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INDONESIA
Indonesian Physical Review
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 26151278     EISSN : 26147904     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
Indonesian Physical Review is a peer review journal which is managed and published by Physics Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mataram. This journal is published periodically three times a year, in January, May and September. IPR is Open Accsess for all readers and includes research developments in physics both experimentally and analytically. Focus and scope include Theoritical Physics, Computation, Material sciences, Instrumentation, Biophysics, Geophysics, and Optics.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 221 Documents
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DIAGENETIC STUDY BASED ON PETROGRAPHY: IMPLICATIONS FOR SANDSTONE POROSITY OF THE PEUNASU FORMATION, PULAU NASI, ACEH Gunarsih, Dina; Sary, Cut Afriyana; Muhni, Akmal; Rahmatillah, Lia Fitria; Sartika, Dewi
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.357

Abstract

Diagenetic studies observe the process of changing sedimentary deposits into sedimentary rocks. This study is critical because it relates to the quality of rock porosity, which can be filled by fluid.  The analysis of the Peunasu Formation is interesting because previous researchers considered that the Tertiary sedimentary rocks in the Northwest Aceh Basin are equivalent to rock units in the petroleum system in the North Sumatra Basin and Mergui Basin. Meanwhile, studies on the Peunasu Formation, a tertiary sedimentary rock, still need to be completed. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the characteristics and diagenetic processes in the sandstone of the Peunasu Formation. The method used is petrographic observation, which identifies the composition of rocks along with textures such as grain size, roundness, sorting, grain contact, and porosity. The results are that the Peunasu Formation sandstone is classified as sublitharenite, lithic greywacke, and litharenite. The diagenetic regime is mesogenesis. In the mesogenesis stage, the sandstone of the Peunasu Formation experiences compaction, cementation, and dissolution. The porosity of the Peunasu Formation sandstone, as determined by the percentage of pores, exhibits a range of 0.5% to 16.8%, categorizing it as ranging from negligible to moderate. Compaction reduces the intergranular porosity, while the dissolution of grains contributes to the formation of secondary porosity.
LEVERAGING THE UBIQUITOUS GPS SENSOR ON THE SMARTPHONES FOR ACCESSIBLE LAND SURVEYING Habibullah, Ahmad Dhuha; Yuliza, Elfi; Almadi, Ismail Fahmy; Intara, Yazid Ismi; Ekawita, Riska
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i2.361

Abstract

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is an essential tool in land surveying. GPS has become an alternative method of surveying that requires less manpower and less time. However, GPS devices are still expensive to buy, especially for students. On the other hand, almost every student has a smartphone with a built-in GPS sensor, so this GPS is certainly accessible to everyone with a smartphone. This study used a smartphone's GPS to conduct land surveying at the campus of Bengkulu University. This smartphone’s GPS was used to track various parameters such as coordinates, elevation, and distance between two or more points to calculate the area within the study area. The innovative method of using the built-in GPS sensor in smartphones will provide convenience for users and introduce simplified open-source software for the land measurement process. The measurement was calibrated using a conventional roll meter to verify the linear error by comparing the two measurements between the smartphone’s GPS and roll meter. The smartphone’s GPS reading was logged using GPS Waypoints and My Tracks, free Android applications on the Google Play store. This study's average error in measurements obtained using GPS on smartphones was 3.02%. This value is sufficient for the initial stage of low-cost land surveys and falls within ideal conditions for GPS measurements. Therefore, this article emphasizes the potential of smartphone GPS to optimize techniques in education and scientific investigations.
DESIGN AND BUILD A MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIP COATER TOOL WITH AN AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION SYSTEM Rahman, Nizar Rizki; Sya’roni, Imam; Hartanto, Anton; Prasetyono, Agus Dwi; Subiantoro, Irfan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.364

Abstract

Dip-coating is essential for coating materials evenly, as imperfections like macropores can impact material properties. This project presents a digitally controlled dip-coating tool that manages withdrawal speed, immersion time, and speed via a microcontroller with an automatic calibration system. Employing a stepper motor and mathematical formula approach, the tool achieves high precision by automatically adjusting dipping parameters, with key metrics including resolution-dependent Vl, calibration speed Vpc and calibration targets tpc, and Sc. The system reaches stable calibration at Vms = Vpc. ensuring rapid, accurate calibration and minimizing errors to 0-2% across 20 to 650 steps. Additionally, the tool’s energy-efficient design consumes less power than other dip-coating systems, providing both durability and accuracy.
PHOTOINACTIVATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS BIOFILM WITH GREEN LASER MEDIATED BY THE PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT CHLOROPHYLL Abdullah, Rismayani; Astuty, Sri Dewi; Armynah, Bidayatul; Tabaika, Pryandi M; Imelda, Imelda
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.367

Abstract

This study aims to activate the effectiveness of Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) as an antibacterial agent by using a green laser and papaya leaf chlorophyll extract to prevent Candida albicans cell death. Papaya leaf extract chlorophyll is known to have potential as a photosensitizer (PS) through its antimicrobial properties and ability to absorb optimal light photons at a wavelength range of 405–680 nm. Activation of chlorophyll molecules with appropriate light produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are toxic to pathogenic microbes such as Candida albicans. The research method involves using PDI with a green laser light source and chlorophyll extract on Candida albicans biofilms. Four main treatment groups were applied, negative control (C-), positive controls with 10% (C1+) and 15% chlorophyll (C2+), irradiation for 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 seconds (L1–L5), and combinations of irradiation with chlorophyll (L1F1–L5F2, where F1 for 10% chlorophyll and F2 for 15% chlorophyll), with measurements performed three times for each treatment. Living Candida albicans cells were detected using the XTT assay staining method. The results showed a significant decrease in activity in all treatment groups. Maximum activity was achieved in the L5F1 and L5F2 treatment groups with inactivation of 80% (p<0.05) and 83% (p<0.05), respectively. This study concludes that high papaya leaf extract chlorophyll concentrations combined with a green laser effectively inhibit Candida albicans biofilm.
THE APPLICATION OF PLASTIC FIBER OPTIC SENSOR AS BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING Ama, Fadli; Hatta, Agus Muhamad; Indriawati, Katherin; Agustiyanto, Frans R; Usamah, Shofi Afghania; Putra, Alfian Pramudita; Perkasa, Sigit Dani
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.395

Abstract

Continuous blood pressure monitoring is essential for early hypertension prevention and cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Traditional methods are unsuitable for long-term use due to discomfort and limited portability. This study presents a tapered plastic fiber optical sensor (PFOS) as a sustainable, non-invasive solution for continuous monitoring. The PFOS system employs a light modulator based on mechanical waves to detect arterial pressure changes, utilizing an infrared light source (940 nm). The cuffless design includes four configurations: Bend, Bend with 1 Scratch, Bend with 3 Scratches, and Straight with 3 Scratches. The Bend with 1 Scratch configuration demonstrated superior performance, achieving 99.84% accuracy, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.1564, a linearity of 0.9999, and a sensitivity of 2.9997 Hz/dBm. Experimental validation involved testing radial and brachial arteries. Blood pressure estimates from Pulse Transit Time (PTT) were compared to a standard sphygmomanometer. On the radial artery, the Bend with 1 Scratch configuration achieved the best results, with the lowest MAE (1.72 for SBP, 2.39 for DBP) and highest accuracy (98.30% for SBP, 96.56% for DBP). The Straight with 3 Scratches configuration performed best on the brachial artery, with an MAE of 2.81 for SBP and 5.11 for DBP, and accuracies of 97.21% for SBP and 92.67% for DBP. The PFOS system offers a promising option for continuous monitoring in clinical and home settings.  
SIMULATION OF PLACEMENT FOR FOAM INLET INJECTOR POSITION ON FIREFIGHTER JET NOZZLE Hadi Sutrisno, Himawan; Kusumohadi, Catur Setyawan; Yudistira, Nopel Syahdan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.398

Abstract

Water is a widely used and effective fire-extinguishing medium, but its effectiveness diminishes at high temperatures. By disrupting the oxygen chain in the fire triangle, Foam media can enhance suppression performance. This study simulates the impact of foam injector placement on the effectiveness of jet nozzles in fire extinguishers. Simulations were conducted with foam injectors positioned at the nozzle's inlet, middle, and outlet. Results indicate that placing the foam injector at the outlet provides optimal spray velocity, pressure, and extinguishing performance. These findings highlight the importance of injector placement in improving fire suppression efficiency for liquid-based extinguishing systems.
SYNTHESIS OF BIOMATERIAL-GRADE WHITLOCKITE FROM CRAB SHELL WASTE: AN ECO-FRIENDLY APPROACH Khumaera, Rahmatia; Sirait, Maria Diva Yuniar; Rahim, Muhammad; Putri, Rezky Meyvia; Sumual, Theofilus Ariel; Musyarofah, Musyarofah
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.403

Abstract

Crab shells, rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3), provide a sustainable source of calcium oxide (CaO) for synthesizing Whitlockite (WH, Ca9(MgFe)(PO4)6PO3H), a potential biomaterial for bone replacement. This study addresses prior research gaps by exploring synthesis temperature variations from 700℃ to 1000℃  and employing acid precipitation to yield high-purity WH. Characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis. Results indicate that the crab shell powder contains 99.0944%wt. The XRD results show that optimal crystallinity and purity of WH were achieved at a calcination temperature of 900℃.  The FTIR test results show that the functional groups of WH at calcination temperatures of 700℃, 800℃, 900℃, and 1000℃ for 5 hours are detected in specific wave ranges, namely PO₄³- (673-671 cm-¹), and OH- (3340-3198 cm-¹), which contribute to the bone formation process. SEM tests revealed that changes in calcination temperature affected the morphology of WH, with the optimal temperature producing a smaller size, minimal agglomeration, and a more uniform size distribution. BET analysis showed that 900℃ gave the highest adsorption capacity and good stability, indicating a more significant potential for interaction with body cells. These findings confirm the ability of WH to be a promising biomaterial for bone replacement applications.
OPTIMIZING THE CARBONIZATION TEMPERATURE OF WATER HYACINTH BIOCHAR BY PROXIMATE ANALYSIS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY Maulina, Wenny; Habibah, Putri Sifa; Arkundato, Artoto; Syarifah, Ratna Dewi; Sulistiyo, Yudi Aris; Sukmawati, Nissa
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.405

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a locally available biomass with the potential to be converted into biochar, serving as a renewable energy source. In this report, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the carbonization temperature during the preparation of water hyacinth biochar. Water hyacinth was carbonized in a furnace at varied temperatures (400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C) for 90 minutes. Characterization of the biochar derived from water hyacinth by proximate analysis was determined, including moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and calorific value. The results of the biochar before optimization indicated that moisture content and volatile matter decreased with increasing carbonization temperature, while ash content, fixed carbon, and calorific value increased. After optimization, the proximate analysis of the biochar was determined, with the optimal carbonization temperature found to be 533.54 °C. At this temperature, the optimal moisture content was 6.50%, ash content was 25.53%, volatile matter was 24.80%, and fixed carbon was 43,16%. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using RSM to optimize the preparation conditions of water hyacinth biochar.
MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS OF FETAL DOSE DISTRIBUTION IN PREGNANCY FOR DIFFERENT FETAL AGES, BEAM LOCATION, BEAM ENERGY, AND FIELD SIZES Nikmah, Khusniatun; Ramadhan, Muhammad Vitro; Sumaryada, Tony; Rhani, Muhammad Fahdillah; Husin, Abd. Djamil; Yani, Sitti
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.406

Abstract

Treatment with radiotherapy in pregnant women may occur due to some critical conditions. The dose given during the treatment process is not only received by the patient but can also be absorbed by the fetus which can affect its growth. Moreover, the radiation target is near the fetus such as the lung. This study aims to determine the dose distribution to the fetus with variations in fetal age (trimester 1, 2, and 3), beam energy, field size, and fetal distance to the target location (lung). The entire simulation utilized the Monte Carlo-based software EGSnrc-DOSXYZnrc which produced a 3-dimensional dose distribution on the virtual phantom. The simulated virtual phantom is a box with a size of 40×40×40 cm3 containing several materials, namely water, tissue, and lung. The size of the fetus is varied according to trimesters 1, 2, and 3. The beam is in the form of monoenergetic photons with energies of 3 MeV and 5 MeV emitted from above with a source to surface distance (SSD) of 48 cm. The field size was set at 5×5 cm2 and 8×8 cm2 on the phantom surface. The beam axis was located at a distance of 5 cm and 3 cm from the fetus. The results showed that the four variations performed affected the fetal dose, where the fetal dose increased considerably when the field size was enlarged and the beam axis was closer to the fetal position. The increase in fetal dose is also influenced by the increase in fetal age and beam energy. Meanwhile, the location of the beam below the lung causes an increased dose to the fetus due to the closer position of the beam to the fetus.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LITHIUM-ION BATTERY CHARGING SYSTEM UNDER CONSTANT CURRENT AND VOLTAGE CONDITIONS USING STM-32 BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL Asy'ari, Muhammad Khamim; Panggabean, David Keyvin Sabam Halomoan; Musyafa, Ali; Ginting, Kevin Bestian
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.409

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are electrical energy storage devices often found in portable electronic equipment. Overcharging and discharging the battery will reduce its life and cause severe damage. Constant current and voltage control methods and control algorithms, such as fuzzy logic control, need to be added to avoid this. This research aims to develop a lithium-ion battery charging system using a constant current and voltage method based on fuzzy logic control. A constant current-constant voltage (cc-cv) charging system helps control the charging voltage and current by conditioning the initial charging to use a constant current so as not to overcharge. Constant current uses a buck converter circuit, while constant voltage uses a voltage regulator circuit. The charging system is equipped with a voltage sensor and a current sensor. System control uses fuzzy logic control methods with input variables as errors and delta errors while the output is a duty cycle. The overall system design was carried out at the Measurement, Reliability, Risk, and Safety Laboratory, ITS for 4 months. The test results show that charging the battery produces a voltage of 12.6 Volts and a current of 2.5 Amperes. The battery will be fully charged, and the charging system will stop when the flowing current decreases and the current is cut off at 100 mA.

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