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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM KONFIGURASI NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN VERSI 1945: TINJAUAN KRITIS TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA Saidi, Anas
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The implementation of good governance is very popular since the successful implementation of local government autonomy inIndonesia. Efficiency, effectivity, accountability, transparency, and participation, as the key principles in the application of good governance have been successful in lessening the emerging bad governance that in the past had been the prime character of Indonesian bureaucracy. The suggestion to the need of mindsetchanges of government system to apply bureaucracy entrepreneurship principles have been the only paradigm in the governance of local government in Indonesia. The overstated spirit in supporting those principles makes us easily address critical question on whether good governance is not merely as a tool of a neutral ideological interest. Is there any possibility for good governance to have hidden agenda that finally place market as the main source of chance contradictory to welfare state principles as stated in Indonesian Constitution of 1945; or whether good governance is a need for transition period that can be utilized as a step to achieve welfare state. This writing is aimed at addressing critical review on: how the good governance that has many positive results can be utilized as the main referenced in running the government in reform era, that is contrary to the principles of welfare state version in the Indonesian Constitution of 1945. If the hypothesis of there is ideologically-significant difference between good governance and welfare state is true, then at least there is a need for responding critically the journey of good governance in gaining its final purpose. In other words, there is a need of rethinking or reviewing the hegemony of mindset in the whole stakeholders, which is believed as the only way to gain people welfare. The question then do we capable of redesigning good governance which has final purpose to gain welfare state principles as dreamed by Indonesian Constitution of 1945.Keywords: good governance, welfare state, governance of local government.

MEMAHAMI KEKERASAN PENJARA (SUATU TINJAUAN TEORITIS) Kusumawardhani, DTP
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Theories of prison violence and behavior are often divided into the indigenous and importation model. This paper utilizes Irwin and Cressey’s importation model and integrates it with elements of Miller’s theory of a lower-class subculture explaining prison violence. The paper also examines other relevant theories of violent subcultures to enhance the argument that most prison violence is not indigenous to the prison but is brought to the institution as part of a pre-existing value. Keywords: Prison, Violence, Indigenous model, Importation model, Integration model

MENYAMBUT GENERASI BARU DALAM KONTEKS BUDAYA: METAETNOGRAFI BUDAYA PERSALINAN DI INDONESIA LESTARI, WENY; Agustina, Zulfa Auliyati
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Latar Belakang: Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) tahun 2015 yang mencapai 305 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup masih menjadi pekerjaan rumah yang besar dari tahun ke tahun bagi pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia. Berbagai program Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) yang telah dilaksanakan dalam beberapa dekade tidak juga menurunkan AKI. Masalah budaya kesehatan menjadi faktor penting dalam berhasil tidaknya suatu program yang telah dicanangkan, dan telah menghabiskan anggaran yang besar. Metode: Kajian ini menggunakan metode metaetnografi untuk membandingkan antara pemaknaan persalinan aman menurut masyarakat dengan persalinan aman menurut pemegang program KIA. Metaetnografi dilakukan pada 22 buku Riset Etnografi Kesehatan yang bertema KIA tahun 2012-2015. Metaetnografi pada 22 etnis dan lokasi hasil Riset Etnografi Kesehatan terbagi menjadi 8 regional kepulauan di Indonesia Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor sosial budaya masyarakat dan tenaga kesehatan yang berkompeten masih menjadi masalah terkait persalinan aman. Masyarakat memiliki konsep dan nilai sendiri tentang kehamilan, persalinan, penolong persalinan dan tentang nilai anak dalam suatu keluarga. Kesimpulan: Persalinan aman dalam konteks budaya masyarakat adalah bersalin sesuai kenyamanan ibu dan keluarga, serta tidak melanggar nilai-nilai budaya setempat. Ketidakpercayaan masyarakat kepada tenaga kesehatan dikarenakan faktor kurangnya hubungan interpersonal antara tenaga kesehatan dengan masyarakat, faktor senioritas dan tabu memperlihatkan organ intim pada orang lain, serta ketiadaan tenaga kesehatan di wilayah masyarakat karena akses yang terpencil. Saran: Rekayasa sosial (social engineering) dapat dilakukan dalam intervensi kesehatan ibu dan anak berbasis budaya lokal, dengan melibatkan masyarakat dan dukun bayi, serta perlu memberi pelatihan yang berkesinambungan tentang pemahaman lintas budaya, komunikasi budaya, dan perilaku kesehatan masyarakat kepada tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas. Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak, Budaya, Persalinan Aman

PEREMPUAN DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DI INDONESIA: KASUS BALI, SASAK, DAN MINAHASA Mudzakkir, Amin
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Citizenship is a gendered practice. Although normatively it try to transcend differences of identities, such as gender, into national identity, in reality it is challenged by particular identities. In Indonesia, those particular identities are ethnicity and religion that growing in tandem with the dynamics ofIndonesian nationhood models. The focus of this paper is the dynamics of women citizenship in the post-Soeharto Bali,Lombok, and Minahasa. As conclusion, women citizenship is a reflection of a complex relationship between the individual,ethnic/religious community and the state. In this triangular relationship, the role of the state is crucial. Keywords: women, citizenship, Indonesia, Bali, Lombok, Minahasa.

PERKEMBANGAN SEBUAH AGAMA BARU DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH Baier, Martin
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 9, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Selama kurun waktu empat puluh tahun terakhir, telah diteliti berbagai manifestasi keagamaan di Kalimantan Tengah, baik yang diuraikan dan dipaparkan oleh pengamat asing maupun peminat lain yang berasal dari dalam negeri. Untuk memahami konsep keagamaan tersebut maka perlu adanya suatu sumber yang tepat dan dapat dipercaya. Sebagai contoh, situasi keagamaan saat ini memang harus disikapi dan dipahami dari perspektif para pemangku Adat, pemuka agama, atau dari umat yang dididik oleh suatu komunitas keagamaan, dan tidak dipahami berdasarkan pada pandangan orang awam (di pinggir jalan). Jika suatu peristiwa berjalan sudah demikian lama dan dilewati oleh lebih dari satu generasi, serta para saksi hidupnya pun sudah tidak ada lagi, maka perlu merujuk kepada arsip-arsip sejarah dan sumber-sumber yang ilmiah.3 Sumber-sumber ini dapat diperoleh ketika ada orang Barat yang masuk dan menetap selama beberapa waktu di Kalimantan bagian selatan, dan kemudian mempublikasikan laporan tentang kebudayaan /agama suku-suku Kalimantan.

OJEK PANGKALAN VERSUS OJEK ONLINE (PEMBERDAYAAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS DAN KETAHANAN EKONOMI OJEK PANGKALAN) Fathy, Rusydan
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Technology has penetrated into the transportation services sector in Indonesia. The existence of application-based ojek is a manifestation of technology adaptation into the transportation services sector. Its emergence replacing the ojek pangkalan’s existence as an alternative transportation. For members of ojek pangkalan who are able to adapt, they choose to become ojek online’s driver, while those who do not, choose to survive. However, the inability to adapt is getting worse with weakening the quality of their social capital. Ojek pangkalan’s entity as a community currently has a negative image in society because of their poor quality management system. This paper exploring community-based empowerment of ojek pangkalan and their economic resilience. This paper was conducted using qualitative approach. Data analyzed through the three-stage data encryption technique: open code, axial code and selective code. Arguments are formulated through analysis using social capital theory as a main theoretical framework. The opening of this article placing ojek pangkalan’s entity into the macro domain of urban studies. Ojek pangkalan will be drawn into the context discussion of a community. The main part of this article is exploring the social capital that Ojek Pangkalan Salemba have, which is the process of the establishment and how its role in making of economic resilience. Besides that, for the closing part, this article describe the constellation of ojek pangkalan’s existence in context of community-based empowerment.

MASYARAKAT PERBATASAN RI-MALAYSIA DAN KASUS ASKAR WATANIAH: RELEVANSI PERUBAHAN KEBIJAKAN KESEJAHTERAAN Djafar, Zainuddin
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 10, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This writing seeks to determine the extent of the welfare factor as a basis of the decision taken by Indonesians living in Malaysian border to join the Malaysian Askar Wataniah paramilitary unit. The case itself signifies how government welfare plannings have yet to be realized in its fullest capacity to prevent citizens from considering the alternative to join a foreign security. This is among others, due to cronic economic and development retardness faced by the region. In light of such circumstances, better concepts and policies concerning welfare in this region must be developed, especially through policy analyses and recommendations, which would contribute towards preventing the recurrence of similar cases. The case has become more serious having in mind the different development of Indonesia with its neighbors, in terms of poverty, deprafity, educational backwardness, retardness, and marginality (Five K) remains to be a dominant feature in many Indonesian border societies. Therefore, developments of new economic growth hubs has become an ever essential priority in the crusade to combat the Five K, especially through the development of better trade infrastructures in the border areas, in order to improve border tradings and its positive effects to the society. Government intervention in such project will also need to reach the Political, Socio-Cultural, and Defence-Security dimensions of the issue in order to anticipate problems such as the low human resources quality in the region, etc. Thereby, the following policy stages may need to be considered; (A) to increase within the interaction between the government and the border societies, (B) to empower border societal participation, (C), to raise a consciousness towards the development of human and natural resources for the benefit of all elements of the border societies.

AFIRMASI NILAI ESTETIKA, ETIKA, DAN SOSIAL KESENIAN GONG GUMBENG DI DESA WRINGINANOM, KECAMATAN SAMBIT, KABUPATEN PONOROGO Farahiba, Ayyu Subhi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

In the midst of the rapid development of foreign culture in Indonesia, there is one area of culture that should be preserved and maintained. The local culture is Gong Gumbeng. This art can only be found in the Wringinanom, Sambit, Ponorogo. Gong Gumbeng become part of the ritual ‘bersih desa’. This paper aims to affirm the values of aesthetics, ethics, and social contained in Gong Gumbeng. The results of the study described three aspect. First, the aesthetic value of Gong Gumbeng reflected gumbeng equipment, ‘tayub’, and ‘macapat’. Second, the value of the arts ethics Gong Gumbeng appears as a form of reflection of society respectful attitude to the ancestors on the struggles that have been made. Accompaniment Gong Gumbeng deliver messages that contain useful advice for the community. Third, the social value that appears in this art is the emergence of the value of mutual cooperation and harmony of society so as to strengthen social solidarity. Keywords: Gong Gumbeng, aesthetic, ethical, social, Ponorogo. Di tengah pesatnya perkembangan budaya asing di Indonesia, terdapat salah satu budaya daerah yang patut dilestarikan dan dijaga. Budaya daerah tersebut adalah kesenian Gong Gumbeng. Kesenian ini hanya dapat ditemukan di desa Wringinanom, Kecamatan Sambit, Kabupaten Ponorogo. Kesenian Gong Gumbeng menjadi bagian dari ritual bersih desa. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengafirmasi nilai-nilai estetika, etika, dan sosial yang terdapat di dalam kesenian Gong Gumbeng. Penelitian telah menemumkan tiga hal penting. Pertama, nilai estetika kesenian Gong Gumbeng tercermin dari peralatan Gong Gumbeng, tayub, dan tembang macapat. Kedua, nilai etika kesenian Gong Gumbeng tampak sebagai wujud cerminan sikap hormat masyarakat kepada leluhurnya atas perjuangan-perjuangan yang telah dilakukan. Iringan kesenian Gong Gumbeng menyampaikan pesan yang berisi nasihat yang berguna bagi masyarakat. Ketiga, nilai sosial yang tampak pada kesenian ini adalah munculnya nilai kegotongroyongan dan kerukunan masyarakat sehingga memperkuat solidaritas sosial. Kata kunci: Gong Gumbeng, estetika, etika, sosial, Ponorogo.

TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION IN THE ASEAN REGION: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ADEQUACY OF REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN INDONESIA Nurhidayah, Laely
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 16, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Haze pollution is one of the major environmental problems in the ASEAN region. Every year in dry season, forest fires occur in Indonesia creating havoc at domestic level and regionally affected neighbouring countries. This fire is caused by human activities in burning land/forest for plantation and/or agriculture. This paper argues that transboundary haze pollution cannot be solved solely on a regional level.It needs comprehensive efforts and co-operation from regional, international, national and local level. An improvement on both regional and national legal framework and law enforcement in addressing haze pollution problem is needed.

TINJAUAN BUKU: MEMBANGUN KOTA UNTUK GENERASI MENDATANG Nadila, Syarfina Mahya
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul : Mewariskan Kota Layak Huni Penulis : Nirwono Joga Penerbit : PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama Tahun : 2017 Tebal : xxvii + 279

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