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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

JITKT
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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 316 Documents

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Daya Patogenitas Cendawan Cunninghamella sp. terhadap Rayap Tanah Coptotermes sp. Pathogenic Ability of Cunninghamella sp. against Subterranean Termites Coptotermes sp Titik Kartika; Suciatmih Suciatmih; Didi Tarmadi; Ikhsan Guswenrivo; Arief Heru Prianto; Sulaeman Yusuf
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Termites are the major agent in wood biodeterioration, particularly in building materials, thus its existence in wood become trouble. Chemical insecticides are widely used to prevent the lost from termites attack. The use of chemical insecticides, however, do not recomended as it may cause risk to human health, environment, and may also harm to the non-target organisms and lead to the development of pest resistance. For that reason, these situations encourage many scientists to develop and evaluate various prospective biological control of termites. One of them is utilization of entomopathogenic fungi to suppress termite population.The object of this research is learning pathogenic ability of Cunninghamella sp. (habitually found around termites nests) in termite’s mortality. The methods of this research are fungal isolation and then pathogenic test to termites (termite’s infection). The ways of termite infection are contact and digestion. The best method is based on termite’s mortality rate after infection.The results show that Cunninghamella sp. causes termites mortality significantly than control. The higher mortality rate of termites is shown by contact infection method than digestion infection method. It might indicate that contact infection method more effective to suppress termite’s population

STUDI PERANAN FUNGI PELAPUK PUTIH DALAM PROSES BIODELIGNIFIKASI KAYU SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Study on the Role of White Rot Fungi in Biodelignication of Sengon Wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Rena M. Siagian; Han Roliadi; Sihati Suprapti; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 1, No 1 (2003): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Pulp and paper mills utilizing wood materials in Indonesia mostly employ the sulphate (Kraft) process, due to its superiority. Yet it offers unfortunate weakness, among which is its contribution to the environmental pollution. Hence, it is necessary to develop appropriate technique but environmentally friendly to deal with the environmental concerns, such as biopulping process which incorporates fungi) activities to degrade lignin in wood. This experiment was mainly aimed at procuring particular fungi isolates able to do so effectively and maximally on the lignin in sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen), but minimally destroying the holocellulose. The results revealed that the participation of fungi could significantly decrease lignin and extractive in sengon wood. The most substantial decrease in lignin brought about by three particular fungi isolates in decreasing order, i.e. HHB 252 (up to 20.22%), HHB 302 (20.45%) and Schizophyllum commune (21.48%). Meanwhile, the lowest decrease in holocellulose was due to the use of HHB 259 (up to 73.23%), followed by Schizophyllum commune (71.9%), and HHB 252 (71.82%). To sum-up, the best-performance fungi in the biodelignification of sengon wood was HHB 252, followed by HHB 302 and Schizophyllum commune isolates. Those three fungi isolates decreased substantially the lignin content, but concurrently brought about minimum degradation on the holocellulose, as indicated by their respective ratio of lignin to holocellulose contents, i.e. 0.282, 0.289 and 0.299.

Characteristics of Pulp Fibers as Green Potential Polymer Reinforcing Agents Nanang Masruchin; Subyakto Subyakto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Three kinds of pulps (i.e kenaf, pineapple and coconut fiber) were characterized as reinforcing agents in composite materials to be applied at automotive interior industry. A better understanding on characteristics of fiber will lead to enhance interface adhesion between fiber and matrices. Chemical, surface compositions, and morphology of pulp fiber were investigated using TAPPI standard test method, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and optical microscopy, respectively. Morphology of fiber was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Pineapple pulps showed the highest α-cellulose content than that of kenaf or coconut pulps. However, it has the lowest hemicellulose content among them. This condition takes responsibility for the difficulties of pineapple pulps defibrillation process. Much fines or external fibrillations are presence on both kenaf and pineapple pulp’s morphology, but it is not presence in the coconut pulps. Coconut fiber is shorter than the other two fibers with diameter size estimated in the order pineapple < kenaf < coconut pulps. FTIR analysis shown quite similar absorption from all pulps, except for coconut pulps due to the remaining lignin on the surface of fiber that showed by the presence of C-O phenol stretching at 1280 cm-1. Kenaf pulps fiber is suitable candidate for polymer reinforcing agents compared to pineapple and coconut pulps fiber.Key words: cellulose, characteristics, composite, interface, pulp fibers

Penetapan Angka Bentuk dan Tabel Berat Rotan (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp dan Korthalsia Zippeli Burret) pada Kondisi Kering Udara Asal Hutan Dataran Rendah Ransiki-Manokwari Fixing Form Number and Weight Table of Rattan (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp and Korthalsia zippeli Burret) on Air Dry Condition from Low Land Forest Ransiki, Manokwari Susan Trida Salosa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to calculate form number and weight table of two commercial species of rattans (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp and Korthalsia zippeli Burret) on air-dry condition. Observation variables which are used in this research were length, diameter, weight of rattan on fresh and air-dry conditions. Data collected is analized by using statistics to fid mean, standard deviation and interval. The result shows that C. heteracanthus Zipp length, weight and diameter bigger than K. zippeli Burret on fresh and air-dry conditions. The form number of C. heteracanthus Zipp on fresh condition is 0.90 and on air-dry condition is 0.56, where as K. zippeli Burret has form number 0.90 on fresh condition and 0.45 on air-dry condition. Water content of C. heteracanthus Zipp and K. zippeli Burret 0.45 on fresh condition are 101.35% and 146% and on air-dry condition 18.67% and 19.38%. Weight table of both rattans can be applied specifically in low land forest of Ransiki or at any other area, which has similar natural condition with this area.

Quinones Distribution of Teak Wood Grown in Community Forest Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Quinones and their derivatives are the main causes on the natural termite resistance in teak wood. By using different termite test methods, the previous paper in this series reported on the termite resistance of teak trees of juvenile ages (8- and 22-year old trees). In this study, the radial distribution of quinones (tectoquinone, lapachol, desoxylapachol and its isomer) and squalene in the different extracting solvents (n- hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were analyzed by means of gas chromatography. Appreciable tree to tree variations were observed in extractive component contents even in the same stand. Each solvent gave different tendencies in analysis of variance of component contents. Signiﬁcant diﬀerences in desoxylapachol or its isomer, and squalene content were found among the outer heartwood of 8- and 22-year old trees, as well as between the inner and outer parts of the heartwood. The highest correlation degree between extractive content and its components was measured in the tectoquinone content (r=-0.68). By using paper disc method, only modest correlations were observed between the mass loss and the content of isodesoxylapachol (r=-0.60) in the sapwood region whereas no significant corellations were measured in the heartwood region.

Identifikasi Morfologi dan Sifat Mekanik Serat Abaka (Musa textilis) Identification of Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Abaca Fiber (Musa textilis) A.H. Darmawan A; H Onggo; H Judawisastra
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

A research has done on the morphology and mechanical properties of abaca fiber. The investigation of morphology is observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Weibull distribution technique is performed to evaluate the variation of fibers strength. And the mechanical properties are tested by using single filament tensile tester (Statimat). The result showed that Abaca is bundle fibers with the diameter of cross-section is about 176 μm. Mechanical strength of fiber is 381 MPa with elongation at break is 1.6 %. And the value of modulus Weibull is 2.69.

Carbon Structure of Coconut Coir Fibers Ismail Budiman; Akhiruddin Maddu; Gustan Pari; Subyakto Subyakto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of the research was to characterize the structure of coconut coir fiber carbon. Carbonization was carried out at two successive phases, carbonization at 400 C for 300 minutes and then proceeded at 700, 800, and 900 C. In every temperature level was conducted for 45, 60, and 90 min. The structure of carbon was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the sample surface analysis was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the degree of crystallinity of the coconut fibers carbonized at 400 C (36.3%) was higher than uncarbonized fibers (16.36%) but lower compared to the coconut fiber carbonized at 700-900 C (41.5-59.81%). Surface analysis of samples showed that the carbonization led to the establishment and enlargement of pores in the fibers.Key words: carbon, coconut coir fiber, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction

Rasio Lendutan Geser terhadap Lendutan Lentur dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kekakuan Lentur (EI) pada Balok Kayu Ratio of Shear to Bending Deflection and Its Influence to Bending Stiffness (EI) of Timber Beam Indah Sulistyawati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bending Stiffness values which is expressed in EI can be obtained by using bending test of beam in laboratory. Base on value of deflection that was entered to one particular equation, can be calculated the bending stiffness. Usually bending test in laboratory was conducted with beam put down above two simple placements by giving one point loading in the middle span or two points loading in one-third span each. The deflection was measured in the middle of span. In the calculation of bending stiffness, usually used the deflection of the bending moment only. In fact, there was deflection caused by shear load, so total deflection in the middle span is bending deflection plus shear deflection. The shear deflection on beams with certain length and dimension was compared to bending deflection that has different value to each other. The test of Acacia mangium timber beam showed that comparison value has variety; it can reach more than 15%. This matter will influence the value of the bending stiffness of beam. By including shear deflection higher bending stiffness value will be obtained, so it will yield more economical design.The objective of this research was to determine ratio of shear to bending deflection, and the influence of calculation of bending stiffness if shear deflection on the beam with certain dimension and length of span is calculated.

Anticancer Activity and Chemical Compounds of Suren Heartwood Extract (Toona sureni) Rita K Sari; Wasrin Syafii; Suminar A Achmadi; Muhammad Hanafi; Yanotama T Laksana
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The aims of this research were to determine the yield extracts from continuous extraction of suren heatwood (Toona sureni) in n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents, to evaluate this extracts using in vitro anticancer tests (antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality test /BSLT, antiproliferative effects to HeLa servical cancer cell lines, Raji limphoma cancer cell lines, and Vero normal cell lines), and to analyze the best extract based on the anticancer activities. This experiment showed that the yield of methanolic, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts were 0.43%, 0.25%, and 0.18% respectively. The methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts had the high antioxidant activities with EC50 51 and 68 μg ml-1 respectively. Based on BSLT, the ethyl acetate extract was the most active extract (LC50 40 μg ml-1), it followed by the methanolic extract (LC50 116 68 μg ml-1 ), and the n-hexane extract (LC50 161 68 μg ml-1). Further testing showed that the ethyl acetate extract had high antiproliferative effects to Raji (IC50 31 μg ml-1) and HeLa (IC50 65 μg ml-1), but it was more secure against Vero cell lines (IC50 105 μg ml-1). Whereas compounds such as catechol, linalool, and sitosterol contributed to the high anticancer activities of this ethyl acetate extract.Key words: anticancer activity, HeLa cell lines, Raji cell lines, Toona sureni, Vero cell lines

Perubahan Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Panel Zephyr Bambu setelah Uji Pelapukan Cuaca The Change of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Zephyr Bamboo Panel after Exposed to Out-door Weathering Mohamad Gopar; Yanni Sudiyani
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 2 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of zephyr bamboo panel after exposed to outdoor weathering for 12 months. The zephyr bamboo panel is bamboo board which was made from crushed bamboo in bamboo-crushing machine to produce zephyr, the panel was made for exterior type, and the thickness was 18 mm. The adhesive used was phenol formaldehyde (PF) and urea formaldehyde (UF) with resin content of 17% to dry weight bamboo. Isocyanate was applied to face layer of some panels. The result shows that the properties of zephyr bamboo panel produced by PF resin and layered with Isocyanate was better than panel of UF only. After 12 months exposure, the properties include the weight, density, thickness swelling and modulus of rupture (MOR) were reduced. Zephyr panel produced by UF shows the highest reduced properties, while zephyr panel produced by PF still maintained the properties which were met the JIS A 5908 for particleboards

Page 16 of 32 | Total Record : 316

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