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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 316 Documents

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Studi Pengembangan Konstruksi Rumah Kayu Sistem Bongkar Pasang Berdasarkan Konsep Struktur Kayu Tradisional Sumatera Selatan The Study of Knock Down Timber Construction House Based on the Concept of South Sumatra Timber House Structure Ari Siswanto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 2 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research is based on the existence of South Sumatra traditional timber structure which is characterized by knock down houses and spread out in many regions in the form of traditional houses. The local knowledge in the form of timber house is ancestors inheritage which proves to be adaptive to environment and local culture. Knock-down timber house is home industry of the people who live in Tanjung Batu which is widely known and marketed but still has some technical weaknesses.This research focuses on designing knock-down timber house which is based on the concept of interlocking techniques, without nails, using timber with 4 meters long and planning a manual for setting up timber house. The implementation of the research is constructing a timber house with 1: 2 scales. Detail and timber join of 1 : 2 scales is very difficult because timber dimension is too small. However, knock down implementation can be done in a good manner.Knock-down timber house with interlocking techniques can be set up without nails and uses timber efficiently and set up it systematically by manual as a guidance. Consumers of knock-down timber house are expected to be able to erect the house by themselves, so it reduces the erection cost

Stiffness Prediction of 17 Years Aged Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd) By Non-Destructive Testing Dwi J Priyono; Surjono Surjokusumo; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Naresworo Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Non-destructive test of mechanical properties of wood is an alternative methode which it is done without damaging the wood. The study tried to find the relationship between wood stiffness through non-destructive with MoE estimation. The 17 years mangium wood beam were tested both in the sorts of sample beam and small clear specimen. Beams were tested by ultrasonic wave propagation using Sylvatest- Duo NDT equipment and Panter Timber Sorting Machine, while destructive testing using Shimadzu UTM. The small clear specimen tested using Sylvatest-Duo equipment, while it’s destructive using Instron UTM. Destructive test were according to ASTM D 143-94 (2008) for the small clear specimen (scs), while ASTM D 198-05a (2008) applied for the beam samples. The results showed that the scs sample with 14.7% moisture content and density of 0.61 gr cm-3 have ultrasonic wave propagation velocity (V) of 5,764 m s-1, the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MoEd) and static (MoEs) each for 243,933 and 104,004 kg cm-2, while the value of static flexural strength (MoRs) was 889 kg cm-2. For the beam sorts with 15.4% moisture content and density of 0.58 g cm-3 has a velocity of ultrasonic waves propagation at 4,944 m s-1, the value of MoEd and MoEs respectively 167,357 and 51,780 kg cm-2, while the value of MoRs was 449 kg cm-2. The beam MoRs and MoEs values which resulted by Panter (called MoEp and MoRp) were 146,756 and 538 kg cm-2 respectively. Through simple linear regression equations were discovered relationships on eight prediction equations that can be considered good to use.Key words: beams, MoE-dynamic, MoE-static, non-destructive testing, prediction equation, small clear specimen.

Development of Testing Frame for Diagonal Shear Test of Composite Panels and Engineered Wood Products Jauhar Fajrin
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This paper reports the development of a testing frame for diagonal in-plane shear test of composite panels and engineered wood products. The study was divided into two subsequent experimental works. The first experiment was conducted by assessing several frame configurations with small-scale frame test. The second experimental work was conducted by applying the selected frame obtained from the first stage experiment to assess the in-plane shear performance of medium density fibre (MDF) board. The result shows that the developed testing frame has been able to generate a pure shear mechanism which is extremely important in the investigation of in-plane shear behaviour of composite panels and engineered wood products. Other important findings are includes; 1) frame with pin at all four corners and the tested panel located in between the upper and bottom frame and connected with bolts is the best choice for inducing in-plane shear mechanism, 2) the developed frame that has all four corners pin-jointed using bolts to obtain free-movement to vertical and horizontal directions works better than those with only two pin-jointed corner at the top and bottom corners that formerly developed by other reseachers.

Tinjauan Penelitian Terkini tentang Pemanfaatan Komposit Serat Alam untuk Komponen Otomotif Review on Current Research on Utilization of Natural Fiber Composites for Automotive Components Subyakto Subyakto; Mohamad Gopar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Automotive industries now are targeting their components to become “green composites” which are environmentally friendly, renewable, biodegradable, recyclable, light, and strong. Natural fibers have potential to use as substitute for material composites traditionally used by automotive industries such as fiber glass, carbon fiber and aramid that are non renewable, non degradable and non recyclable. Therefore the use of synthetic fibers should be reduced. European End of Live program required that in 2015 all new cars should be recyclable. Composites reinforced with natural fibers will play important role as automotive materials. Some advantages of natural fibers compare to synthetic fibers are renewable, biodegradable, recyclable, non toxic to human and environment, low density, better specific mechanical properties, non abrasive to tools, and lower cost. Utilization of natural fibers can reduced car weight up to 30%, and energy to produce natural fibers is lower compare to glass fibers.Natural fiber resource, their characteristics and current research on their utilization for automotive components were reviewed. Hopefully it will stimulate and raise the research on utilization of natural fibers in Indonesia, especially for high value products such as automotive components

Bioactivity Test of Mindi Extractives (Melia azedarach Linn) Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Wasrin Syafii; Rita K Sari; Siti Maemunah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The aims of this research were to determine the yield of extracts from continuous extraction of heartwood, sapwood, inner bark, branch, and leave of Toona sinensis in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents and their bioactivity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) was evaluated. The results indicated that the yield of leave, inner bark, branch, heartwood, and sapwood extracts were 11.0, 6.7, 1.9, 1.6, and 1.6%, respectively. The highest yield of extracts was obtained from extraction in ethyl acetate (16.1%), followed by methanol (3.5%), and n-hexane (3.1%). The BSLT tests showed that the ethyl acetate extracts of all tree parts have higher bioactivities (LC50 1-52 μg ml-1) than the n-hexane extracts (LC50 40-181 μg ml-1), and the methanolic extracts (LC50 49-1375 μg ml-1). The ethyl acetate extract from inner bark has the highest bioactivity (LC50 μg ml-1). The qualitative analysis detect the ethyl acetate extract from inner bark containing saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and glycosides.Key words: Artemia salina, bioactivity, brine shrimp lethality test, Toona sinensis

Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Pengempaan pada Pembuatan Papan Partikel dari Batang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dengan Perekat Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) terhadap Sifat Papan Partikel Influence of Temperature and Pressing Time on Particleboard Processing from Palm Oil Trunk (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) Adhesive on Particleboard Properties Anwar Kasim; Yumarni Yumarni; Ahmad Fuadi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 1 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Studi on the utilization of Palm oil trunk for particleboard with Gambir as adhesive was conducted in order to know the influence of temperature and pressing time to particleboard properties. Experiments were analyzed by factorial with completely randomized design in 4 temperatures (140ºC, 145ºC, 150ºC and 155ºC) and 4 pressing times (10 min., 12.5 min., 15 min., and 17.5 min.). Particleboard was tested for density, moisture content, water absorption, modulus of rupture, compression strength parallel to the surface and internal bond. Result showed that temperature and pressing time and their interaction have significant influenced to the moisture content while pressing temperature have influenced to the density and modulus of rupture of the particleboard. On the other hand, temperature and pressing time have not significant influenced to water absorption, compression strength parallel to the surface and internal bond. The entire particleboard properties were met Indonesian Standard except water absorption which relatively higher. Optimal condition was attained by combination of pressing temperature of 150ºC and pressing time of 15 min., where the density was 0.77g/cm3, moisture content was 7.60%, water absorption was 56.98%, modulus of rupture was 147 kg/cm2, compression strength to the surface was 68.85kg/cm2 and internal bond was 8.26 kg/cm2.

Extractive Composition of Mangium Wood (Acacia mangium) Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this research is to find out the extractive composition of mangium wood. A total of 25 mangium trees (24-years) from 5 provenances (Sidei Papua, West of Morehead, Daintree, Ellerbeck, Red Cardwell, and El Arish) were investigated. The extractive contents were determined by successive soxhlet extraction in two solvents (n-hexane and methanol). The results showed that the effect of provenance factor is not significant by analysis of variance. The range of n-hexane extracts were 1-6% which the highest value was obtained in the heartwood whereas methanol extracts ranged from 3-18% as the highest value was measured in the bark. In the n-hexane extracts based, neutral fractions dominated (80-95%) the composition the sapwood and heartwood. After saponification, the similar tendency was also observed which the unsaponifiables (60-80%) composed the most part in the neutral fraction of sapwood and heartwood. In the methanol extracts based, residue fractions (55-65%) composed the most part in the bark while dichloromethane fractions were comparatively high (30-41%) in the sapwood parts. In the heartwood, buthanol and residue fractions dominated (15-77%) in considerable varied patterns. Differences due to provenance factor was also observed, both in the n-hexane and methanol extract fractions.Key words: Acacia mangium, extractives, provenance, radial direction

Ketahanan Kayu terhadap Serangan Rayap Tanah dengan Perlakuan Garam Metal The Subterranean Termites Resistance of Metal-Salt Treated Wood Sulaeman Yusuf; Takeshi Furuno
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Treatment of wood with a boron compound (inorganic substance) having both fire and biological resistance, dimensional stability and other features has been studied. In this experiment, borax and metal-salt treated wood were studied to evaluate the termite resistance. The water-saturated wood specimens were first impregnated by a saturated borax solution and then diffuse-penetrated with Zn and Cu. The second specimens were impregnated with colloidal silica and evaluated the effect of wood treatment by subterranean termites.The results indicated that colloidal-silica and methaborate-salt showed generally good termite resistance with negligible mass loss of specimens

Kualitas Minyak Kayu Putih Hasil Penyulingan Daun Asteromyrtus symphiocarpa pada Musim Hujan dan Kering (The Quality of Cajuput Oil Distilled from the Leaves of Asteromyrtus symphiocarpa on Rainy and Dry Season) Ary Widiyanto; Aji Winara; Edy Junaidi; Mohamad Siarudin; Yonky Indrajaya
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Wasur National Park, located in Merauke Regency, Papua, has various vegetation that could potentially yield cajuput oil, particularly those originated from Myrtaceae family. Among those are Asteromyrtus symphiocarpa. This research aimed to analysis the quality of cajuput oil distilled from the leaves of A. symphiocarpa. Initially, some amounts of leaves sample were plucked, either in the rainy and dry season. The distillation took place in the batch kettle, and each batch was charged of 12 kg of each fresh leaves. The distillation lasted for 4-5 hours, and every 30 minutes, the distilled oil was collected cumulatively. The cajuput oil from the leaves plucked on rainy season afforded the yield of 0.16%, specific gravity of 0.943, refractive index of 1.462, solubility in alcohol 1:1, optical rotations -5.2, and cineole content of 68%. Meanwhile, the corresponding value from those plucked in dry season were 0.33%, 0.912, 1.459, 1:1, -2.1, and 80%, respectively. The qualities of the overall cajuput oil from A. symphiocarpa leaves could satisfy the SNI 06-3954-2006 and belonged the main (U) class. With higher yield and greater cineole content, the cajuput oil obtained from the dry season’s leaves exhibited better qualities; hence it is more potential to be developed commercially.Keywords: Asteromyrtus symphiocarpa leaf, cajuput oil, dry season, rainy seasons.

Fiber and Chemical Characteristics of Branchwoods of Three Meranti Species Danang S Adi; Lucky Risanto; Ika Wahyuni; Sukma S Kusumah; Wahyu Dwianto; Taka Hayashi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The fiber and chemical characteristics of branchwoods of three meranti species namely meranti sangkan, meranti bakau, and meranti bunga kulit hitam from Bukit Batu Peat Swamp Forest, Riau were observed. The aim of this research was to discover the potential utilization of these three meranti species based on their characteristic. The result showed that holocellulose contents of meranti sangkan, meranti bakau, and meranti bunga kulit hitam were 72.97%, 75.28%, and 69.88%, whereas the α-cellulose contents were 43.55%, 51.14%, and 43.25%, respectively. meranti sangkan had the highest lignin content (35.99%) followed by meranti bakau (34.21%) and meranti bunga kulit hitam (32.18%). meranti Bunga kulit Hitam had the highest extractive content (2.24%) followed by meranti sangkan (1.66%) and meranti bakau (1.08). Furthermore, the fiber length of meranti bunga kulit hitam, meranti sangkan, and meranti and meranti Hitam were 1475.45 μm, 1475.45 μm, 1442.62 μm, and 1205.23 μm, respectively. The values of fiber derivative of the three meranti species were slightly differ from class I, except for felting power that was classified in class III. The result also showed that the branchwoods of the three meranti species are suitable for pulp and paper raw material.Key words: fiber and chemical properties, meranti bakau, meranti sangkan, meranti bunga kulit hitam, peat swamp forest

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