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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Articles 176 Documents

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PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH CENDAWAN DI PERTANAMAN RAKYAT DAERAH BREBES Eka Widiyarti; Purnomowati Purnomowati; Eddy Tri Sucianto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.3.552

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the horticultural commodities which highly developed and cultivated in Brebes. Brebes contributed to fulfill up to 23% to the national needs. But, its production decreased 0.87% annually. The intensification of shallot production faced many problems, especially the diseases caused by the pathogenic fungi causing the low crop production. We conducted this study during the period of May–October 2012. The purpose of this study was to find out the type of pathogenic fungi and to determine the diseases including the dominant disease on shallot crops in Brebes. The research was a survey, and a diagonally purposive sampling technique applied at five different locations. We identified the plant diseases based on identification key books of the Penyakit-Penyakit Tanaman Hortikultura and the Plant Disease Handbook as references. We described the diseases according to the signs and symptoms followed by the isolation of pathogenic fungi that cause disease. The pathogenic fungi identification was completed using the Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi, the Compedium of Soil Fungi, and the Pengenalan Kapang Tropik Umum as references. This study found three diseases in shallot crops, i.e., Fusarium tuber rot, Aspergillus tuber rot and Curvularia leaf spot. The dominant shallot crop disease was the Curvularia leaf spot.

THE MONITORING OF MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP FOR THE PERIOD OF 2009 AND 2015 Steni Dwiyanti Koswara; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Edy Yani
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Over-exploitation and land-use conversion into aquaculture ponds have damaged the mangrove ecosystem. The extreme environment condition resulting in sedimentation led to the reduction of lagoon area and eventually of mangrove vegetation community. It was, therefore, necessary to conduct sustainable mangrove management through the monitoring system. Changes in the mangrove community were monitored periodically by evaluating width changes and land cover distribution. This study aimed to monitor the structure of mangrove community and changes occurring for the period of 2009 and 2015 by applying the purposive sampling method. The samples were mangrove vegetation community at several different locations. The samples were taken from nine stations with three replicates. There were 14 species of mangrove from six families. Mangrove trees were mostly found in the western area, while mangrove sapling and seedling mostly found in the east. Most of the stations showed a moderate level of diversity index and good productivity except station four. Mangrove forest in Segara Anakan had significant changes from 2009 up to 2015 due to the reduction of mangrove diversity.

PHYTATE ACTIVITY OF THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM SULILI HOT SPRINGS IN PINRANG DISTRICT SOUTH SULAWESI Hafsan Hafsan; Nurjannah Nurjannah; Cut Muthiadin; Isna Rasdianah Aziz; Ahyar Ahmad; Laily Agustina; Asmuddin Nasir
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.3.819

This study aimed to determine the optimum temperature and pH of the phytase activity produced by isolate of thermophilic bacteria from Sulili hot springs in the district Pinrang south sulawesi. This is a descriptive research, that measure of phytase activity by treated the variation of temperature and pH. The various of temperature has eight levels ie 20; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; and 90oC, the pH treatments consists of eight levels ie 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8 and 9. Phytase activity was determined by converting the Na-phytate absorbance values produced by phytase enzyme against Na-phytate standard curve. One unit of phytate enzyme activity is defined as the amount of enzyme capable of hydrolysed Na-phytate and produce a peptide which is equivalent to one mole of tyrosine per minute under the conditions of analysis. The results of studies have shown that there is a significant effect of temperature on the phytase activity of Bacillus coagulans, thermophilic bacteria from Sulili hot springs, whereas no significant effect of pH treatment. Optimum phytase activity of B. coagulans are at 60°C and pH 7 ie 6.11 units/ mL.

KEMAMPUAN TANAMAN GLODOGAN Polyalthia longifolia SONN. SEBAGAI PENEDUH JALAN DALAM MENGAKUMULASI Pb UDARA BERDASARKAN RESPON ANATOMIS DAUN DI PURWOKERTO Rizqi Dwi Ardyanto; Slamet Santoso; Siti Samiyarsih
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Polyalthia longifolia is a plant that used as a roadside in Purwokerto. This study aimed to determine the ability of the plant P. longifolia in the air and accumulate Pb anatomic response to the Pb concentration in the leaves of P. longifolia. The methods of research used survey methods. Roadside plant leaf samples were taken by purposived sampling at six locationsmain street in Purwokerto, there are Jenderal Soedirman, Dr. Soeparno, HR. Bunyamin, Commisioner Bambang Soeprapto and Gerilya. The independent variable was the ambient air Pb and Pb leaf was the dependent variable. The main parameters investigated were air Pb concentrations, Pb leaves, stomata anatomical characters and thick mesophyll tissue. Parameter support was the traffic density. The results showed that the highest concentration of Pb in the air with a concentration of 0.1020 μg/m3 per hour on Gerilya street and the lowest in DR. Soeparno street with concentrations of 0.0048 μg/m3 per hour, it can be concluded that an ambient air Pb in six study sites are still under ambient air quality in Central Java, which is 2 μg/m3 per 24 hours. Leaf Pb concentration was highest in HR. Bunyamin street with a concentration of 0.4980 ± 0.004 ppm and lows in the DR. Soeparno street with concentrations of 0.2786 ± 0.008 ppm. Pb accumulated in leaves affects the density, length, and width of stomata and mesophyll tissue thickness P. longifolia. Pb concentrations was not correlate with the leaf Pb concentration P. longifolia. Pb concentrations of leaves of P. longifolia is closely linked with decreasing density of stomata and mesophyll tissue thickness but not related to the length and width of the stomata.

AKTIVITAS TRIPSIN-LIKE DAN KIMOTRIPSIN-LIKE PADA IKAN SIDAT TROPIK Anguilla bicolor McClelland Annisa Fitri Larassagita; Hana Hana; Untung Susilo
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The ability of eel (Anguilla bicolor McClelland) to digest feed protein is highly dependent on the alkaline proteases in the intestine which are trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like. Information on the trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities is needed to understand the digestive capacity of eels to ingest feed proteins. However, the information on this subject is insufficient. This research aimed to determine the activity of trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like of eel on the different body weight and incubation temperature. Three groups of eel stadia were selected to represent different body weight, i.e., elver, yellow eel, and pre-silver stadia, and three different enzyme incubation temperatures of 30, 40, and 50°C was applied. The trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activity were measured using a spectrophotometry method. The results showed the activities of trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like were significantly different between the body size and the intestine segment (P < 0.05). The highest trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities were found in the elver stadia approximately 41.25 ± 0.898 g, in the anterior part of the intestine (P < 0.05). The incubation temperatures were not differed significantly (P > 0.05). This study showed the eel had a higher digestive capacity of protein at elver stadium, mainly occur in the anterior part of the intestine, whereas, the temperature ranges from 30 to 50°C had no significant effect on the enzyme activities.

PERBEDAAN DOSIS ALUMINIUM SULFAT (TAWAS) TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA DAN KADAR ALUMINIUM DALAM TESTIS MENCIT (Mus Musculus) SWISS WEBSTER Nuraini Hidayah Khasanah; Gratiana Ekaningsih Wijayanti; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study designated to evaluate the quality of reproductive organs system in the form of testicular weight, testicular volume and weight of epididymis; quality of spermatozoa include concentration, viability, motility, and morphology of spermatozoa; and aluminum accumulation in mice testis after administration of different aluminum sulfate dose, i.e., 0, 122,5, 245 and 490 mg/kg bb for 45 days were orally administrated using feeding tube through oral route for 45 days. The next objective is to evaluate the correlation between the doses of aluminum sulfate with each variable, as well as to assess the most influential doses of aluminum sulfate in reducing testicular weight and volume, epididymal weight, concentration, viability, motility, and morphology of cauda epididymal spermatozoa and increasing aluminum levels in testes Mice. The results showed that aluminum sulfate did not significantly (p>0.05) decrease testicular weight, testicular volume, epididymal weight, concentration and viability of spermatozoa, but significantly (p<0.05) decreased spermatozoa motility at doses of 245 and 490 mg/kg bb and reduce the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology at 490 mg/kg BW. The decrease of motility and percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology is inversely proportional to the dose of aluminum sulfate each with the value of r = -0.034 and r = -457. Administration of aluminum sulfate for 45 days did not increase aluminum levels in the testes of mice. The use of aluminum sulfate in food processing or drinking water is still safe for human reproductive health.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MIKROBA EFEKTIF PRODUKTIF PLUS (MEP+) PADA MEDIUM BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA YANG DIBERI PAKAN FERMENTATIF TERHADAP KEPADATAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT Nita Wulandari; Sukanto Sukanto; Endang Widyastuti
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Microbes Effective Productive Plus (MEP+) in fish culture has role as probiotics and decomposer. Application of MEP+ is done by adding MEP+ on culture medium of Tilapia and fish feed. Fish feed is fermentative feed with addition of different concentration of cassava peel flour. The aim of this research were to find out the influence of MEP+ administration in culture medium and in fermentative feed with addition cassava peel flour on the increasing density of lactic acid bacteria in culture medium and find out the highest density of lactic acid bacteria. The research was done experimentally, used Complete Randomized Design with treatment of MEP+ administration in culture medium with fermentative feed cassava peel flour addition of 25%, 50%, 75% and without MEP+ administration on culture medium with fermentative feed cassava peel flour addition of 25%. The data obtained were analyzed using a variety analysis. The result showed that MEP+ administration on culture medium and in fermentative feed cassava peel flour addition did not influence the increasing density of lactic acid bacteria and total density of lactic acid bacteria in culture medium was not different inter treatment.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN DI SUNGAI BATANG GADIS MANDAILING NATAL SUMATERA UTARA Yusni Atifah; Fitri Agustina Lubis
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Batang Gadis River, located in Mandailing Natal, faces a severe threat by the increase of human activities along the river. The fish community, as well as other biotas, is exposed to reducing environmental condition. Therefore, the study of fish community in this river is essential to get the most recent condition as a baseline data. The purpose of this research was to determine the species diversity of fish in Batang Gadis River of Mandailing Natal. This research used a descriptive exploratory method by surveying with purposive sampling method to collect samples at four specified stations. This study used a fishing net with a zig-zag pattern of sampling covered the river bank for about 200–300m at each observation station. The collected fish samples were identified at the Biology Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan. This study found ten species of fish from five families. The family with the most significant members was Cyprinidae (6 species), and the other families, Bagridae, Clariidae, Nemachelidae, and Loricariidae, were found with only one species. The species diversity comprised of Rasbora lateristriata, Nemacheilus fasciatus, Mystacoleucus marginatus, Tor tambra, Cyprinus carpio, Clarias bathracus, Rasbora argyrotaenia , Barbonymus gonionotus, Puntius binotatus, Bagrus nemurus, and Pterygoplichthys pardalis. The fish population of Batang Gadis River has diversity index (H’) of 1.77 and similarity index (E) of 0.77.

HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS PENYAKIT KARAT DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS BERBEDA Maman Maman; Juni Safitri Muljowati; Rochmatino Rochmatino
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The severity of plant disease is closely related to the development of the disease itself, including rusts caused by pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to determine the difference of rusts disease severity and to determine the correlation between rusts disease severity with the productivity of different varieties of soybean. The material used was inoculum of rusts pathogenic fungi, Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., and four varieties of soybean, i.e., Slamet, Lokon, Bromo, and Ringgit. This research was a split-plot design experimental with subplot was four different varieties of soybean, and the main plot was the control without the treatment of inoculation (In0). The spores suspension density of inoculum of P. pachyrhizi Syd applied was 104 spores/ml (In1). The main parameters observed in this study were the height of plants, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, the wet and dry weight of the plant, and the total weight of 100 grains seed. The supporting parameters were the disease severity, the soil acidity, the humidity, and the air temperature. The results showed the plant with lowest rusts disease severity was Slamet variety (18,38%), and the highest was Ringgit variety (35,92%). The correlation test showed the increment of rusts disease severity reduced the number of pods and dry weight of the plant in Lokon variety.

LEUKOCYTE DIFFERENTIAL OF ANGUILLID EEL, Anguilla bicolor McClelland, EXPOSED TO VARIED SALINITIES Fita Fatimah; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Eko Setio Wibowo
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The anguillid eel is a catadromous eel capable of inhabiting freshwater growth habitat and seawater spawning habitat throughout their life cycle. At the juvenile to mature stage, they inhabit freshwater then migrate to marine water to spawn. Changes in salinity, which is one of the stressful environmental factors for the eel, affect their physiological condition by increasing the leukocytes number. This increase is an adaptation method to improve their immune system as a response to salinity change. This study intended to evaluate the leukocyte differential of anguillid eel (Anguilla bicolor McClelland) exposed to various salinities. This research applied a Completely Randomized Design. The treatment was three levels of saline media including 4 ppt, 15 ppt, and 30 ppt with five replicates. The independent variable was the different salinity, and the dependent variable was the leukocyte differential. The parameters measured consisted of the different percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils in which the measurements administered after two months of the eel exposure. We analyzed the data with ANOVA at the confidence level of 95%. The results showed that exposure of salinity significantly affected the percentage of leukocyte differential (P < 0.05). The increase in salinity decreased the neutrophils and monocytes, but increased the lymphocytes, and showed no effect on eosinophils.

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