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Jurnal Respirasi (JR)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 24070831     EISSN : 26218372     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Respirasi is a National journal in accreditation process managed by Department of Pulmonology & Respiratory Medicine Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University - Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Publish every January, May, September every year with each of 5 (five) complete texts in Indonesian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 347 Documents
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Decoding the Mechanistic Interplay of JAK/STAT and MAPK Signaling in the Pathogenesis of COPD: Crosstalk Dynamics and Multi-Target Therapeutic Frontiers Rika Sari Dewi; Irandi Putra Pratomo; Melva Louisa; Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami; Adityo Wibowo
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.182-192

Abstract

The JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling cascade constitutes an intracellular communication framework that is responsive to cytokines and growth factors, whereas the MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway represents a signaling network activated by extrinsic stimuli such as stress, growth factors, or reactive oxygen species. This literature review synthesizes scholarly investigations concerning the roles of the JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling pathways in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with an emphasis on elucidating the molecular interactions and mechanisms to rectify deficiencies in the comprehension of their contributions to inflammation, immune modulation, and tissue remodeling. The objectives of this review were to assess pathway activation patterns, characterize the molecular structures, and compare the therapeutic strategies. A systematic analysis of multidisciplinary studies employing in vitro, in vivo, clinical, and bioinformatics approaches was conducted. The findings revealed consistent activation of STAT3 and p38 MAPK isoforms by cigarette smoke and inflammatory stimuli, with complex crosstalk shaping macrophage polarization and cytokine production (IL-6, TNF-α). Therapeutic interventions targeting JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling have the potential to reduce airway inflammation and remodeling, although clinical efficacy remains inconsistent due to corticosteroid resistance and activation of compensatory pathway. Pathway dysregulation correlates with accelerated COPD progression, particularly through epithelial–mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition. Key challenges include balancing pathway modulation to preserve lung homeostasis while avoiding immunosuppressive effects. This analysis highlights the need for precision targeting strategies to translate molecular insights into effective therapies, thus providing a framework for future research on COPD pathogenesis and targeted network modulation.
Utilization of MBD-MBS Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Mouth Breathing Habits in Children 6-12 Years Old in Bandung, Indonesia Sinta Sari Ratunanda; Retno Arun Winastuti; Lina Lasminingrum; Wijana Wijana; Farah Dayana Zahedi
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.104-108

Abstract

Introduction: Mouth breathing is one of the earliest manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Despite the availability of validated screening tools for early detection, their use remains limited in Bandung, Indonesia. This study examined the use of the mouth breathing in the daytime-mouth breathing during sleep (MBD-MBS) questionnaire to identify mouth-breathing patterns and quantify OSA risk among children in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 children in Bandung, Indonesia. Ethical approval was obtained before data collection. Based on responses to the MBD-MBS and Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), children were classified as complete nose breathers (CNB), complete mouth breathers (CMB), or partial mouth breathers (PMB). The prevalence of OSA and mouth-breathing patterns, and their associations, were analyzed. Results: Complete mouth breathers was the most prevalent mouth-breathing pattern (40.75%), particularly among children aged 6-9 years old. Moreover, OSA was more common in mouth breathers (CMB: 55.21%; PMB: 71.84%) than nose breathers (5.97%), with PMB showing the strongest association (71.8% screening positive). Conclusion: Using the MDB-MBS questionnaire, mouth breathing was identified as a strong predictor of OSA in children, supporting its utility as a practical and effective tool for early screening.
Prevalence of Metabolic Disease in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Muhammad Muhajir; Arief Bakhtiar; Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro; Wiwin Is Effendi; Irmi Syafa'ah; Farah Fatma Wati
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.109-115

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem and remains one of the three leading causes of death worldwide. In addition to respiratory impairment, COPD is often associated with systemic inflammation that contributes to metabolic disorders such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity. However, data on the prevalence of these comorbidities in Indonesia remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic disorders among COPD patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study reviewed the medical records of COPD patients with metabolic disorders treated at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January to December 2024. Thirty-two patients aged >40 years old with complete data were included. Variables assessed included age, gender, smoking history, the Brinkman Index, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage, the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, and components of metabolic disorders. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded. The findings were summarized in tables and figures. Results: All patients were male (100%), with a mean age of 61.7±7.07 years old; the majority were 61-70 years old (56.25%). A history of smoking was present in 84.38% of patients, predominantly with a moderate Brinkman Index. The GOLD stage 2 (40.63%) and mMRC grade 0 (56.25%) were the most common. Metabolic disorders were highly prevalent, including: hypertension (81.26%), obesity (50.0%), dyslipidemia (37.50%), and diabetes mellitus (28.13%). Most patients had multiple overlapping disorders. Conclusion: Metabolic disorders were highly prevalent among COPD patients, with hypertension being the most common. Multiple coexisting metabolic disorders were more frequent than single conditions.
Elevated Serum Levels of Isoprostane and Glutathione in Waste Landfill Workers Ari Irawan; Tri Wahju Astuti; Fitri Indah Sari; Rezki Tantular; Sastia Rakhma
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.116-125

Abstract

Introduction: Waste landfill workers are frequently exposed to air pollutants, bioaerosols, and heavy metals, which may induce oxidative stress. Biomarkers such as isoprostanes and glutathione can be used to assess oxidative stress and antioxidant responses associated with landfill exposure. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 68 landfill workers categorized by exposure levels: <5 years, 5-10 years, and >10 years. Isoprostane and glutathione levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman’s correlation were used to compare biomarker levels across exposure groups and assess the relationship between biomarker levels and exposure groups. Results: Landfill workers averaged 596.01 pg/mL isoprostane. This figure is higher than the normal range of 35±6 pg/mL. The average serum glutathione level was also higher than the normal range (16.44±3.85 ng/mL). Meanwhile, the participants’ average serum glutathione level was 45.96 ng/mL. Compared to those exposed for <5 years (533.09 pg/mL), workers exposed for >10 years had higher isoprostane levels (643.94 pg/mL) (p=0.001). Thus, there was a positive correlation between exposure duration and isoprostane (r=0.331, p=0.006). Similarly, glutathione levels were higher in workers with >10 years of exposure (49.00 ng/mL) than in those with <5 years of exposure (41.20 ng/mL) (p=0.026) and showed a positive correlation (r=0.322, p=0.007). Conclusion: Long-term exposure to landfills is associated with higher serum levels of isoprostane and glutathione. It increases the risk of oxidative stress and adaptive antioxidant responses.
ROS1 Expression and Histopathological Grading in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Tertiary Hospitals in Medan, Indonesia Nurul Syuhada Parinduri; Noni Novisari Soeroso; Desfrina Kasuma; Putri Chairani Eyanoer; Darren Wan-Teck Lim
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.126-131

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with most cases classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Genetic alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) play important roles in guiding targeted therapy strategies. This study aimed to evaluate ROS1 expression in patients with histopathologically confirmed NSCLC and to determine its association with histopathological grading and tumor subtype. Methods: This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design using 120 paraffin-embedded tissue samples obtained from NSCLC patients at several hospitals in Medan, Indonesia, between March 2024 and March 2025. Associations were analyzed using the Chi-square test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histopathological subtype, accounting for 75% of cases. Positive ROS1 expression was identified in 64.2% of patients. A significant association was observed between ROS1 expression and histopathological grading (p=0.048), whereas no significant association was found between ROS1 expression and histopathological subtype (p=0.742). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated limited diagnostic performance of ROS1 expression, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.451. Conclusion: The ROS1 expression was significantly associated with histopathological grading but showed no correlation with histopathological subtype in NSCLC patients. The ROS1 immunohistochemistry may serve as a practical screening tool in NSCLC, although its diagnostic performance remains limited.
Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Intensive Care Unit Healthcare Workers: A Single Center Study Maelanti Norma; Fathiyah Isbaniah; Bagus Radityo Amien; Fathia Amalia Faizal; Syafira Radhwadanti
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.132-138

Abstract

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections that contributes to increased mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. Healthcare workers (HCWs) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are at increased risk of MRSA colonization and may serve as vectors for transmission. Therefore, making screening for MRSA carriage is essential for the prevention and control of MRSA infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MRSA colonization and identify associated factors among ICU HCWs. Methods:  A cross-sectional study was carried out at Persahabatan Hospital in June 2023. MRSA detection by PCR examination using XPERT® MRSA NXG were collected from nasal swabs. Bivariate analysis was performed to assess risk factors associated with MRSA colonization. Results: Of the 150 participants, 4% of HCWs were colonized with MRSA. Nurses (4.2%). showed a higher prevalence than doctors (3.1%). A higher prevalence of MRSA colonization was also observed in one of the ICU units (ICU Madya), with four out  of 21 respondents (18.2%) testing positive. No risk factors were significantly associated with MRSA colonization (p>0.05), but male sex showed a relatively high odds ratio (p=0.182, OR 3). Conclusion: A low prevalence of MRSA colonization was observed among all ICU healthcare workers. However, a higher prevalence was noted among staff in one of the ICU units. No significant associations were identified between potential risk factors and MRSA colonization.  Nurses and male HCWs demonstrated a higher risk of MRSA colonization.
Cigarette Smoking and Betel Nut Chewing Behavior among Junior High School Students in Rural Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia Jamal Zaini; Siti Syahral Ain; Samuel Sidang Kamalle; Astrid Brilianty Putri Rase; Simon Sampe; Andrade Monteiro
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.139-145

Abstract

Introduction: Smoking and other unhealthy behaviors, such as betel nut chewing, alcohol consumption, and vaping, are potential health problems in the eastern part of Indonesia. It is prevalent among young adolescents in Eastern Indonesia. But data regarding these are still rare, especially among rural Papua residents. This study aims to examine health-impacting behaviors, such as smoking and betel nut chewing, among junior high school students in Rural Sorong, West Papua. This study also evaluates the correlation between the adolescent's knowledge about the dangers of smoking and smoking behavior. Methods: This study was conducted on Public Junior High School 6 at Klamono District, Rural Sorong, West Papua.  All subjects answered the questionnaire based on the Global Youth Tobacco Survey Questionnaire-Indonesian version. Results: The prevalence of cigarette smoking (29.7%), betel nut chewing (64.4%), alcohol drinking (14.4%), and vaping behavior (10.2%) among subjects was high. The study also showed a correlation between students’ knowledge about the dangers of smoking and smoking behavior. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking, betel nut chewing, alcohol drinking, and vaping are high among junior high school students in rural Sorong, West Papua, and could pose potential health problems in the future.

Page 35 of 35 | Total Record : 347

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