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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Sifat Kimia dan Warna Kayu Teras Jati pada Tiga Umur Berbeda Chemical and Colour Properties of Teak Heartwood from Three Different Ages Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) wood has gained its high reputation for natural durability, weather resistance, and appearance. The heartwood quality of 15, 25, and 72-year-old teak trees from forest plantation was assessed in relation to chemical and colour properties. With tree age, an increasing tendency was found in the ethanol-benzene and water soluble extractive contents, whereas a decreasing tendency was observed in the pH value. Furthermore, from the ethanol-benzene components, the contents of tectoquinone, squalene, and total quinone increased with age. With regard to the colour properties, the brightness (L*), yellowness (b*), hue (h), and chroma (C*) levels tended to decrease while the redness (a*) level fluctuated with tree age

Heartwood Proportion and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Three Diameter Class of Gelam Wood (Melaleuca sp) from Central Kalimantan Wahyu Supriyati; Tibertius A Prayitno; Soemardi Soemardi; Sri M Marsoem
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Gelam wood commonly use for house pole in peatswamp land of Central Kalimantan. However increasing the utilization of gelam wood lead to harvest a small diameter of trees. This research aims to study the percentage of heartwood, physical mechanical properties of gelam wood of different diameter class.Keyword: diameter class, gelam wood, heart wood, physical mechanical properties

Komponen Kimia Cangkang Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Sifat Beton Ringan Chemical Components of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Shell and Its Effect on Light Concrete Performance Bambang Subiyanto; Hasan Basri; Linda Nurmala Sari; Triastuti Triastuti; Yetvi Rosalita
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 1 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Recently, plenty of waste of oil palm shell as a lignocellulosic organic material was obtained due to increasing plantation of oil palm trees. However, utilization of oil palm shell still not optimally done and it has low economic value. In some countries, the lignocellulosic waste becomes a problem because it pollutes the environment. Many researches showed that oil palm waste can be used in several necessity products, such as, oil palm shell for active charcoal, stem and empty bunch for paper pulp, stem oil palm for furniture and particleboard. One of utilization of oil palm shell is as raw material for light weight concrete to replace sand; however, the mechanical properties were lower than standard.The purpose of this paper is to analyze chemical component of oil palm shell which affected the low mechanical properties of concrete made from oil palm shell. In this experiment, the oil palm shell, cement and sand were used as raw materials, then chemicals component of shell were analyzed from the shell that take from concrete made of oil palm shell. The percentage of shell to sand for making concrete was varied of 0%, 50%, and 100%. Then the shell was separated from the concrete, and chemical components were analyzed such as water content, ethanol benzene extraction with ratio 1 : 2, the solubility in hot water and cold water, lignin content, holocellulose content, and the strength of concrete. All of the testing was performed in 7 days and 28 days with two treatments to concrete (soaking in water at room temperature and keep in wet condition).The result of the experiments showed that the maximum composition of oil palm shell which used as filler of concrete is 50%; it gives impact strength nearly the same as concrete of control. The chemical component of extractive substance (fat) gives some influence to the compression strength of concrete

Anatomical Structure of Surian Wood (Toona sinensis Roem) Atmawi Darwis; Imam Wahyudi; Ratih Damayanti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Surian wood (Toona sinensis Roem) is one species of wood that is easily found in Indonesia, especially in West Java. The purpose of this study was to descriptively and quantitatively observe the anatomical structure of surian wood. The wood was collected from Sumedang regency, West Java. The results showed that this wood had oval to round shaped vessels and some of them contain a reddish brown liquid that causes a characteristic odor due to axial intersellular canals. The vessels were mostly solitary and arranged to follow the pattern of the porous ring. There were septate fibers indicated. Axial parenchyma cells were included in the category of paratracheal vasisentrik and marginal bands in the early wood. The ray composition consists of upright and procumbent cells. In the ray cell, there are prismatic crystals in rhomboidal or octahedral shape. Based on the dimensions of fibers, this wood has first-class fiber quality for pulp and paper.Key words: anatomical structure, fiber dimension, fiber quality, Toona sinensis

Pengaruh Sodium Hidroksida dan Hidrogen Peroksida terhadap Rendemen dan Warna Pulp dari Serat Daun Nenas The Effect of Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide on the Yield and Color of Pulp from Pineapple Leaf Fiber Holia Onggo; Jovita Tri Astuti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Chemical pulping process of pineapple leaf fiber with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and bleaching process of pulp with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were conducted to see the influence of treatment on the yield and the color of the pulp produced. Raw materials were cayenne type pineapple leaf of 6~7 months old from Subang, West Java. Color was measured with a Portable Color Difference Meter Model CDX-105 with CIE 1976 L*a*b* (CIELAB) method.The result showed that NaOH and H2O2 can be used for bleached pulp making. The pulp yield of the treatment decreased but their lightness of the color increased. The optimum pulp properties were obtained by using 10% NaOH at 100°C and solid to liquid ratio 1:20 at 1 hour cooking time. The yield was 73% and value of L* around 84.6. By using 2% H2O2, the yield decreased 7.6% but the value of L* increased to 92.2. The color of the pulp was white. Value of the different color (DE*ab) compare to the white standard is 8.7. Decreasing of its yield caused by dissolving of lignin, non fiber and pigment.

Ketahanan terhadap Rayap, Sifat Kimia, dan Warna Kayu Jati dari Hutan Rakyat di Kulon Progo (Termite Resistance, Chemical, and Colour Properties of Teak Wood from Community Forests of Kulon Progo) Ganis Lukmandaru; Mauidlotul Hasanah; Nuridha I Retnaningrum
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

woods from community forests are harvested at young stage with high sapwood proportion. The aim of this study was to measure the variation of termite resistance, chemical, and colour properties for teak wood from two site (Temon dan Kalibawang) with different ecological conditions in Kulon Progo and it is compared to mature woods from Perhutani plantation of FMU Madiun. The results showed that wood from community forests and Madiun were not statistically different with regard to the attacks of dry-wood Cryptotermes cynocephalus termites. Against subterranean Cryptotermes cynocephalus termites, wood samples from Kulon Progo were more susceptible particularly the sapwood parts although samples from Kalibawang showed termite resistance similar to termite resistance of Madiun samples in the heartwood region. The gravimetric determination of ethanol-toluene extractive and lignin content resulted no significant effect of site and radial direction factors. Based on colour properties by CIELab system measurements, samples of Kulon Progo community forests exhibited a lighter colour than those of Madiun. A significant correlation was measured between mass loss and extractive content. Mass loss due to subterranean termite attacks in the heartwood part significantly correlated to colour properties (lightness and redness indices).Keywords: colour properties, community forest, extractive content, Tectona grandis, termite resistance

Nondestructive bending strength testing of wood wool cement board from some fast growing species using stress wave velocity method Lina Karlinasari; Muhammad F Ikhsan; Dede Hermawan; Akhiruddin Maddu; Anita Firmanti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The nondestructive testing using stress wave velocity method is known as most important tool to be used in quality control purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the stress wave velocity (SWV) and to determine correlation between its velocity and dynamic MOE on static bending strength properties (MOE and MOR) of wood wool cement particleboards (WWCB). Thirty six WWCB particleboards from 3 tropical fast growing species (Paraserianthes falcataria, Maesopsis eminii, and Acacia mangium) and three different particleboards density of 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 g cm-3 were made in this study. SWV value was determined using stress wave timer and it used to measure dynamic MOE. The measurement results of static bending strength method (MOEs and MOR) and by stress wave method were compared. The result showed the higher density of CBWW the higher of stress wave velocity. The WWCB particleboard of sengon possessed the highest value for both SWV and MOR. The dynamic MOE measured by stress wave method was about 80% higher than that static test. The good correlations were found between SWV and static MOE, MOR and it was statistically significant for linear regression model developed.Key words: fast growing species, nondestructive testing, static bending strength, stress wave velocity, wood wool cement particleboard

Pengaruh Kondisi Permukaan terhadap Daya Lekat Lapisan Pelindung Andi T. Lestari; I. Wayan Darmawan; Dodi Nandika
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh kondisi permukaan kayu jati Perhutani, pinus dan jati rakyat (penampang radial dan tangensial) terhadap daya lekat bahan lapisan pelindung permukaan. Contoh uji diampelas dan diukur tingkat kekasarannya (Ra) menggunakan roughness tester TR200. Water repellent (WR), bahan pengawet, cat dan kombinasinya dilaburkan pada permukaan kayu. Pengujian keterbasahan dilakukan dengan pengukuran sudut kontak (contact angle) antara cairan dan permukaan contoh uji. Sudut kontak tersebut diukur menggunakan Motic Images Plus (MIP) versi 2.0. Nilai sudut kontak statis ditentukan menggunakan program PROC NLIN dari SAS. Nilai Ra bervariasi antara 2,51-5,80 m. Penampang radial memiliki nilai Ra yang lebih kecil dari penampang tangensial. Jati rakyat dan pinus menghasilkan nilai Ra yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jati Perhutani. WR menghasilkan sifat keterbasahan yang rendah dengan sudut kontak statisnya mencapai 134o. Sifat keterbasahan bahan pengawet tinggi dengan sudut kontak statis 8,92o. Kombinasi antara cat dan WR, serta cat dan bahan pengawet menghasilkan daya lekat yang paling kuat dibandingkan dengan kombinasi antara cat, bahan pengawet, dan WR. Daya lekat lapisan pelindung permukaan kayu jati rakyat relatif sama dengan kayu pinus, namun daya lekat keduanya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jati Perhutani.

Sifat Kimia Kayu Jati (Tectona grandis) pada Laju Pertumbuhan Berbeda (Chemical Properties of Teak Wood on Different Growth-rates) Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Chemical properties of 32 teak woods representing 3 different diameter classes (slow, medium, and fast growth-rate) at the same age class were evaluated. The content of cell wall component and extractives of outer heartwood part were determinated according to ASTM and TAPPI standard. The extractives components of wood were characterized by Gas-Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry (GC-MS). By analysis of variance, there was not significant difference among the growth-rate in the content of holocellulose, α-cellulose, pentosan, Klason lignin, acid soluble lignin, ash, and hot-water soluble extractives. The diameter class significantly affected the ethanol-benzene soluble extractives which faster growth-rate trees tend to have higher values than those of slower growth-rate trees. However, based on GC and GC-MS, there was not significant differences in the levels of major components of ethanol-benzene extracts both of quinones (deoxylapachol and its isomer, lapachol, tectoquinone, and tectol) and non-quinones (palmitic acid and squalene).

Characteristics of Soda Pulp from Distilled Vetiver Root Firda A Syamani; Subyakto Subyakto; Sukardi Sukardi; Ani Suryani
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Cellulose was commonly extracted from wood and other lignocellulosic materials such as leaf, straw, bast, or grass. There is no report found on extraction of cellulose from root plant yet. Industrially, the root of vetiver is distilled to obtain its essential oil. In this study, the distilled vetiver root was soda pulped and the resulted pulp was characterized by the use of X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. Response surface methodology with central composite design was used to investigate the influence of delignification on the chemical properties of pulp. Soda pulping was carried out at 160 – 180 oC for 1 – 3 hrs with 20 – 40% of alkali charge. Severe process conditions were required to achieve a significant degree of delignification. Pulping at 180 oC for 3 hours with alkali charge of 40% decreased the lignin content of pulp from 39.53% to 4.47%.Keywords: FT-IR analysis, soda pulping, vetiver root, X-ray diffraction

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