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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Sifat dan Jadwal Pengeringan Lima Jenis Kayu Papua Barat The Drying Properties and Schedules of Five Wood Species from West Papua Efrida Basri; R.G.N. Triantoro; Wahyudi Wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 2 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study was aimed to investigate the drying properties and schedules of five wood species from West Papua, i.e. Tarua (Antiaris toxicaria), Sonokembang (Pterocarpus indicus), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Mangium (Acacia mangium) and Mendarahan (Myristica longipes). Modified Terazawa Method was used for the drying properties tests. The physical properties measured were airdry density and green moisture content. The determination of drying schedule was carried out by examining the wood drying properties at 100ºC.Results indicated that the drying properties were not affected by density but by wood anatomical structure. One of 5 wood species (i.e. Merbau wood) was resistant to high temperature although its density is the highest. Based on drying properties, all samples of 5 wood species could be classified into 5 drying schedule groups.

Characterization of Cat’s Eye Dammar for Revision of Indonesia National Standard Rita K Sari; Nyoman J Wistara; Arif Wijayanto; Totok K Waluyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The present works was aimed to examine the concordance between trader quality classification and related SNI classification on dammar resin. The quality of six quality classes of dammar resin by trader classification was evaluated based on SNI 2900-1-2012 on visual classification and SNI 01-2900-1999 on physical and chemical characteristics, and then the resulting data were analyzed with ANOVA. The quality concordance of dammar resin based on trader classification with these of SNI for visual appearance and the size of agglomeration was 50 and 75-94%, respectively, and these of insolubility in toluene, melting point, ash content, and acid number were 61, 72, 11, and 100%, respectively. The characteristics of dammar resin for the a, b, and c quality classification were the same for the Krui traders, BKG Ltd., and WGM Ltd. However, they were different for the lower quality classification of d, e, and powder. It was also found the existence of dammar resin with characteristic values beyond the range of these established by SNI. SNI should not classify dammar resin quality based on visual appearance, but merely based on its physical and chemical characteristics. Physical and chemical characteristics values required by SNI should be revised.Key words: cat’s eye dammar, Indonesia National Standard, physical and chemical characteristics, quality classification, Shorea javanica

Mutu Arang Aktif dari Limbah Kayu Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King) sebagai Bahan Penjernih Air Quality of Activated Charcoal from Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) Wood Wastes for Water Purification Substance Rini Pujiarti; J.P. Gentur Sutapa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 2 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Indonesian active charcoal demands are relatively high, due to the increase of active charcoal usage in industrial sector. To supply active charcoal demand in industrial sector, sufficient amount of basic materials are needed. One of the alternatives is Mahogany wood waste. The aims of this research are (1) to use wood waste of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) as a raw material for active charcoal, (2) to identify active charcoal characteristics that are formed, (3) to obtain type and concentration of chemical substance that is suitable for active charcoal forming process, (4) to provide better characteristics, and (5) to apply in the best active charcoal on well-water purification to bind kation in order to increase water quality.Activation was conducted chemically and the types of chemical substance for activation were Na2CO3 and NaOH with concentration of 1%; 1.5%; 2%; 2.5% and 3%. The observed parameters were sucrose contents, moisture contents, volatile matter contents, ash contents, carbon contents, adsorptive capacity of benzene, and adsorptive capacity of iodium and adsorptive capacity of methyline blue.The result and analysis showed that wood waste of Mahogany can be used as a raw material of active charcoal forming process; and Na2CO3 and NaOH can be used as activators. The best active charcoal (with activator Na2CO3 1.5 %) quality was having 64.41% sucrose content, 8.24% moisture content, 3.2% ash content, 19.4% volatile matter content, 77.4% carbon content, 14.48% adsorptive capacity of benzene, 1230.93 mg/g adsorptive capacity of iodium and 130.93 mg/g adsorptive capacity of methyline blue. Well-water quality after the best active charcoal had been added showed decreasing of cation element such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and mangan (Mn

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Four Varieties of Ironwood Bambang Irawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bulian or ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) belongs to the family ofLauraceae. The most valuable characteristic of ironwood is very durable and an excellentphysical and mechanical properties. Four varieties of ironwood namely exilis, grandis, ovoidusand zwageri had been identified based on morphological characteristics and genetic marker. Ithas never been determined that there is a correlation between mechanical properties of wood andthe varieties. Four logs samples were collected from Senami forest, Jambi, Indonesia. ThePhysical and mechanical property test was referred to British Standard (BS) 375-57, includingmoisture content, density, shrinkage, bending strength. Some parameters of physical andmechanical properties were not significantly different among investigated logs. These were dryair moisture content, tangential shrinkage green to oven dry, green hardness and greencompression parallel to grain. Other parameters were significantly different among investigatedlogs. The cluster analysis based on physical and mechanical properties shows that zwageri andovoidus formed one cluster with a higher degree of similarity than another cluster, which wasformed by grandis and exilis. This dendrogram is synchronized with the dendrogram which wasformed based on other morphological structures of ironwood.Keywords: ironwood, physical and mechanical properties, senami forest, varieties

Tingkat Stabilisasi Dimensi Delapan Jenis Kayu Indonesia Dimensional Stability Of Eight Indonesian Species Za Coto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study is intended to find out the volumetric shrinkage from green to a certain moisture content due to drying process and the rate of shrinkage or swelling for each percent of Moisture Content Change (Rate of Dimensional Change = RDC) when the wood were used. Samples, from 8 species of woods, about 15 cm length, 10 cm width and 1.5 cm thickness, tangentially and radially, were produced from green boards or logs. Samples were randomly divided into 4 sets and dried at 30°C (room temperature), 55°C, 85°C and 105°C. All samples were then stored in a tight glass box, with relative humidity (RH) set at about 50%, until their weight were constant. Samples were then conditioned at room temperature. After all samples reached constant weight, then they were oven dried. At all stages of condition, the width of all samples were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm and weighted to the nearest 0.01 g. The last measurement and weighing were done after the samples were conditioned at room temperature after oven dried. Length and thickness were also measured at the green stage for volume calculation. Moisture content and shrinkage were calculated at all stages of conditions. RDC (shrinkage divided by MC) was also calculated for all samples. Result of the study showed that Teak has the highest dimensional stability, followed by Albizia. Kamper has the lowest dimension stability. In general, the highest the temperature used for drying, the highest the shrinkage. The RDC of all wood are not influenced by the drying temperature.

Evaluasi terhadap Stimulan Ethephon dalam Penyadapan Pinus merkusii (Evaluation on Ethephon Stimulant to Pinus merkusii Tapping) Lukmandaru, Ganis; Sunarta, Sigit; Listyanto, Tomy; Kasmudjo, Kasmudjo; Pujiarti, Rini; Widyorini, Ragil
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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The aim of this study was to find out the effect of Ethephon, an ethylene releasing compound, in a combination with sulfuric acid resin production Pinus merkusii. The tested stimulants were ETRAT; SR4; 20% sulfuric acid; 20% sulfuric acid - Ethephon 2%; 3.3% sulfuric acid – 4.1% Ethephon; and sulfuric acid – 8.3% Ethephon. Trees without stimulant spraying were the controls. The results showed that for daily production, the first-day observation gave the highest value but decreased drastically after second-day observation in a varied degree depent on the stimulants. On the basis of accumulated production, the addition of Ethephon in a high or low level of sulfuric acid concentration exhibited significantly higher resin production compared to that of ETRAT; SR4; and 20% sulfuric acid stimulants as well as control trees. It increased resin production by 98.0-150.6% compared to control trees in class age of VII and increased by 140.9-227.1% in class age of IV stands. Moderate significant correlations (r=0.65) were observed between the values of resin production and tree diameter (controls) as well as between the values of resin production and tree diameter of trees treated by sulfuric acid stimulants (r=0.65-0.82).Keywords : class age, ethylene, quarre, resin production, tree diameter

Bioaktivitas dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Batang Mahkota Dewa (The Bioactivity and Antioxidant Activity of Stem Extracts of Mahkota Dewa) Ganis Lukmandaru; Anisa A Gazidy
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Mahkota Dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.] is commonly used by Indonesian for medicinal purposes. This study elucidated the bioactivity and antioxidant activity of mahkota dewa stem and extractive compound analysis. The base part stem powder of 40 mesh was extracted successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hot-water. The analysis of extractive compound consisted of identification of secondary metabolites by chemical reaction, colorimetric, and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Bioactivity experiments involved antitermitic test to dry-wood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) and brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Antioxidant activity was examined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The analysis of extractive compound by qualitative method showed that terpenoid, steroid, alkaloid, and saponin were detected. Further, the quantitative analysis showed the low level of total phenolic compound while flavonoids were not detected. GC-MS analysis showed that the 11 main components was dominated by fatty acid methyl esters. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were toxic to dry-wood termites (termites mortality of 41-95%) and exhibited the lowest weight loss of paper disc (0.37-1.60 mg). BSLT showed that all fractions were highly toxic (LC50 ≤30 ppm). DPPH method gave the level of antioxidant activity in relatively low inhibition values (7.59-18.12%).

The Application of Durian Rind as a Burning Stimulant of Coal Briquettes Sanjaya Sanjaya
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Durian (Durio zibethinus) originally was wild plants from forests of Malaysia, Sumatera, and Borneo. Durian trees cultivated Indonesian society is primarily not for timber, but to produce fruit. At the season of durian, durian rind becomes waste. A tropical plant product which is unfortunate if the durian rind that contains a lot of fiber disposed of as trash, as long as this happens. Has conducted research utilization fiber of durian rind in the field of coal energy. Durian rind fibers can act as a stimulant ignition of coal. Durian rind fibers in various positions with coal and other material added form a briquettes. The position of the fibers has been investigated: briquettes with fiber outer position (1), lower (2), the side (3), the top-down (4), and two quarters (5). Briquettes with durian serat kulit different positions have different speeds and long flame.Keywords: fibre, durian rind, coal ignition, flame speed, long burning

Tinjauan Hasil-hasil Penelitian Faktor-faktor Alam yang Mempengaruhi Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Kayu Indonesia Review of Researches on Natural Factors Affecting the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Indonesian Wood Wahyu Dwianto; Sri Nugroho Marsoem
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This review deals with several topics concerning natural factors affecting physical and mechanical properties of wood, i.e. (1) wood species; (2) age and location of growing; (3) position of wood sample in the stem; (4) diameter; (5) humidity, moisture content, and temperature; (5) weathering and fungi; (6) forest fired; that have been done by researchers who are members of Indonesian Wood Research Society. The purposes of this review are (1) to evaluate the research results that have been done, (2) to promote the applicable and feasible utilization of research results to the users, (3) to provide information concerning previous researches that might be useful for further researches.More than 60 wood species have been reported in this review. Besides the major and minor commercial wood species; lesser known species, i.e. Balsa (Ochroma spp.), Randu (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.), Merkubung (Macaranga sp.), Cengkeh (Eugenia aromatica L.), Afrika (Maesopsis eminii), Kisereh (Cinnamomum porrectum (Roxb) Kosterm), Kibawang (Melia excelsa Jack.), Pulai Konggo (Alstonia kongoensis Engl.), Sengon Buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griserb.), Salamander (Grevillea robusta A.Cunn.), Kilemo (Litsea cubeba Pers.), Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita Linn.), Sukun (Arthocarpus altilis), Arang (Diospyros borneensis), Berumbung (Adina minutifolia), Tisuk/Waru (Hibiscus macrophyllus), Urograndis (Eucalyptus urograndis), Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.), Kelapa Sawit (Eleais guineensiis Jacq.), Laban (Vitex Pubescens Vahl.), Rambai (Baccaurea motleyana Muell.), Ki Sampang (Evodia latifolia DC.), Nangka (Artocarpus integra Merr.), Kalapi (Kalappia celebica), Gofasa (Vitex coffasus), Ketileng (Vitex glabrata), Cemara (Gymnostoma sp.), and Lamtoro (Leucaena glauca (Willd) Benth). have also been observed. The researches were generally done in relation to the utilization prospect of lesser known species, crops estate species, fast growing species, timber estate species, rural forest species, commercial species, for contruction/structural materials, handy-craft, musical instruments, or out-door exposures.Wood properties were interaction between specific gravity or density, moisture content, shrinkage and mechanical properties of wood. However, the values of those physical and mechanical properties in the papers could not directly compared to each other, because there were various testing standard and strength classification used. And unfortunately, researches on acoustic, thermal, electrical, creep, relaxation, and fatigue behaviour of Indonesian wood species were very rare or almost none.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Acetylated Wood Strands Apri H Iswanto; Widya Fatriasari; Andi D Yunianti; Ahmad Zailani; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to evaluate of the physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand board (OSB) prepared from acetylated wood strands. Strands derived from Acacia mangium wood were immersed in acetic anhydride for 24 h. After that, strands were dried at 60 C to reach moisture content (MC) of 5%. The slenderness and aspect ratios of strands were 100.72±39.42 and 3.05 ± 0.44. Boards size and target density were set at (25x25x0.5) cm3 and 0.7 g cm-3. The strand compositions for face, core, and back layers were 25, 50, and 25%, respectively. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin with amount of 8% was used to bind the strands. The results showed that weight percent gain (WPG) of acetylated strands was 4%. Acetylated strands resulted in improvement of dimensional stabilization (water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) parameters) with anti-shrink efficiency (ASE) value of 19.65%. On the other hand, the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond (IB) were found to decrease with acetylation treatment. All the physical and mechanical properties of OSB evaluated except IB parameter fulfilled the requirements of JIS A 5908-2003 standard.Key words: acetylated, anti-shrink efficiency, dimensional stability, oriented strand board

Page 15 of 32 | Total Record : 316

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