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Contact Name
Ana siti nurmasyithah
Contact Email
anasitinurmasyithah@gmail.com
Phone
+6282366756766
Journal Mail Official
jstr@pnl.ac.id
Editorial Address
Jalan Banda Aceh-Medan Km 280.3 Buketrata Lhokseumawe
Location
Kota lhokseumawe,
Aceh
INDONESIA
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi
ISSN : 1693248X     EISSN : 25491202     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jstr
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi atau boleh disingkat dengan nama JSTR, berfokus pada banyak Aspek Teknik Kimia, seperti: Teknik Reaksi Kimia, Teknik Kimia Lingkungan, Energi Fosil dan Terbarukan, serta Sintesis dan Pengolahan Material.
Articles 318 Documents
REFINERY OF CITRONELLA OIL USING VACUUM HYDRODISTILATION METHOD IN ACEH UTARA DISTRICT S Syafruddin; Reza Fauzan; Zulfan Khairil Simbolon; Rizal Syahyadi; Atiqah Aida; Rima Dhinta Dewi Astuti; Isra Adelya Izzati; Pocut Nurul Alam
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4146

Abstract

Citronella oil is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) and is commercially obtained from the distillation of citronella leaves (Cymbopogon nardus L). Fragrant citronella leaves are one of the raw materials for obtaining vegetable oils in the form of essential oils. Essential oil is the main component consisting of composition in the form of geraniol and citronellal. The process of extracting essential oils can be done using various methods, one of which is the Vacuum Hydrodistillation method. The Vacuum Hydrodistillation method is carried out using a vacuum pump as a pressure guard and the boiling point of the distillation process does not exceed the boiling point temperature of water, which is 1000 C, so that the oil produced is maintained its purity. The vacuum hydrodistillation process of citronella was carried out for 3, 5, and 7 hours with each treatment using random and whole pieces of raw material. The resulting essential oil products were analyzed in the form of yield, density, refractive index and oil composition analysis using GC-MS. The best essential oil yields from citronella were obtained under operating conditions with random samples and distillation time of 5 hours. Where the yield produced is 0.17% with a refractive index of 1.41570 and a density of 0.92735 gr/ml. Keywords: Essential Oil, Vacuum Hydrodistillation, Fragrant Lemongrass, Geraniol
PROCESS OF PURIFICATION OF WASTE COOKING OIL USING MONITORING (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA) AND KAOLIN AS ADSORBENT Alfian Putra; S Sariadi; Reza Fauzan; Yaumil Akmalia H; T Taufik
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4198

Abstract

The use of cooking oil repeatedly at high temperatures will cause the quality and nutritional value of fried foods to decrease, which can have a negative impact on consumer health. Repeated use will increase the levels of free fatty acids (ALB) in cooking oil so that it will have a negative impact on the health of people who consume it or use it as a heating medium (frying). The adsorption process is carried out by contacting used cooking oil and adsorbent in the composition Because of this, the idea arose to use noni as an adsorbent for refining used cooking oil by means of adsorption using a mixture of noni (M) and kaolin (K) by varying the composition and contact time. The function of this adsorbent is generally to absorb impurities, odors and chemical substances that are toxic in used cooking oil. Ascorbic acid contained in noni fruit also functions as an anti-oxidant, namely a substance that is able to neutralize the peroxide groups contained in used cooking oil. The function of this adsorbent is generally to absorb impurities, odors and chemical substances that are toxic in used cooking oil. Ascorbic acid contained in noni fruit also functions as an anti-oxidant, namely a substance that is able to neutralize the peroxide groups contained in used cooking oil. The adsorption process is carried out by contacting used cooking oil and adsorbent in the composition Ascorbic acid contained in noni fruit also functions as an anti-oxidant, namely a substance that is able to neutralize the peroxide groups contained in used cooking oil. The adsorption process is carried out by contacting used cooking oil and adsorbent in the composition (100:0 ; 75:25 ; 50:50 ; 25:75 ; 0:100) for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes respectively with activated and unactivated kaolin as the control variable. The oil after adsorption was then observed for changes in acid number, peroxide value, moisture content, impurities content and color intensity. In several studies, the quality of oil recovered from used cooking oil showed a slightly blackish color, making the oil look less attractive. The use of kaolin as a bleaching earth in refining used cooking oil is due to the high SiO2 content in kaolin, which is expected to improve the color of used cooking oil, especially to improve the color of the recovered oil, so that it approaches the quality of standard cooking oil used in the market.Keywords: adsorbent; free fatty acids; noni; used cooking oil; kaolin
INFLUENCE OF THE ADDITION OF PARAFFIN AND GRAPHITE ON ETHYLENE PROPHYLENE DIENE MONOMER (EPDM) FOR THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE Pocut Nurul Alam; Isra Adelya Izzati; Rima Dhinta Dewi Astuti; Umi Qhanita Putri Swya; Teuku Muhammad Daffa Rihayat
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4169

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the paraffin: graphite ratio on the thermal resistance of the Phase Change Material (PCM). PCM mixed with Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) which has good compatibility with paraffins as a base polymer for preparing paraffin graphite composites. The samples was prepared by using heating method at 180oC for 20 minutes with a variation of the ratio 9:1 and 8:2 with mass ratios PCM70 : EPDM30, PCM80 : EPDM20, and PCM90 : EPDM10. Based on the results of tensile strength testing, thermal stability analysis and SEM. the maximum tensile strength is obtained at a mass ratio of 80% : 20% with a ratio of 9:1 which is 9.34 Mpa, has a thermal stability of 307.04oC at onset and Endset at a temperature of 399.50oC, However, there is an aggregate form that is agglomerate and has large pores, as well as a rough surface on the sample. While the results of the Morphology test using SEM, the best interaction between polymers with a mass ratio of 70%:30% at a ratio of 9:1, with a very well mixed surface, smooth, no lumps formed. Keywords: EPDM; Graphite;Paraffin;PCM;Polymers 
MODELING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS FOR GAHARU ESSENTIAL OIL DISTILLATION SYSTEM T Taufik; S Subhan; Arief Mardiyanto; A Azhar; Muhammad Kamal; Atiqah Aida
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4201

Abstract

Solar energy has now been converted into electrical energy by using alternative solar panels to absorb heat energy which is converted into electrical energy. Solar panels or often referred to as photovoltaic systems are an alternative that is being actively developed to deal with the global status of energy shortages because fossil energy sources, which have been the main energy source, will run out as population growth increases. In this study used a solar cell with a capacity of 100 Wp which required 27 units of solar cells. used solar. The absorption power of the solar cell energy used is 2,500 watts with varying operating times, namely 1.5 hours, 3 hours, 4.5 hours and 6 hours. The use of solar cell energy will later be used for agarwood oil distillation. Gaharu wood is pre-treated in the form of drying and soaking before the distillation process is carried out. Pretreatment is carried out with the aim that the resulting essential oil can increase in yield. The results obtained yield showed the best quality at the 20th day immersion time and 10 hours of distillation time (0.51%). The results of the GC-Ms gas chromatogram analysis were indicated by the presence of guaiol, selinene and panasinsen compounds, namely (55.90%), (19.56%) and (5.53%). Keywords: solar cell, renewable energy, agarwood, distillation
The Effect Of Concentration Ratio Of Sugarcane Bagasse And Starch Fiber On The Characteristics Of Natural Styrofoam For Environmentally Friendly Food Packaging Raw Materials Reza Fauzan; H Harunsyah; M Yunus; Halim Zaini; S Syafruddin
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4188

Abstract

Styrofoam is one type of food packaging that we often find. Styrofoam has excellent heat and cold resistance so it is used as an insulator. The ability to withstand good temperatures, lightweight and practical encourages the use of styrofoam as a food and beverage packaging material. However, Styrofoam contains many harmful substances and is not environmentally friendly. One solution is to replace the material for making styrofoam which is environmentally friendly called biodegradable foam. Sugarcane bagasse fiber has the potential as a basic material for making biodegradable foam. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the effect of the addition of bagasse fiber on the characteristics of biodegradable foam. This experiment uses a complete randomized design method with sugarcane bagasse fiber concentration treatment. The characteristic tests carried out include tensile strength test, water absorption test, biodegradation test, and thermogravimetric analysis. From the results of bagasse fiber decomposed 9,130 mg and still remaining 1,13 mg. The optimum concentration of biodegradable foam bagasse fiber on water absorption, biodegradation rate, and tensile strength in the 90:10 composition sample. The results of functional group analysis showed O-H and C-O groups which indicated that biodegradable foam is easily degraded by microorganisms in the soil. Keywords: Biodegradable foam, bagasse, cassava starch, packaging. 
INCREASING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC BASED ON POLY LACTIC ACID (PLA) WITH THE ADDITION OF COCONUT COIL (COIR) AND CHITOSAN Dewi Silvia; R Ridwan
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4231

Abstract

Petroleum-based plastics that are difficult to decompose have been used for years to become the biggest environmental polluter.The solution is to replace conventional plastics such as bioplastics with the same quality as conventional plastics so that they can replace the existence of petroleum-based plastics.The innovation of combining natural polymers (poly lactic acid) with coir-chitosan fillers is able to make polymers have good mechanical properties. This study aims to see the effect of mixing the natural polymer poly lactic acid (PLA) with coir (coconut coir) and chitosan fillers. With variations in fiber mass fraction3.8 grams; 3.9 grams; 4 grams; 4.1 grams; 4.2 grand mass variation of chitosan 0.36 gr; 0.38 gr; 0.4 gr; 0.42 gr; 0.44 gr. The addition of coir and chitosan fillers affects the mechanical properties and thermal properties of the material.The synthesized composites were tested for their mechanical strength to determine material characteristics and morphological observations. In the tensile test, the highest tensile strength value was produced by a material with a mass fraction of coir 19% (w/w) and 1.8% (w/w) chitosan, which was 44.23 MPa and the lowest tensile strength value was produced by a material with a mass fraction coir 21% (w/w) and chitosan 2.2% (w/w) of 31.48 MPa. Based on test results Differential Thermal Analysis sample with coir modification 20% (w/w) chitosan 2% (w/w) has the best thermal stability among other samples where the sample begins to degrade (on set) at 461.77 (oC) and stops experiencing degradation (end set ) at a temperature of 531.48 (oC). The results of the morphological test using the SEM tool show that the surface structure of the PLA79.2% sample is more homogeneous due to coir (coconut coir) and chitosan chains are well dispersed into the poly lacti acid (PLA) interlayer. Keywords : Bioplastics, Coir, Chitosan, Biodegradation, Natural Polymers. 
DEVELOPMENT OF POLYURETHANE/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON PALM OIL POLYOL Ummi Habibah; A Adriana; S Sariadi; M Muhammad; Halim Zaini; Sabila Yasara SA; F Fachraniah
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4189

Abstract

Polyurethanes (PURs) are highly adaptable polymeric substances with a variety of physical and chemical attributes. High abrasion resistance, tear strength, shock absorption, flexibility, and elasticity are just a few of the desirable qualities of PURs. Despite their generally low thermal stability, this can be enhanced by utilizing clay that has been treated. From renewable resources, polyurethane/clay nanocomposites have been created. By combining oleic acid from palm oil with glycerol, a polyol for the manufacture of polyurethane by reaction with an isocyanate was created. As a catalyst and emulsifier, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) was employed. Octadodecylamine (ODA-mont) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB-mont) were used to treat the unaltered clay (kunipia-F).  The d-spacing in CTAB-mont and ODA-mont were bigger than that of the pure-mont (1.142 nm) at 1.571 nm and 1.798 nm, respectively. A pre-polymer technique was used to create polyurethane/clay nanocomposites, and the micro-domain structures of segmented PU, CTAB-mont-PU 1, 3, and 5 wt%, and ODA-mont-PU 1, 3, and 5 wt% were determined by FTIR spectra. X-ray diffraction (X-RD) was used to evaluate the nanocomposites' morphology, and the results revealed that all of the intercalated type's nanocomposites were created as a result of this effort. When the surfaces of the materials were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), these were further confirmed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to examine thermal stability.Pure PU begins to degrade around 200°C, which is lower than the degrading rates of CTAB-mont PU and ODA-mont PU, which occur at roughly 318°C and 330°C, respectively. Both pure polyurethane (PU) and PU/clay nanocomposites have their mechanical properties, including dynamic mechanical properties, tested. With only a 5 weight percent addition of the montmorillonite CTAB-mont PU or ODA-mont PU, respectively, the tensile strength of the nanocomposites increased by more than 214% and 267%, respectively, demonstrating the impressively positive impact of the modified organoclay on the strength and elongation at break of the nanocomposites.Keywords: Clay,Palm Oil, Polyurethane
BIOPESTICIDES FROM PAPAYA LEAVES AND TEMBELEKAN LEAVES TO CONTROL ARMYWORM PESTS (Spodoptera Litura F) F Fachraniah; Asmaul Husna; E Elwina
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 01 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i01.4237

Abstract

Biopesticides made from papaya leaves and tembelekan leaves to control armyworm pests (Spodoptera litura F) have been carried out, these two plants are relatively easy to find around us and contain active compounds that have the potential as insecticides. Plant extracts are obtained by maceration using ethanol solvent p.a, then evaporated to separate the extract and solvent so that an extract is obtained. The variables of the study conducted were the composition of P100: T10, P90: T10, P80: T20, P70: T30, and P0: T100. Soaking time 1-4 days and applied to armyworm (Spodoptera litura F) for 2 hours. The results of the study reached the quality of P100:T0 and P90 biopesticides; T10 with a soaking time of 1-3 days obtained an average armyworm mortality of 88.6%. The characteristics of biopesticides produced from tannin levels and flavonoid levels have a positive correlative relationship with the mortality power of gryak caterpillars (Spodoptera litura F), P100: T0 there are 0.0366% tannin levels and 1.58% flavonoid levels with 76% mortality power and P90:T10 there are 0.03725 tannin levels and 1.6394% falvonoid levels with 100% mortality power. Keywords: Biopesticides, Mortality, and Spodoptera litura F
ANALYSIS OF COAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING CHEMICAL METHODS FOR MEETS STANDARDS OF CALORIFIC VALUE Nahar, N; Ridwan, R; Irwan, I; Pardi, P
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 22, No 01 (2024): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v22i01.5423

Abstract

As a country with relatively large coal resources and reserves, Indonesia will face challenges that are not easy in the future. The large amount of coal resources and reserves as well as the continuity of the coal mining industry cannot be ignored. Coal consumption in the world is expected to continue from time to time, especially in the Asian region. Lignite coal reserves account for around 48% of total coal reserves in the world, meanwhile in Asia lignite coal reserves reach 30%, while in Indonesia they reach 60% of total coal reserves. Although the amount of lignite coal consumed accounts for around 30% of total world coal production. The amount consumed in Asia accounts for only 10% of its total coal production. Especially in Indonesia, mining practices tend to tend to be higher quality bituminous and sub-bituminous coal which is more widely mined and produced because producing lignite coal is less economical and cannot meet market criteria. Thus, it can be predicted that what will remain in the future will be a large amount of lignite coal reserves that cannot be utilized. Because the opportunity to fill the potential of the coal market is still wide open, whether used directly as an energy source in power plants or exported abroad, promotion of the use of lignite coal must be made as early as possible as a very important issue for Indonesia. To improve the quality of lignite coal to coal whose quality is like that of anthracite coal so that it can be used, therefore it is necessary to have technology to improve the quality of lignite coal, so the Industrial Innovation Research research will improve the quality of coal using the stirring method by varying the influence of temperature and mixing time. coal, residual oil and kerosene can reduce the water content contained in low rank coal by the adsorption process. The research results show that operating conditions greatly influence the distribution of coal products. Relatively good operating conditions were obtained at a temperature of 200o C and a reaction time of 70 minutes with the results of: oil: 25 ml, water content: 0.668%, ash content: 11.883%, volatile matter: 30.122%, fixed carbon: 57.377%, and calorific value : 6581 Kcal/kg. Key words: Coal; Quality; Kerosene; Calorific Value; Enhancement
CHOCOCHIP DRY CAKES AS A SNACK FOR DIABETES SUFFERERS Khairunniza, Dea; Syafruddin, S
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi Vol 21, No 02 (2023): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI REAKSI
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jstr.v21i02.4813

Abstract

ABSTRACTChoco chips are chocolate in the form of small granules, usually chocolate chips are used as decoration on cakes, pastries and so on. Generally, chocolate chips are only used as a snack and contain high levels of sugar. This research discusses how to consume chocochip snacks which have low sugar content and are safe for diabetes sufferers. The independent variables used in this research are the types of sugar in the form of palm, regular and tropical as well as the types of wheat and oat flour. This research was carried out by making dry cakes first with various variations of sugar and flour. After that, tests are carried out in the form of water, protein, carbohydrate, free fatty acid content and organoleptic tests. From the research results, it was found that the lowest content test was a sample of wheat flour with a variation of tropical sugar of 4.1%, while the chocochip cake with the highest water content was a sample of oat flour with a variation of palm sugar with a water content of 6.36%. In the protein content test, the chocochip cake with the lowest protein content was a sample of oat flour with a variety of tropical sugar with a protein content of 101.06 mg/L, while the chocochip cake with the highest protein content was a sample of wheat flour with a variety of tropical sugar with a protein content of 204 .51 mg/L. In the carbohydrate content test, the chocochip cake with the lowest carbohydrate content was a sample of wheat flour with a variety of regular sugar with a carbohydrate content of 60.17 mg/L, while the chocochip cake with the highest carbohydrate content was a sample of oat flour with a variety of regular sugar with a carbohydrate content of 109.22 mg/L. In the free fatty acid content test, the chocochip cake with the lowest free fatty acid content was a sample of wheat flour with a variety of regular sugar with a free fatty acid content of 1.01%, while the chocochip cake with the highest free fatty acid content was a sample of oat flour with a variety of sugar. sugar palm with a free fatty acid content of 1.69%. In the organoleptic test for panelists, the choco chip cake with the highest average score was in the sample with variations of oat flour and palm sugar. Key words : antidiabetes, chocolate chips, cookies

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