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Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : 19079761 EISSN : 25030310 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

MOLEKUL is a peer-reviewed journal of chemistry published by the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Publishing frequency 2 issues per year, on May and November. This Journal encompasses all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines including Pharmaceutical, Biological activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry.

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 1 (2019)" : 11 Documents clear

Degradation of Phenol By Photolysis Using N-doped TiO2 Catalyst Safni Safni; Mechy Rezita Wahyuni; Khoiriah Khoiriah; Yulizar Yusuf
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Phenol (C6H5OH) is a common contaminant in wastewater. In certain concentrations, phenol can inhibit the activity of microorganisms and give adverse effects tohumanhealth, such as liver and kidney damage, perfect heart rate, and lower blood pressure. In this study, phenol was degraded with andwithoutN-doped TiO2under photolysis UV-light (10 Watts, λ = 365 nm) and visible-light (13 watt Philips, lux= 1400, λ = 465-640 nm)irradiation. The reductionof phenol concentrationwas measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength 200-400 nm. Some parameters such as catalyst dose, irradiation timesand type of light sources were studied. The XRD and DRS UV-Vis characterization confirmthat the nitrogen modified of titania catalyst potentially actives in visible-light. The N-doped TiO2is able to catalyze and improve the efficiency of phenol degradation in photocatalysissystem. Phenol with initialconcentration 8 mg/L was degraded by 33.89% and 30.51% without catalyst and increased to be 90.8% and 67.80%by additionof 15 mg N-doped TiO2catalyst under UV-light and visible-lightfor 210 minutes photolysis, respectively. From the results,irradiation using UV-light achieveshigherefficiency than visible-lightonphenol degradation.

Density Functional Study on Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene Adsorptions on ZnO(100) Surface Nugraha Nugraha; Adhitya Gandaryus Saputro; Mohammad Kemal Agusta; Fiki Taufik Akbar; Aditya Dimas Pramudya
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

We study the interaction between benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) molecules with ZnO(100) surface by means of density functional theory-based calculations. We find that these interactions result in the physical adsorptions of BTEX gases with adsorption distances larger than 2 Å. These adsorptions are governed by the van der Waals interaction instead of the covalent interaction. We also find that the trend of the strength of BTX adsorptions on ZnO(100) surface is in line with the experimental trend of sensitivity of ZnO material towards BTX gases (benzene < tolune < xylene). We explain this relation by using one of the sensing mechanism within the ionosorption model. By using this relation, we also predict that the response of ZnO towards ethylbenzene will be similar to the response towards toluene since these two molecules have similar adsorption energies on ZnO(100) surface.

Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Celery (Apium graveolens L) on Kidney Damage in Ischemia/ Reperfusion Injury Rats Model Afifah Afifah; Khusnul Muflikhah; Viva Ratih Bening Ati; Rizki Maulana Tsani; Dairotul Khasanah; Watub Maulana
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Ischemia/ reperfusion injury (IRI) is marked by the sudden decrease of blood supply to the kidney followed by restoration of blood flow. Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the prevention strategy for decreasing the damage due to IRI is required. Celery (Apium graveolens L) is often consumed as food. Celery has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the celery on kidney damage in the kidney ischemia/ reperfusion injury rat model. Twenty-five rats male, 2-3 months old Sprague Dawley were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 was sham operation, group 2 was ischemia/ reperfusion injury (IRI), group 3, 4, 5 were IRI and 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW, 1000 mg/kgBW of ethanol extract of celery respectively for 14 days before and 3 days after operation. Blood serum sample was taken 3 days after the operation for measuring urea, creatinine, superoxide dismuthase (SOD) and nitrite oxide (NO). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was utilized to examine kidney tubular injury score. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p<0,05). The ethanol extract of celery at dose 1000 mg/kgBW prevented the increase of urea, creatinine serum, kidney tubular injury score and prevented the decrease of SOD, NO in the kidney ischemia/ reperfusion injury rat model (p<0,05). In conclusion, the ethanol extract of celery has a protective effect on kidney damage in the ischemia/ reperfusion injury rat model.

Antioxidant Activity of Syzygium samarangense L. and Their Endophytic Fungi Budiono Budiono; Elfita Elfita; Muharni Muharni; Heni Yohandini; Hary Widjajanti
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Leaves of jambu air (Syzygium samarangense L.) has been used by local residents as medicine for various diseases caused by free radical agents in human’s body. This study aims to find a new source of antioxidants from medicinal plants and their endophytic fungi Syzygium samarangense leaves was fractionated by maceration method using gradient solvent i.e. n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antioxidant activity of the leaf fractions was determined using 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. The chemical compound was isolated from active fraction by chromatographic techniques and their chemical structure was identified using spectroscopy techniques. The endophytic fungi was isolated from S. samarangense leaves and continued to cultivation in potato-dextrose broth (PDB) medium for four weeks. The medium was extracted using ethyl acetate and determined its antioxidant activity. Fungi’s isolate with highest activity was analyzed to identify its molecular. Ethyl acetate fraction of S. samarangense leaves showed highest antioxidant activity. Spectroscopy analysis result concluded the isolated compound is 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl flavanone. Four endophytic fungi had been isolated form S. samarangense leaves. Antioxidant activity test showed that ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi BJA-1 has the highest value. Molecular identification of BJA-1 shows high homology with Lasiodiplodia venezuelensis strain CBS 129753.

Colorimetric Detection of Hg(II) Ion Using Silver Nanoparticles Capped with 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Gusrizal Gusrizal; Andi Hairil Alimuddin; Ajuk Sapar; Rizki Noviani Ridwan; Sri Juari Santosa
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

In this paper, we report for the first time thesimple method for detection of Hg(II) ion in anaqueousmedium using silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid. Silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid were preparedby reduction of the silver ion with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and without surface functionalization. The formation of silver nanoparticles was characterized by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The yellowcolloid of prepared silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm. The ability of silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid in detection was tested by doing a reaction with several metal ions individually(Na(I), K(I), Cu(II), Zn(II), Ca(II), Mg(II), Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Co(II)). It was foundthat silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid highly selective toHg(II) and then the prepared silver nanoparticles were developedfor detection of Hg(II) ion. Addition of 1 mL Hg(II) ion into 4mL the as-preparedsilver nanoparticles reducedthe peak of surface plasmon resonance spectra, andthe reduction of peak intensity was proportional to the concentration of Hg(II) ion. A goodlinear relationship (R2= 0.998) between absorbance at 420 nm and concentrationof Hg(II) over the range 1.0x10-3to 5.5x10-3M was obtained. Silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid were highly sensitive to Hg (II) ion with the detection limit down to 4.7x10-5M. Application the method to the real water sample showed the excellentresult with recovery ranged from 98 to 101%. The proposed method was found to be useful forthe colorimetric detection of Hg(II) ion in an aqueousmedium.

ACE Inhibitory and Antioxidative Bioactive Peptides Derived from Hydrolyzed Soy Milk Hermanto, Sandra; Septiana, Annisa; Putera, Deni K; Hatiningsih, Fitriah; Muawanah, Anna
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Soy milk is a soybean processed product rich in protein as well as sources of bioactive peptides. Bioactive peptides defined as specific protein fragments that have a positive impact on body functions and conditions and may ultimately influence health. This study was conducted to explore the potential of hydrolyzed soy milk as a source of antioxidative and antihypertensive bioactive peptides through enzymatic hydrolysis. The initial treatment of soy milk protein was acidic precipitation with hydrochloric acid. Furthermore, protein precipitate was hydrolyzed using pepsin proteolytic enzyme with an enzyme: substrate ratio (1:5, 1:10 and 1:20). Protein hydrolysis was carried out for 0?48 hours at 37 °C in an acetate buffer pH 4.5. The soy milk protein hydrolysates were subjected to determination of % DH (Degree of Hydrolysis) and protein profile by SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The antihypertensive assay was carried out by in vitro inhibition of the ACE enzyme (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) and antioxidative activity assay using the DPPH method. The results showed that the optimum conditions for hydrolysis of soy milk were obtained at 40 hours with a % DH value of 53.24% in enzyme ratio 1:20 and the highest antihypertensive activity was obtained from 48 hours hydrolysis with % ACE inhibition value of 79.31%. The highest antioxidative activity of bioactive peptide was obtained at hydrolysis 48 hours with IC50 69.1034 µg / ml. After fractionated and LCMS characterized it was obtained 2 bioactive peptides with molecular weights of 8.954 and 2,696 kDa. These bioactive peptides from hydrolyzed of soymilk might be potential as an antihypertensive agent and reduce oxidative stress.

Quality Improvement of Used Cooking Oil by Using Nanocellulose from Sugarcane Bagasse as Adsorbent Winda Trisna Wulandari; Rosmaya Dewi
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Frying oil can produce substances that are harmful for health. One way that can be used to eliminate these dangerous compounds is by using adsorbent. Recently, many adsorbents from natural fibers have been developed. One of them is cellulose which contains 40-50 % in bagasse. Nano sized cellulose or called by nanocellulose is reported have better properties than cellulose. So, this research is aimed to utilize nanocellulose from sugarcane bagasse as adsorbent for used cooking oil. Cellulose produced from bagasse is hydrolyzed using 50% H2SO4at 40 ⁰C for 10 minutes. Used cooking oil soaked with nanocellulose for 1x24 hour, 2x24 hours and 3x24 hours. Then, the quality of used cooking oil was tested through organoleptic, acid number, peroxide number and water content test. Nanocellulose produced from hydrolysis process by using acid has a particle size distribution in nanometer range, with 95.3% having a particle size of 437.5 nm. Immersion of cooking oil by nanocellulose for 2 x 24 hours can reduce the value of free fatty acids until 18.01%, the peroxide number decreases by 57.69% and the water content decreases to 99.99% even though organoleptic changes are not very noticeable. Based on this results, nanocellulose has high potential to be used as adsorbent in used cooking oil.

Development of Urea Biosensor Based on Immobilized Urease in Chitosan Cryogel Zusfahair Zusfahair; Dian Riana Ningsih; Elok Dwi Putri Lestari; Amin Fatoni
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The development of biosensors using biological components has an important role in detecting the disease early because it has good selectivity and accuracy. In this study, a biosensor which made is a urea biosensor, based on immobilization urease in chitosan using adsorption techniques, to measure urea levels by colorimetric analysis with bromothymol blue (BTB) as an indicator. The purpose of this study was to find out how to measure urea levels using biosensors based on urease immobilization in chitosan and find out the biosensor performance including optimum enzymatic reaction time, linearity, the limit of detection, repetition, and determination of disrupting compounds. The study began with the making of an immobilization supporting matrix using chitosan which was made in the form of cryogel through an ionic gelation process which adsorbs the urease enzyme. Cryogel urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into NH4+ and CO2-. The reaction product was added with the BTB indicator, and the color change formed was measured using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the performance of urea biosensors was good enough for urea level detection systems by producing enzymatic reaction times at 15 minutes, linearity at 0.9951, detection limit at 0.018 mM, not affected by the addition of 0.05 mM ascorbic acid and 0.4 mM uric acid. This urea biosensor can be used up to 5 repetitions.

Cytotoxicity, Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effect of n-Hexane Fraction of Lime Parasite (Dendrophtoe pentandra) Subandrate Subandrate; Masayu Farah Diba; Salni Salni; Triwani Triwani; Sri Nita
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Breast cancer is one of the biggest causes of death in women in the world. Lime parasite (Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq.), a folk remedy used by Indonesian people, is believed to be efficacious as anticancer drug. This research aims to know the activity of n-hexane fractions of lime parasite in inhibiting the proliferation and apoptosis of T47D cells in vitro. Cytotoxic test with MTT method assay from n-hexane fractions used a multilevel concentration. Antiproliferative test was carried out by the method of MTT assay and cell doubling time was calculated at the time of duplication. Apoptotic test was done with concentration of 1 IC50and ½ IC50which was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results reveals that fractions of lime parasite have cytotoxic activity with concentration of IC50is included in moderatecytotoxic level. The result of the doubling time of the optimum fraction of n-hexane is in 31 hours with the concentration of ¼IC50. Results for the flow cytometry shows the fraction of n-hexane does not induce apoptosis in cells of T47D. Those results show that the active fraction of lime parasite has cytotoxic activity which is able to inhibit proliferation, but does not induce apoptosis of T47D cell.

Sub-chronic hepatotoxicity test of Plantago mayor L. extract Eman Sutrisna; Setia Wati; Farissa Utami; Rahayu Nurmalia Fauziah; Dara AisyahRahayu Abdurrachman; Ika Murti Harini; Thianti Silviningrum
Molekul Vol 14, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The aim of this study was to examine hepatotoxicity of Plantago mayor L. extract on rat by using effective dosage. By experimental study and post test only with control group design. 15 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided in to 3 group. Group A as a natural control was given aquades. Group B and C were given extract of Plantago major L. 50mg, and 100mg/200g BW rat/day per oral. Liver function was determined with measurement of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, and histopathological feature of liver. Blood sampling and Liver organ were taken after 28 days of intervention. The average of AST levels, ALT and total bilirubin among groups A, B and C were AST levels (145.40±52.92, 129.00±34.89, and 115.60±13.24 U/l), ALT (76.40±18.87, 83.20±18.71, and 61.00±8.45 U/l) and total bilirubin (0.56±0.03, 0.77±0.22, and 0.58±0.08 mg/dL). Statistical analysis showed that there were not significantly differences of AST levels (p=0,63; CI95%), ALT (p=0,47; CI95%) and total bilirubin (p=0,0,09; CI95%) between the groups. In histopathological features, the average Scheuer score between groups A, B and C is 1.79 ± 0.74, 3.30 ± 0.66 and 2.84 ± 0.77. There is a significant difference in Scheuer scores between the groups (p=0,005; CI95%) that show that there is a difference in the effect of giving extract of Plantago major L. to hepatocyte cells leading to a piecemeal necrosis. This study can be concluded that in effective dosage, Plantago major L. extract able to induce hepatocytes injury although it cannot cause liver disfunction yet.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Amin Fatoni

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Editorial Address Jl. Dr. Soeparno No.61 Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah 53

Location Kab. banyumas, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Amin Fatoni

Contact Email
aminfatoni@unsoed.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
j.molekul@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Dr. Soeparno No.61 Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah 53

Location
Kab. banyumas,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA