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Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Published by Universitas Mahasaraswati
ISSN : 19799144     EISSN : 26855208     DOI : 10.46862
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Interdental Journal is a scientific published and supported by Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar and published Three Times a year. The submission process opens throughout the year. All submitted manuscript will be screened with double-blind peer review and editorial decision before the manuscript was accepted to be published. Interdental Journal present original research articles, review articles, and case report that sounding the innovation and recent development in dentistry including oral biology; dental material science and technology; oral and maxillofacial surgery; pedodontics; dental public health, epidemiology, preventive and community dentistry; conservative dentistry; periodontics; prosthodontics; orthodontics; oral medicine; dentomaxillofacial radiology; forensic dentistry as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. We accept publication in Indonesian or English.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Gigi - Kedokteran Gigi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 401 Documents
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Management of Acute Atrophic Erythematous Candidiasis in a Diabetes Mellitus Patient: A Case Report Tampubolon, Irene Anastasia; Ayuningtyas, Nurina Febriyanti; Pratiwi, Aulya Setyo; Dewi, Gremita Kusuma; Bakti, Reiska Kumala; Maheswari, Ardyta Lintang
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13091

Abstract

Introduction: Acute atrophic erythematous candidiasis is an oral mucosal infection caused by overgrowth of Candida spp., commonly associated with immunocompromised conditions such as diabetes mellitus. It presents as painful, erythematous lesions that may impair quality of life if untreated. Case: A 47-year-old male presented with tongue pain. Intraoral examination showed a well-demarcated, elongated erythematous lesion on the anterior one-third of the left dorsal tongue, measuring 2.5 × 1 cm, with a smooth surface and tenderness on palpation. The patient had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c 10.6%) and was on metformin, glimepiride, and amlodipine. Case Management: Fungal culture confirmed Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. The patient received topical nystatin oral suspension four times daily for two weeks. After 22 days, complete healing was observed. Poor glycemic control likely increased susceptibility through impaired immunity and changes in the oral environment. The presence of non-albicans Candida species reflects infection patterns in immunocompromised patients. Conclusion: Oral candidiasis is closely associated with diabetes mellitus. Effective management requires antifungal therapy combined with glycemic control and improved oral hygiene.
Management of Odontogenic Cutaneous Fistula Secondary to Dental Abscess: Report on Two Cases Rupayasa, Ni Putu Natasha Ayu; Anggayanti, Nyoman Ayu; Prestiyanti, Ni Made Ista
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13462

Abstract

Introduction: Odontogenic cutaneous fistula is an abnormal pathway that causes pathologic communication between the cutaneous surface of the face skin and the oral cavity that occurs due to a chronic dental infection. Case:  A 37-year-old male presented with frequent throbbing pain in all four wisdom teeth and a sunken scar on the lower left cheek, resulting from a carious lesion in the lower left molar. A 56-year-old female presented with a sunken scar on her cheek following the extraction of an infected upper molar. Case Management: Both odontogenic cutaneous fistulas were treated by addressing causative tooth infection, when present, in combination with fistulectomy. On follow-up, the first patient exhibited delayed wound closure, whereas the second achieved complete closure through a combined subcutaneous and cutaneous suturing technique. The extraoral fistula may present in various forms, with dimpling or retraction resulting from adherence to underlying tissues. Accurate diagnosis of odontogenic cutaneous fistulas that are often misdiagnosed require careful history taking, clinical evaluation, and radiographic examination. Definitive management typically involves fistulectomy to resolve the extraoral lesion. Conclusion: Odontogenic cutaneous fistulas are managed by eliminating dental infection and performing fistulectomy, with combined closure optimizing healing and aesthetic outcomes.
En Masse Retraction in Bimaxillary Protrusion and Molar Mesialization: A Case Report Sitasari, Putri Intan; Susanto, Henny; Wahyuningtyas, Erdiarti Dyah; Ardani, I Gusti Aju Wahju
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13572

Abstract

Introduction: Successful orthodontic treatment of bimaxillary protrusion requires effective anchorage control to enable anterior retraction without unwanted posterior tooth movement. Loss of molars can compromise anchorage, leading to mesial drift, space reopening, and loss of vertical control. Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) provide a reliable solution for achieving maximum anchorage. This case report describes the use of TADs for en masse retraction and third molar mesialization. Case: A 20-year-old female presented with a hyperdivergent profile and lip incompetence. Clinical examination revealed maxillary and mandibular incisor proclination. A gangrenous radix was present in the lower left region. Cephalometric analysis showed Class I skeletal malocclusion with a convex profile. Case Management: Based on clinical and radiographic findings, extraction therapy was planned due to arch length discrepancy. Anchorage was compromised following extraction of the lower left molar. TADs were placed to provide maximum anchorage, allowing en masse retraction of anterior teeth and controlled mesialization of the third molar. This approach minimized unwanted tooth movement and maintained vertical control throughout treatment. Conclusion: The use of TADs enabled effective anchorage control, facilitating precise en masse retraction and third molar mesialization, resulting in improved facial profile and occlusal outcomes.
Effect Of Moringa oleifera Extract Gel on Macrophage Cells in Diabetic Traumatic Ulcer Healing Ganesha, Raziv; Dermawan, I Gusti Ngurah Putra; Sari, Ni Nyoman Gemini; Kepakisan, Agung Wira Trystano
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13588

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic ulcers are common oral mucosal lesions caused by mechanical injury. In diabetes, wound healing is delayed due to impaired immune responses, including macrophage dysfunction. Moringa oleifera leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and saponins that have anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. This study evaluated the effect of Moringa oleifera extract gel on macrophage cell counts during traumatic ulcer healing in diabetic male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study used a post-test-only control group design with 32 male Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (STZ). Traumatic ulcers were created on the labial mucosa using a burnisher. Rats were divided into four treatment groups (P1–P4) receiving Moringa oleifera extract gel and four control groups (K1–K4) receiving 3% Na-CMC gel. Observations were conducted on days 3, 5, 7, and 9. Gel was applied three times daily. Tissue samples were processed histologically, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and examined for macrophage counts. Results: Mean macrophage counts in treatment groups were P1=11.45, P2=10.15, P3=12.33, and P4=10.28, while control groups were K1=5.65, K2=6.70, K3=7.65, and K4=10.25. One-Way ANOVA showed significant differences among groups (p=0.021). Tukey Post Hoc analysis revealed a significant difference between P3 and K1 (p=0.037). Pearson correlation showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.357; p=0.045). Conclusion: Moringa oleifera extract gel significantly affected macrophage cell counts during traumatic ulcer healing in diabetic male Wistar rats.
Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Leaf Extract Gel Is Able to Reduce TNF-α and IL-6 Post Tooth Extraction in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Dewi, Ni Putu Dian Cipta; Jawi, I Made; Purnawati, Susy
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13611

Abstract

Background: Tooth extraction is a procedure that can cause injury to the soft tissue. The inflammatory phase that occurs during wound healing triggers a series of tissue changes mediated by the immune system and cytokines. TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine levels should decrease as the wound heals, but otherwise it will slow wound healing and lead to chronic inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the extract gel of Moringa leaves on the wound healing process Materials and Methods: This research was conducted on 24 Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into four groups, 70%, 90% Moringa leaf extract gel group 70% and 90%, the control (+) oxyfresh gel, and the control (-) CMC-Na 2%. The left central incisor tooth was extracted, resulting in an injury to the gingival socket, and was given topical treatment every day for 7 days. Blood sampling from the orbital sinus was carried out on the 4th and 7th day after injury, and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The data obtained was tested with two-way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD. Results: The lowest IL-6 was found in the 90% Moringa leaf extract gel group, with an average of 80.86 ± 1.91, while the lowest TNF-α was found in the 90% day 7 group with 80.56 ± 0.41. There were significant differences between the test groups and the observation time, with p <0.05. Conclusion: Topical application of moringa oleifera gel was effective in reducing TNF-α.and.IL-6 levels after tooth extraction in Wistar rats
The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Animated Video Education on Elementary School Students’ Dental Health Knowledge Panjaitan, Caesary Cloudya; Khairunnisa Salsabilla; Goalbertus; Suwandi, Trijani
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13681

Abstract

Introduction: Oral health problems among children remain high due to limited knowledge and poor hygiene habits. The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey reported that 50.9% of the population experience oral health problems, while only 3.4% practice proper toothbrushing. Engaging educational media are therefore needed. Artificial intelligence (AI)–based animated videos provide interactive visual and audio content that is easily understood by children. This study evaluated their effectiveness in improving dental and oral health knowledge among elementary students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 53 fourth-grade students of SDN 146/VIII Rejosari. Dental health education was delivered using AI animated video media. Knowledge was assessed using a 19-item questionnaire before and after the intervention and categorized into good, sufficient, and poor. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test (p < 0.05). Results and Discussions: Before the intervention, most students had poor knowledge (69.81%), followed by sufficient (26.42%) and good (3.77%). After education, the good category increased to 52.83%, sufficient decreased to 39.62%, and poor decreased to 7.55%. Paired t-test results showed a significant improvement (p < 0.001). Conclusion: AI animated videos effectively improve elementary students’ dental and oral health knowledge.
Effect of Light-Curing Duration on the Surface Hardness of Nanohybrid Composite Resin I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Tista; Ernawati, Kadek Lusi; Mayfanka, I Gusti Ayu Raras
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13832

Abstract

Introduction: Nanohybrid composite resin is widely used due to its favorable esthetic and mechanical properties. Surface hardness is an important property influencing resistance to masticatory forces and wear, and it depends on the effectiveness of polymerization. Inadequate light-curing can reduce cross-link formation, resulting in lower hardness. This study evaluated the effect of different light-curing durations on the surface hardness of nanohybrid composite resin. Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental study used a post-test-only design with 27 samples of Filtek Z250. Samples were divided into three groups based on light-curing durations of 20, 30, and 40 seconds. Surface hardness was measured using a Vickers Hardness Tester. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test. Results and Discussion: The mean surface hardness values for 20, 30, and 40 seconds were 82.52 VHN, 84.69 VHN, and 92.85 VHN, respectively, showing increased hardness with longer curing time. A significant difference was found between the 20-second and 40-second groups (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed between 20 vs 30 seconds and 30 vs 40 seconds (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that longer light-curing improves polymerization and enhances surface hardness. Conclusion: Light-curing duration significantly affects the surface hardness of nanohybrid composite resin, with longer curing times producing higher hardness values.
Aloe Vera Extract Is More Effective in Inhibiting the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis Compared to Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.) Extract Rusmiany, Putu; Dewi, Maya Sari; Sebayang, Abimanyu Bagas Karo
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13834

Abstract

Introduction. Oral health is increasingly recognized as critical, as the oral cavity serves as a primary entry point for pathogens, potentially leading to oral diseases and systemic health complications. Materials and Methods. This experimental study employed a post-test only control group design to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Piper betle L. (betel leaf) extract compared to Aloe vera extract against Enterococcus faecalis, a key contributor to root canal treatment failure due to its high resistance and persistence in harsh environments. The study aimed to confirm the potential of these extracts as alternatives for managing E. faecalis infections in root canal therapy. Extracts were prepared via maceration using 96% ethanol as solvent, and inhibition zones were measured at 100% concentration against E. faecalis cultured on Mueller-Hinton agar. Results and Discussion. E. faecalis cultures were grown on Mueller-Hinton agar. Both extracts demonstrated inhibitory effects on bacterial growth, with betel leaf extract exhibiting greater efficacy than Aloe vera extract. Conclusion. Betel leaf extract showed superior antibacterial activity against E. faecalis compared to Aloe vera extract, supporting its potential as an adjunct in root canal disinfection.     Keywords : root canal irrigation , enterococcus faecalis, betel leaf, aloe vera  
Advantages and Limitations of Nanomaterials in Restorative and Endodontic Treatments: A Literature Review Ma’ruf, Mochammad Taha; Sidiqa, Atia Nurul; Yudistian, Ilma
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13837

Abstract

Introduction: Nanotechnology has transformed dentistry by introducing nanomaterials with superior mechanical properties, improved aesthetics, and enhanced antibacterial effects, thereby improving treatment outcomes. These materials have been widely adopted in modern dental treatments. However, concerns remain regarding their potential toxicity, production costs, and long-term effects on human health and the environment. This review explores the benefits and challenges of nanomaterials in dentistry, particularly their applications in restorative and endodontic treatments. It examines potential risks to provide a balanced perspective on their clinical use. Review: Nanomaterials enhance the strength and durability of dental restorations while reducing bacterial adhesion. In endodontics, nanomaterials enhance the antimicrobial activity and penetration of root canal sealers, thereby improving root canal disinfection and reducing the risk of reinfection. However, prolonged exposure to nanomaterials raises concerns about biocompatibility, oxidative stress, immune responses, and neurotoxicity. Current studies highlight the need for standardized safety protocols and long-term clinical trials. Conclusion: Nanotechnology offers significant advancements in dentistry, improving treatment durability and patient outcomes. However, further research is required to assess long-term safety, optimize materials for clinical use, and develop regulatory guidelines. Ensuring the biocompatibility and environmental safety of nanomaterials is a priority for their widespread adoption.
Effect of a School-Delivered “Tobacco-Free Home” Campaign on Adolescent Smoking and Periodontal Risk: An Analysis of Psychosocial Pathways Pratama, I Wayan Agus Wirya; Lily, Gusti Ayu Yohanna; Dewi, I Gusti Agung Ayu Chandra Iswari; Jain, Jithesh
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i1.13917

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescent smoking contributes to early-onset periodontal disease, while institutional prevention programs often lack reinforcement at home. This study evaluated an 8-week psychosocial intervention integrating school-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with a family-engaged Tobacco-Free Home (TFH) campaign to improve smoking behavior, risk attitudes, and social support. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design involved 259 adolescent smokers in Bali, Indonesia. Intact classrooms were clustered into intervention (n = 139) and control (n = 120) groups. Psychosocial variables were measured at baseline and week 8. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Pearson correlation, and ANCOVA adjusted for baseline covariates. Result and Discussion: The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in all outcomes compared with controls. Smoking behavior improved significantly (Δ = 0.76, p < 0.001), while ANCOVA confirmed strong group effects (F = 62.14). Positive correlations (r > 0.49) indicated that smoke-free home norms reinforced cognitive self-regulation, supporting social support as a key mediator. Conclusion: The CBT–TFH model effectively modified determinants of adolescent smoking behavior, with social support as an important catalyst for change. By extending intervention effects into the home environment, this strategy may help reduce long-term periodontal disease risk.

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