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Kosmik Hukum
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : 14119781     EISSN : 26559242     DOI : 10.30595/jkh
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Kosmik Hukum adalah jurnal peer reviewed dan Open-Acces yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. Kosmik Hukum mengundang para peneliti, dosen, dan praktisi di seluruh dunia untuk bertukar dan memajukan keilmuan di bidang hukum yang meliputi berbagai aspek hukum seperti Hukum Pidana, Hukum Perdata, Hukum Tata Negara, Hukum Administrasi Negara, Hukum Acara, Hukum Bisnis, dan sebagainya. Dokumen yang dikirim harus dalam format Ms. Word dan ditulis sesuai dengan panduan penulisan. Kosmik Hukum terbit dua kali dalam setahun pada bulan Januari dan Juli.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 243 Documents
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Eksistensi Republik Maluku Selatan sebagai Subjek Hukum Internasional: Antara Legitimasi dan Legalitas Lindra Darnela
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.9662

Abstract

The Republic of South Maluku (RMS) at the beginning of its birth in the 1950s gained a place in international law as a group that has the right of self-determination by proclaiming itself as an independent Republic. Their presence became more apparent when those who were former KNIL members chose to temporarily move to the Netherlands and freely raised the RMS flag in the country. This paper discusses the existence of the Republic of South Maluku in international law recently, based on the perspective of legitimacy and legalization. This study used the interview method with several RMS figures, RMS descendants and some researchers on RMS. This research found that RMS currently no longer has legitimacy either in the Netherlands or in the Moluccas. This is supported by the lack of movement and support for the current RMS in Maluku and the existence of the RMS in the Netherlands at present only as their negotiations against the Dutch government as a minority group. Besides, in international law RMS is not a legal subject because it is no longer in the Belligerent category and is recognized by countries.Keywords: Republic of South Maluku (RMS), legitimacy, legality, international law
Kedudukan Surat Edaran Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Nomor M/3/Hk.04/III/2020 dan Implikasinya terhadap Perlindungan Hukum bagi Tenaga Kerja dan Keberlangsungan Usaha dalam rangka Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Covid-19 Siti Kunarti; Kartono Kartono; Budiyono Budiyono; Supriyanto Supriyanto; Sri Hartini; Weda Kupita
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.12262

Abstract

AbstrakPandemi Covid-19 yang di alami berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia telah menyebabkan permasalahan serius yang berdampak pada sektor ketenagakerjaan. Banyak perusahaan mengeluarkan keputusan yang ekstrim seperti mem-PHK pegawainya, mengurangi gaji dan menghentikan perjanjian kerja. Masalah tersebut diakibatkan dari ketidakmampuan perusahaan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan operasionalnya, bahkan sebagian perusahaan harus mengalami kebangkrutan dan menutup usahanya.Kehadiran pemerintah di tengah pandemi melalui Surat Edaran Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Nomor M/3/HK.04/III/2020 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja/buruh dan Kelangsungan Usaha Dalam Rangka Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Covid-19 menuai kontroversi, dengan menyerahkan sepenuhnya tanggungjawab pemutusan hubungan kerja  dan penggajian kepada pengusaha dan pekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahu kedudukan Surat Edaran dalam sistem hukum dan implikasi hukumnya sebagai instrument negara terhadap perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja serta keberlangsungan usaha di tengah Pandemi Covid-19.Surat Edaran menteri tidak termasuk dalam hirarki perundang-undangan, namun demikian menjadi petunjuk pelaksanaan selama sejalan dengan undang-undang yang berwenang. Implikasi dari Surat Edaran terhadap perlindungan pekerja dan pengusaha adalah munculnya negosiasi antara pekerja dan pengusaha sebagai jalan keluar utama untuk mencegah PHK di tengah Pandemi Covid-19 ini.Kata kunci: Kedudukan Surat Edaran, Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja.
Hak Korban untuk Menuntut Restitusi Akibat Tindak Pidana Korupsi Tertentu Supanto Supanto; Sulistyanta Sulistyanta; Ismunarno Ismunarno; Winarno Budyatmojo; Tika Andarani Parwitasari; Budi Setyanto; Sabar Selamet
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i1.13502

Abstract

AbstractThere is a government program for the poor in the COVID-19 pandemic situation. People who receive assistance have the right to control as a form of transparency (Law 14 of 2008 concerning Openness of Public Information) so that people are not just objects. The public generally plays a preventive role in overcoming corruption. However, the judge's decision has not been touched on the Crime of Corruption (Tindak Pidana Korupsi, TIPIKOR). Especially when the community members are in a position as "victims." Cases of social assistance (Bantuan Sosial, BANSOS) and direct cash assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai, BLT) can be examples of how citizens are people who have a disadvantaged position of rights due to corrupt behavior so that they "can" become victims of corruption. This research seeks to make an innovation in law enforcement. In law enforcement of corruption criminal acts, if the perpetrator has been proven guilty, the judge will generally sentence them in the form of a loss of independence, a fine, and an additional penalty in the form of criminal compensation for the loss to the state as much as the one that has been corrupted. In addition, criminals often encounter difficulties and obstacles in collecting them. Fines and additional penalties in the form of corrupted returns must be deposited into the state treasury according to the legislation. At this point, mainly for corruption cases related to social assistance to the people, the people become "victims." Why become "victims" because they have the right to get it? Because it has been stipulated in a decision, people are entitled to receive assistance from the government. For this reason, it is necessary to be given access to prosecute perpetrators for recovering the amount of assistance they should have received. The claim is based on the binding rights and obligations that must be carried out. This demand can be in the form of restitution because the people who should have received the aid did not receive it, but it was reduced. So that people can be positioned as victims. An alternative pattern of settlement by involving the victim (beneficiary), such as social assistance, will be more equitable because it will provide access to people who have been formatted as objects of sufferers. This alternative solution involving the receiving community has never been seen before. Because so far, the public can participate in law enforcement only as providers of information and reports of alleged criminal acts of corruption. This alternative is a construction of law enforcement expected to provide justice for the community. The method uses a socio-legal research approach. Research locations in Semarang and Yogyakarta. Structured interviews do primary data, and secondary data is case studies. Data analysis was carried out employing content analysis. The research urgency: (1) to overcome the problem of non-cash social assistance, which so far has caused the "victim" of the community, which is consistently formatted as an object, (2). overcome injustice by seeking a balance between services closer to justice and community welfare.Keywords: Victims, Corruption, Restitution.AbstrakTerdapat program pemerintah untuk rakyat miskin dalam situasi pandemi covid 19. Masyarakat yang mendapat bantuan mempunyai hak mengontrol sebagai wujud transparansi (UU 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik) sehingga rakyat tidak sekedar sebagai obyek. Masyarakat umumnya berperan secara preventif dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi. Namun dalam putusan hakim belum tersentuh dalam kaitannya dengan putusan hakim TIPIKOR. Utamanya ketika warga masyarakat dalam posisi sebagai “korban”. Kasus bantuan sosial (BANSOS) dan bantuan langsung tunai (BLT) dapat menjadi contoh bagaimana warga masyarakat adalah orang yang mempunyai posisi terugikan haknya akibat perilaku koruptif sehingga “dapat” menjadi korban tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini berupaya melakukan inovatif dalam penegakan hukum. Dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana korupsi, apabila terhadap pelaku telah terbukti bersalah umumnya dijatuhi putusan oleh hakim berupa pidana hilang kemerdekaan, pidana denda dan pidana tambahan berupa pidana pengganti kerugian terhadap negara sebesar yang telah dikorupsi. Untuk pidana tambahan sering menemui kesulitan dan hambatan untuk menagihnya. Pidana denda dan pidana tambahan berupa pengembalian yang dikorupsi sesuai perundang-undangan harus disetorkan ke kas negara. Pada titik inilah utamanya untuk kasus korupsi yang berkaitan dengan bantuan sosial kepada rakyat, maka rakyat menjadi “korban.” Mengapa menjadi “korban’ karena mereka telah berhak untuk mendapatkan karena telah ditetapkan dalam suatu keputusan sebagai orang yang berhak untuk mendapatkan bantuan dari pemerintah. Untuk itulah perlu diberi akses melakukan penuntutan kepada pelaku untuk memulihkan besaran bantuan yang seharusnya mereka terima. Tuntutan tersebut didasarkan pada ikatan hak dan kewajiban yang musti dilakukan. Tuntutan ini dapat berupa restitusi karena rakyat yang seharusnya menerima bantuan ternyata tidak menerima atau menerima namun dikurangi. Sehingga rakyat dapat diposisikan sebagai korban. Suatu alternatif pola penyelesaian dengan melibatkan pihak korban (penerima bantuan) seperti bantuan sosial ini akan lebih berkeadilan karena akan memberi akses pada masyarakat yang selama ini diformat sebagai obyek penderita. Alternatif penyelesaian yang melibatkan masyarakat penerima ini belum pernah terjadi. Karena selama ini masyarakat dapat berperan serta dalam penegakan hukum sekedar pemberi informasi dan laporan dugaan tindak pidana korupsi. Alternatif ini merupakan konstruksi penegakan hukum yang diharapkan memberikan keadilan bagi masyarakat.Metode dengan pendekatan sosio-legal riset. Lokasi penelitian di Semarang dan Yogyakarta. Data primer dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur, data sekunder studi kasus. Analisis data dilakukan secara analisis isi. Urgensi penelitian: (1) mengatasi persoalan bantuan sosial non tunai yang selama ini telah menimbulkan “korban” masyarakat yang senantiasa diformat sebagai obyek, (2). mengatasi ketidakadilan dengan mencari keseimbangan antara pelayanan yang mendekatkan pada keadilan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Kata kunci: Korban, Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Restitusi.
Peran Jabatan Notaris dalam Pembuatan Akta Pengalihan Hak Atas Merek Terdaftar Kanti Rahayu; Kus Rizkianto; Mukhidin Mukhidin
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13483

Abstract

Marks can be transferred to other parties by registered trademark owners. The transfer can be done from person to person or transfer from one person or several people to a company or corporation. The possibilities that can occur on the transfer of a brand from a personal to a company include selling the brand personally to a certain company. Transfer of Marks has been regulated in Article 41 of the Law on Marks and Geographical Indications concerning the Transfer of Rights and Licenses. Right to Mark can be transferred due to Inheritance; Will; Waqf; Grant; Agreement; or other reasons justified by the provisions of laws and regulations. This study aims to explain the legal arrangements for making a deed of transfer of rights to a registered mark and examine the role of the Notary Position in making a deed of transfer of rights to a registered mark. This study uses library research methods with a normative research approach with qualitative analysis. The result is that the legal arrangements regarding the transfer of rights to registered marks have been regulated in Article 41 of Law no. 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications which states that rights to registered marks can be transferred by several mechanisms justified by law such as through inheritance, endowments, grants, wills, agreements and other reasons according to the applicable law. Every act of transferring rights to a registered mark must be registered with the Minister accompanied by supporting documents. Once recorded, the transfer of rights to the mark will be announced in the Official Gazette of Marks and may be subject to a fee. Then the terms of the transfer of rights to the registered mark in the form of a deed must be made before a Notary as the official office of the deed maker.Keywords: Notary, Deed, Transfer of Rights, Registered Mark
Penegakan Hukum Kepabeanan dalam Rangka Penanganan Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Barang Ekspor dan Impor di Indonesia Ika Ariani Kartini; Bayu Setiawan
Kosmik Hukum Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v19i2.14231

Abstract

Customs crimes in Indonesia are still relatively high, both in frequency and in the value of state losses. During 2005 and the current year 2006, the number of arrests resulting from surveillance in the customs area was 164 and 118, respectively, with state losses of Rp. 11.6 billion and Rp. 20.2 billion, respectively. Meanwhile, the catch data from the marine patrols of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise for 2005 and 2006 were 128 and 89 arrests, respectively, with an estimated state loss of Rp. 10.9 billion and Rp. 4.8 billion. For details and details, see tables 1,2,3 and 4. It can be assumed that customs crimes that are unknown or not caught are much bigger. Based on Law No. 10 of 1995 concerning Customs, Presidential Decree No. 109 of 2001 concerning Organizational Units and Duties of Echelon I Departments which have been amended several times, most recently by Presidential Decree No.23/2004 and Minister of Finance Decree no. 302/KMK.01/2004, the duties of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) are: Service and Supervision of the traffic of goods entering and leaving the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. And Collection of State Revenue in the form of Import Duty (and Excise). The service function is the duty of DGCE to ensure the smooth flow of goods and documents efficiently and effectively, without a high cost economy, encouraging increased trade and competitiveness. The function of supervision is especially the supervision of the traffic of goods in the context of protecting the interests of the community from attempts to import goods that can damage health and disturb the public, harm consumers, and endanger state security. Thus, it is clear how big and heavy the duties and responsibilities of DJBC are, particularly in preventing and taking firm action against customs violations and criminal acts that can cause state losses in a broad sense, namely financial, security, health, trade and domestic industry/investment disturbances, and trust. society against the government.Keywords: Crime, Customs, Export, Import.
Potensi Penggunaan Platform Sosial Media Guna Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Lautan Indonesia Sapto Hermawan; Gatot Isnawanjati Budi Abiyudo
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14140

Abstract

Following the We Are Social publication, the percentage of social media users in Indonesia in 2022 will be almost 90% of the total population of Indonesia. In a simple illustration, this factual condition has great potential and strength. However, the Government has not widely utilized the potential for social media in formulating and implementing policies, especially policies related to protecting and preserving the environment. This article aims to describe the relationship between social media platforms and their optimization to reduce marine plastic litter and the problems accompanying it. The research method used is socio-legal, which combines dogmatic research with empirical research through a theoretical critique approach. The results show that social media implementation has a positive impact, directly increasing awareness of the community's ability to fight for environmental protection and governance, especially efforts to combat the marine plastic issue. However, some significant difficulties are still visible; therefore, a proactive role is needed for the Government to optimize the use of social media in supporting efforts to preserve the environment, especially in campaigning for the reduction of marine plastic litter.Keywords: environmental protection, social media, marine plastic litter
Perubahan dan Implikasi Susunan Organisasi dan Kewenangan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Setelah Amandemen UUD 1945 Tenang Haryanto; Sri Hartini; Muhammad Toufik; Krisnhoe Kartika
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.13260

Abstract

The organizational structure of the MPR based on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution consists of members of the DPR and members of the DPD. Membership of the MPR is similar to the membership of Congress in the United States, which consists of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (high house). The authority of the MPR after the amendment of Article 3 of the Constitution of the MPR is no longer the highest state institution, but is a state institution whose position is equal to other state institutions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in the organizational structure and authority of the People's Consultative Assembly after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution and what are the implications for changes in the organizational structure and authority of the MPR after the amendment. This research uses a statue approach. Data sourced from primary and secondary legal materials were analyzed using qualitative normative analysis methods. The results of the study found that after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the concept of the MPR as the holder of people's sovereignty was abolished. The MPR no longer holds the highest power in the state administration system in Indonesia. The implications of changes after the amendment to the Constitution, the role of the MPR is only limited to carrying out the task of socializing the results of the amendments to the 1945 Constitution and inaugurating the President and Vice President.Keywords:  Organizational structure, Authority, MPR
Pertimbangan Hukum Putusan Bebas Pada Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Studi Kasus Pada Perkara Nomor: 19/Pid.TPK/2021/PN.SMG) David Bani Adam
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14152

Abstract

The purpose of writing this article is to find out how the legal considerations of judges' decisions in cases of corruption are acquitted (vrijspraak) Case number: 19/Pid.TPK/2021/PN.SMG based on the Criminal Procedure Code. The method in this study uses a normative legal research method using a law approach. concluded1. The types of judge's decisions in cases of criminal acts of corruption based on the Criminal Procedure Code are free and free from all lawsuits or criminal charges. The judge's verdict is free if it is not proven legally and convincingly that the defendant is guilty of committing the crime charged. The sentencing decision is handed down if the judge is of the opinion that the defendant is legally and convincingly proven guilty of committing the crime for which he is charged. 2. Legal considerations of the panel of judges in passing an acquittal against the crime of corruption number: 19/Pid. TPK / 2021 / PN. SMG). The author concludes that the court's decision on the criminal act of corruption that acquits the defendant is basically permissible. As long as the judge's decision has the essence of a strong and accountable rati legis, on the basis of considerations of the value of justice and considerations of judex factie as in the a quo case.Keywords: Legal Considerations, Free Decisions, Corruption Crimes
Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Penipuan Yang Memanfaatkan Rekening Bank Sebagai Rekening Penampungan Selamat Widodo; Ika Ariani Kartini
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14151

Abstract

The rise of fraud with various modes has worried the public a lot, especially fraud by electronic means. The modus operandi of the perpetrators of the crime varies, ranging from online buying and selling, lottery winners, claiming to be officers, to news reports of relatives who have had an accident and need money to pay for the treatment process. After the victim is deceived, the perpetrator will ask the victim to transfer a certain amount of money to a certain bank account that has been determined by the perpetrator. After the victim transfers a certain amount of money, the perpetrator immediately transfers or withdraws all the money in his account. The purpose of the establishment of OJK is that all activities in the financial services sector can be carried out in an orderly, fair, transparent and accountable manner. Then be able to realize a financial system that grows in a sustainable and stable manner and is able to protect the interests of consumers and the public. In order for the public to get protection from the abuse of crime from parties who are not responsible for bank accounts used as a repository for the proceeds of crime, strict supervision and regulation is necessary. This is one of the duties and roles of OJK in providing protection to the public. One of the powers possessed by OJK is banking supervision. In the existing provisions, banks are required to apply the principle of know your customer or CDD (coctumer due dilligent), namely the principle of knowing your customer. So that in the event that the perpetrator of a crime uses his account as a means of crime, law enforcement officers can immediately make arrests and legal proceedings, because the customer has been known and recognized by the bank.Keywords: Financial Services Authority, Know Your Customer/Customer Due Dilligent Principle, Bank account.
Dampak Pandemi Covid dan Penerapan New Normal pada Kredit Bermasalah dan Profitabilitas Perbankan Di Indonesia Tri Septyanto; Dewi Susilowati
Kosmik Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v22i2.14097

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economy, and the banking industry is no exception. The impact of the pandemic on the banking industry, namely the decline in bank health. Various efforts have been made by the government to revive the banking industry, one of which is the issuance of OJK regulation Number 11/PJOK.03/2020 concerning "National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy for the Impact of the 2019 Covid Spread". This study aims to compare the ratio of non-performing loans/financing (NPL/NPF) and banking profitability in Indonesia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the new normal. The object of this research is the banking industry, both conventional and sharia in Indonesia, with an observation period of 12 months from November 2019-November 2020. The sampling method uses purposive sampling, namely sampling according to the research objectives, and produces a sample of 38 conventional banking and 33 Islamic banking. The method of analysis used paired sample t-test. The results of the analysis show that: 1) there are significant differences in non-performing loans (NPL) before and after the covid 19 pandemic for conventional banking but for Islamic banking there is no significant difference. 2) There is no significant difference in the profitability of conventional banks before and after the pandemic or the implementation of the new normal. 3) there is no significant difference in NPL/NPF after the Covid 19 pandemic and after the implementation of the new normal. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that banking restructuring policies in Indonesia to anticipate the impact of COVID-19 have not run optimally.Keywords: comparison, performance, non-performing financing, profitability, banking

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