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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Articles 176 Documents

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HUBUNGAN PERBANDINGAN TOTAL NITROGEN DAN TOTAL FOSFOR DENGAN KELIMPAHAN CHRYSOPHYTA DI PERAIRAN WADUK PANGLIMA BESAR SOEDIRMAN, BANJARNEGARA Faralenggi DM Putri; Endang Widyastuti; Christiani Christiani
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) affect the growth of phytoplankton in the waters. Nitrogen is an important part in forming protein in organisms, while phosphorus is the most essential element for growth and contributes in protein formation and cell metabolism in organisms. The activities from the catchment area that enter into the P.B Soedirman Reservoir can affect both concentration of N and P. The comparison total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) is the limiting factor to affect the growth of phytoplankton. Chrysophyta is one of division from phytoplankton that has function as an important component in the food chain and become as natural feed for fish. This research showed the abundance of Chrysophyta, relations of TN with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta; TN, TP, TN/TP with the abundance Chrysophyta in the P.B Soedirman Reservoir, Banjarnegara Regency. This research used survey method with purposive sampling technique on 7 observation stations with 3 repeating. The relation of TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta were analyzed used correlation regression - correlation analyzis. The results of the research showed that total abundance Chrysophyta was between 339-9570 ind/l, relation between TN/TP with the abundance of Chrysophyta with the degree was weak to very strong correlation. The most affection correlation was shown by of TN, TP, TN/TP collectively with the abundance of Chrysophyta with coefficient value (r) of 0,890 with the strength of the relation of 79,3%. The regression analysis of TN, TP, TN/TP collectively with the abundance of Chrysophyta was shown by the equation Y= – 80987,801 – 8499,931TN + 1,684TP + 406,373TN/TP.

COMPATIBILITY OF INSECTICIDES WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI Beauveria bassiana AND Metarhizium anisopliae Azhar Faturohman Abidin; Nuraeni Ekowati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Insecticide use has produced negative impact by affecting the non-target predatory organisms in nature, one of which is the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Interactions occur, however, between insecticides and the entomopathogens. The combination of insecticides at a low dose and an entomopathogenic fungus can work synergistically to increase pest insect mortality. This combination is particularly advantageous because it decreases the insecticide dose applied, reduces environmental contamination, and decreases pest resistance. The study purpose was to determine the compatible working insecticide dose and the entomopathogenic fungi B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The experimental design applied completely randomized design consisting of 15 treatments and four replicates. There were five types of insecticides with three different doses each (0.5 × Dose of Field (DF), 1 × DF, and 2 × DF), whereas the fungal isolates included B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The parameters observed were the germination percentage of conidia, the percentage of inhibition, and the number of conidia.ml-1. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (5% error rate). The mean values were analyzed by DMRT p < 0.05. Deltamethrin 0.5 x DF, and imidacloprid 0.5 x DF demonstrated the highest conidial germination in B. basiana and M. anisopli, respectively. Insecticides showing the highest vegetative growth on B. basiana and M. anisopliae at 7 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF, while at 14 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF and chlorphyrifos 2 x DF, respectively. The highest conidial production of the fungi was triggered by imidacloprid 0.5 x DF. Based on compatibility calculation, imidacloprid 0,5 x DF worked with B. basiana (BI: 67.77) and M. anisopliae (BI: 67.16).

RESISTENSI Klebsiella sp TERHADAP MEROPENEM DI RSUD PROF. DR. MARGONO SOEKARJO PURWOKERTO Afifah Afifah; Tunggul Adi Purwonegoro; IDSAP Peramiarti
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella sp., has become a serious problem in hospitals as one of the main causes of nosocomial infections spread through urine catheterization. Infections of Klebsiella sp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) can lead to significant economic and clinical negative outcome. This study was aimed to determine the sensitivity of ESBL Klebsiella sp. against meropenem as a cause of nosocomial infections in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo hospital. This research obtained urine samples from the urinary catheter of patients hospitalized for at least two days in the surgical ward and intensive care unit. ESBL examination conducted by the initial screen test, meanwhile, sensitivity test to meropenem done by using disk diffusion test. Among the 40 patients examined in this study 7.5% isolates were Klebsiella sp-positive. This research identified five percent of the total patients as ESBL positive with the level of sensitivity against meropenem was revealed as resistant.

PETUNJUK PENULIS dan DAFTAR ISI Romanus Edy Prabowo
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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AKTIVITAS PROTEASE DAN AMILASE PADA IKAN SIDAT Anguilla bicolor McClelland) Mohamad Taufik; Hana Hana; Untung Susilo
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

This study was experimental, conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 x 2 factorial design, and four replicates have been carried out to evaluate the protease and amylase activities of Anguilla bicolor McClelland. A total of 71 individuals divided into three weight groups were used in this study. The first group with an average weight of 41.25 ± 0.898 g consisted of 51 eels, the second with an average weight of 319.8 ± 4.666 g composed of 14 eels, and the third with a mean weight of 569.5 ± 9.150 g consisted of 6 eels. The results showed the protease activity differed significantly based on eel size and intestinal segment (P ˂ 0.05). This research recorded the highest protease activity was in eels within the smallest weight group (41.25 ± 0.898 g). This study also revealed the protease activity in the anterior intestine was higher than the posterior in all size of eels. The amylase activity did not differ significantly (P>0.05) by eel size and intestinal segment. This study concluded the protein digestion capacity of smaller eels was higher than larger eels, and the protein digestion capacity was greater in the anterior intestine than the posterior intestine. The carbohydrate absorption capacity in eel was not affected by the variety of fish size which indicates no change in the feed category.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KANDUNGAN SILIKA DENGAN KELIMPAHAN DIATOM BENTHIK DI SEPANJANG SUNGAI PELUS KABUPATEN BANYUMAS Siti Umiatun; Carmudi Carmudi; Christiani Christiani
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Silica is an element that is useful to the organism especially Diatoms (Chrysophyta: Bacillariophyceae). The sources of Silica in waters derive from weathering rock-containing silica. Diatoms are a phytoplankton that able to live as a phytobenthos distributed globally in all types of waters. The purpose of this study was to determine; the silica content, the abundance of diatoms, and the relationship between the content of silica and the abundance of diatoms in the Pelus River Banyumas. This research was conducted as a survey and samples were collected using composite sampling technique at 5 stations. Samples were collected three times with 2 weeks intervals. Two main parameters (diatoms abundance and silica content) and ten supporting parameters (temperature, current velocity, pH, DO, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, nitrate, and ortofosfat of waters) were measured. Data of analysis calculated in this study including regression correlation analysis to determine the relationship of the silica content and the abundance of diatoms. The silica concentration in the Pelus River waters varies between 112.48-175.00 mg.l-1 with an average of 146 mg.l-1. The total abundance of benthic diatoms was 44,442 ind.cm-2. The highest diatoms abundance was at station II (11,128 ind.cm-2), the lowest was at Station IV (6,828 ind.cm-2). The relationship between silica contained in the waters and abundance of diatoms indicated by the value of R2 (coefficient of determination) by 0.38 or 38%. The abundance of Diatoms are affected 62% by the available silica in the environment, and the rest 38% e rest are determined by other factors.

KEANEKARAGAMAN UDANG AIR TAWAR (DECAPODA: CARIDEA) DI SUNGAI BATUSUYA, SULAWESI TENGAH, INDONESIA Diky Dwiyanto; Fahri Fahri; Annawaty Annawaty
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Sulawesi is one of the four Greater Sunda Islands characterized by rivers and lakes habitats of freshwater shrimps and prawns with a high degree of endemism. The freshwater shrimp and prawns diversity in the Batusuya river of Donggala is less studied compared to the ancient lakes in the Central Sulawesi area. This study aimed to determine the diversity of freshwater shrimp and prawns of the Batusuya river. The sample was collected in November 2016 using tray net. The study site divided into three sampling stations based on the type of habitat. Nine species of freshwater shrimps and prawns were found, i.e., Macrobrachium australe, M. esculentum, M. horstii, M. lar, M. placidulum, Caridina brevicarpalis, C. gracilipes, C. weberi, and Atyopsis spinipes. Six species were found in all localities including Macrobrachium australe, M. esculentum, M. horstii, M. lar, C. brevicarpalis, and C. gracilipes, while M. placidulum, C. weberi, and A. spinipes were not found in all stations. The highest diversity index (H') was found in the station III indicated freshwater shrimps and prawns favored the environmental conditions of this station. The highest measure of species richness (R) was found in the station I and presumably related to the life cycle of freshwater shrimps and prawns which is amphidromous. The occurrence of nine species of freshwater shrimps and prawns along the Batusuya river indicated the environmental condition of the stream was suitable for most freshwater shrimps and prawns, and the Macrobrachium australe was found as the most abundant species.

PERKEMBANGAN OOSIT INDUK Osteochilus hasselti C.V. YANG DIBERI HORMON ESTRADIOL-17β DAN PAKAN DENGAN KADAR PROTEIN BERBEDA Andri Prajaka Santo; Untung Susilo; Gratiana E Wijayanti
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The availability of fish seed is very important in fish propagation. Good quality of fish seeds were produced by a good brooder which characterized a large number of egg production at spawning. The aims of this research were to evaluate the oocytes development in the hard-lipped Barb (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.) given 17β-estradiol, different percentage of protein in the diet, and their combination. This research was conducted experimentally applying Factorial Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was percentage of protein in the diet consisted of 4 levels namely 25% (P1), 30% (P2), 35% (P3), and 40% (P4), the second factor was dose of 17β-estradiol benzoate (EB) consisted of 3 levels namely 0 µg/kg of body weight (D0), 126 µg/kg of body weight (D1), and 210 µg/kg of body weight (D2), thus there were 12 combinations of treatment with 3 replicates. The results showed that neither of protein proportion or 17β-estradiol affected the proportion of oocytes of any developmental stage (p>0,05) within the first two weeks post spawning. The treatments, however, significantly increased the proportion of oocytes at V3-V5, V6-V7, and post-vitellogenic stages (p<0,05) started at week 4th post spawning. The GSI increased in correlation to the proportions of oocytes at stage ≥ V6 (r=0,701; p<0,01) and the dose of 17β-estradiol (r = 0.357, p <0.05). There was no significant different on GSI amongst the experimental groups. The HSI tend to decrease as the dose of 17β-estradiol increased (r = -0.210, p> 0.05). In conclusion, the percentage of protein in the diet and different doses of 17β-estradiol improved oocyte development of Hard-Lipped Barb (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.).

AKTIVITAS GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE DAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK DAUN KAPULAGA (Amomum cardamomum) Hafsah Riyanti; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjutak; Hery Winarsi
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Oxidative stress in a patient with diabetes known to decrease the activity of GSH-PX and increase the level of blood glucose. Glibenclamide is commonly used by patients with diabetes to lower the blood glucose. However, the long-term use of glibenclamide may induce the damage of pancreatic β-cells. The extract containing flavonoids and vitamin C of cardamoms leaf can reduce free radicals. The effect of cardamoms leaf extract on the enzymes activity and the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats is yet unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cardamoms leaf extract administration in the GSH-PX activities and the level of blood glucose of diabetic rats. The method used in this study was experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). There were three groups with five replicates for each. The first group, diabetic rats as control group were given no treatment; the second group, diabetic rats were given cardamoms leaf extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight; the third group, the diabetic rat were given glibenclamide at the dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight. Blood samples were taken three times at 0, 7, and 14 days after each treatment. Parameters measured were GSH-PX activity and the level of blood glucose. The data were analyzed using ANOVA F-test with a confidence level of 95%. The result of this study showed that the cardamoms leaf extract treatment decreased the activity of GSH-PX activity and decreased the level of blood glucose at a significant level (p < 0.05) from 278.8 to 101.4 mg/dl.

IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULAR DAN MORFOLOGIS UDANG AIR TAWAR ANGGOTA GENUS MACROBRACHIUM (DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE) DARI HILIR SUNGAI PAKERISAN, BALI Natasya Nur Musrifa
Scripta Biologica Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Indonesia with an area of tropical waters 5.4 billion km2 depend on the largest source of foreign exchange earnings derived from prawns. Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium shown a wide distribution and high economic value. Bali has potential for high freshwater prawns diversity with an area 10,000 Ha of cultivation. Pakerisan river is one of Bali’s rivers with high population, so affected prawns ecosystem in habitat. The study was conducted to determine the diversity of freshwater prawn species belonging to genus Macrobrachium based on morphological identification and molecular analysis with 16S mitochondrial gene from the downstream of Pakerisan river. Sampling was administered by Gianyar Research Team in March 2015. Initial identification and determination of morphological characters was done. Afterwards, identification of prawns molecular characters using primers 16Sar and 16Sbr were analyzed by DNAStar software, MESQUITE, DNA Sequence Polymorphism 5.10, and MEGA 7.0.21. The results based on morphological identification of individual CR1 and CR2 that was: second pereiopod had longer carpus than merus and chela, epistome split into 2 round anterior lobes, rostral formula: 3+5/3, and 2 pairs of spines on parallel telson. Supported by molecular identification DNA fragment length sequencing were 561bp. BLAST analysis similarity 99%, average genetic distance 0.24%, and bootstrap value 100% in reconstruction with Neighbor-Joining phylogeny tree showed monophyletic group with seven samples sequence Macrobrachium lancesteri from NCBI GenBank. So morphological and molecular identification was declared CR1 and CR2 individuals included to species Macrobrachium lanchesteri.

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