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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 22 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)" : 22 Documents clear
Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of MRSA at Intensive Care Room of Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin Shania Indah Chineko; Dewi Indah Noviana Pratiwi; Rahmiati Rahmiati; Noor Muthmainnah; Alfi Yasmina
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1649

Abstract

Infection caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a healthcare-associated infection that receives the most significant attention worldwide due to its resistance. Administration of precise and rational antibiotics can prevent high MRSA rates in hospitals. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA at the intensive care room of Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, between 2016 and 2018. This study was an observational analytic study by taking the results of culture and antibiotic susceptibility pattern data of the MRSA isolated from patients treated at the intensive care room retrospectively. The results showed 37 data of patients suffering from MRSA at the intensive care room in 2016-2018, with a percentage of 23.81%, 25.81%, and 35.19%, respectively. The most common sources of MRSA isolate in this study were sputum (32.39%), blood (29.27%), and pus (16.67%). From 2016 to 2017, there was a decreased susceptibility to macrolide antibiotics, aminoglycosides such as Gentamicin, and quinolones such as Moxifloxacin. In 2018, there was an increased susceptibility pattern of some antibiotics compared to the previous period. Antibiotics with the highest susceptibility in period of 2016-2018 were Linezolid, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Tigecycline, Nitrofurantoin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. Also, the antibiotic with the lowest susceptibility was Tetracycline. It was concluded that there had been changes in some antibiotics' susceptibility pattern to MRSA within 2016-2018.
Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern in Diabetic Ulcer Patients Mita Rahma Yani; Dewi Indah Noviana Pratiwi; Rahmiati Rahmiati; Noor Muthmainah; Alfi Yasmina
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1652

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers are a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and have a high risk of infection. Severe ulcer infections are a significant cause of lower-extremity amputations in addition to trauma. Therefore, therapy for diabetic ulcer infections must be performed immediately. This study aimed to determine the bacterial susceptibility pattern to the antibiotic in diabetic ulcer patients. This study was retrospective observational descriptive by taking the results of swab culture and antibiotic susceptibility patterns data in diabetic ulcer patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, in 2016-2018. The results showed 41 (62.1%) monomicrobial infections and 25 (37.9%) polymicrobial infections. The number of Gram-negative bacilli (57.4%) was higher than Gram-positive cocci (42.6%). The most common bacterial isolates on pus culture were Staphylococcus aureus (26.6%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19.1%), and Escherichia coli (12.8%). Antibiotic susceptibility test results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to Tigecycline (100%), Nitrofurantoin (96.9%), and Linezolid (96.8%). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to Ertapenem (92.7%), Meropenem, and Amikacin (90.6%). S.aureus isolates were sensitive 100% to Meropenem and Tigecycline. K.peneumoniae and E.coli isolates were susceptible 100% to Meropenem and Amikacin. It was concluded in this study that the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in diabetic ulcer infection was higher than Gram-positive bacteria. The most common isolated Gram-negative bacteria were K.pneumoniae and E.coli, while the most common Gram-positive bacteria were S.aureus. The most sensitive antibiotics for K.pneumoniae and E.coli were Meropenem and Amikacin, while the most sensitive antibiotics for S.aureus were Linezolid and Tigecycline.
Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum Glutamate Rich Protein in Patients Attending the Merauke Hospital in Papua Province, Indonesia Thomas Tandi Manu; Puspa Wardhani; Heny Arwati; Aryati Aryati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1662

Abstract

Malaria remains an important health problem in Indonesia with the highest transmission in Papua Province, an eastern part of this country. The genetic diversity of malaria parasites is the main problem in understanding several aspects of malaria infections and the dynamics of their transmission, which also play a role in the development of a vaccine. Plasmodium falciparum is the deadliest of the human malaria parasites. Plasmodium falciparum glutamate-rich protein (Pfglurp) is one of the many erythrocytic stages antigens currently under development for a vaccine. The Pfglurp gene hasbeen extensively used as a marker to investigate the genetic diversity, Multiplicity of Infection (MOI), the level of malaria transmission, immunity against malaria, as well as a discriminatory instrument to distinguish new from recrudescent infections of the field parasite population. Thus, this genotyping study aimed to find out the genetic population of P.falciparum at the Merauke District, Province of Papua, Indonesia. DNA samples were isolated from Dried Blood Spots (DBS) obtained from P.falciparum infected patients in the Regional Public Hospital of Merauke, Province of Papua, Indonesiaduring May 2019-July 2019. The isolated DNAs were then amplified for nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) prior to Pfglurp genotyping. The glurp gene was identified in all 51 DBS samples of P.falciparum-infected patients, and 18 variants of allele were found. Among them, 45.10% were found to bear multigenotype infections. The size of the dominant allele (12.5%) was 701-750 bp. The MOI was 1.58. The genetic population of P.falciparum in Merauke Hospital has contained a higher percentage of multigenotypes compared with monogenotypes indicating the high transmission of malaria in the studied area.
Relationship between Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Levels and Heart Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure Patients Rima Hayyu Chrisnanda; M. Robiul Fuadi; S.P. Edijanto; M. Yusuf
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1664

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is still a serious problem in the world of health. Life expectancy after being diagnosed with heart failure is 50% and 10% for 5 and 10 years. Steroid hormones such as Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) have cardioprotective effects by inhibiting the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, pulmonary artery vasodilators, and protecting cardiomyocytes. DHEAS levels decrease with age. Decreased DHEAS levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to know the relationship between DHEAS levels in serum and ejection fractions in heart failure patients. This cross-sectional study used a sample of 34 people aged > 30 years who had been diagnosed with heart failure by a specialist in the Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine. The diagnosis of heart failure uses Echocardiography to determine the ejection heart fraction. DHEAS levels were taken from venous blood and examined using the CLEIA method with an IMMULITE device (Siemens Healthineers, Germany). Statistical analysis was performed by Spearman correlation test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Thirty-four research subjects found that 13 patients had an ejection fraction of 40% (Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction/HFrEF), 12 patients had an ejection fraction of 41-49% (borderline) and 9 patients had an ejection fraction of ≥ 50% (Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction/HFpEF). Spearman correlation test results obtained a correlation coefficient or r=0.357 with a value of p=0.038, which meant there was a significant relationship between DHEAS with ejection fraction (p < 0.05). The lower the DHEAS level, the ejectionfraction would also be lower. Further with age, DHEAS levels get lower. The lower the DHEAS level, the lower the ejection fraction.
Analysis of Urea, Creatinine, and Platelet Indices in Hypertensive Patients Ratna Delima Hutapea; Yuyun Widaningsih; Fitriani Mangarengi; Darwati Muhadi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1666

Abstract

Hypertension may lead to complications of kidneys and blood vessels. Measurement of urea, creatinine, and platelet indices can be markers of renal function and endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to analyze the profile and correlation between renal function parameters such as urea and creatinine and platelet indices (MPV, PDW, and PCT) with blood pressure in hypertensive patients. One hundred and thirty-third hypertensive patients treated at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from April to July 2019 were involved in this cross-sectional study. Researchers collected demographic data, blood pressure degrees (based on ESC 2018), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and urea, creatinine, and platelet index value (MPV, PDW, and PCT) data from the medical record. Descriptive analysis, Spearman test, Fisher exact test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used confidence interval of 95%. A total of 133 participants were involved in this research. There were significant difference between the mean age (p=0.023), MPV (p=0.032), and PCT (p=0.019) to the degree of hypertension, while gender (p=0.185), urea (p=0.106), creatinine (p=0.498), platelet (p=0.094) and PDW (0.826) showed no significant difference. The bivariate correlation test showed that urea (rs= -0.232 p=0.007) and creatinine (rs= -0.180 p=0.038) had a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure. Platelets index, MPV (rs=0.285 p=0.001), and PDW (rs=0.179) were positively correlated to systolic blood pressure. Also, urea levels and creatinine were positively correlated with MPV value. There was an increase in MPV along with the increase of urea, creatinine. An increase in MPV could be a predictor of endothelial damage and the risk of atherothrombosis.
Correlation between Ferritin Levels with Malondialdehyde and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio on Iron Overload Imam Budiwiyono; Purwanto AP; Nyoman Suci Widyastiti; Hadian Hadian; Kusmiyati DK
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1675

Abstract

Thalassemia major is one of the types of thalassemia that need a routine blood transfusion. If not treated immediately, the patient will only last for 1-8 months. Blood transfusions performed at least or more than 10 times causes iron overload. Excess levels of Fe ions in the body will be stored in the form of ferritin. If the ferritin level is high, cell damage will occur in the presence of a fat peroxidation reaction or Malondialdehyde (MDA). Cell damage can trigger proinflammation, which increases neutrophil counts and decreases lymphocyte counts. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), which measures the ratio between Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) divided by Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) with a manual peripheral blood picture. This study aimed to determine the correlation of ferritin levels with MDA and NLR in iron overload. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach, with samples were thalassemia patients who received repeated blood transfusions at the General Hospital Dr. R Soetrasno, Rembang City and Regional General Hospital Dr. R Soedjati, Grobogan Purwodadi. Inclusion criteria were age 10-18 years, transfusion 10-20 times, normal body temperature. Exclusion criteria were Fe therapy orally, leukocytosis, chronic kidney disease. In the MDA levels, there was no significant difference where p=0.25 by Spearman test. In the NLR there was no significant difference where p=0.91 by Spearman test. There is no correlation between ferritin levels with MDA and NLR in iron overload.
Correlation between Serum Endocan and HbA1c in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Catur Suci Sutrisnani; Sidarti Soehita Satjadibrata; Soebagijo Poegoeh Edijanto; Anik Widijanti; Haryudi Aji Cahyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1676

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of complications of cardiovascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. One of the new biomarkers for inflammatory conditions and endothelial dysfunction is endocan. This study aimed to determine the correlation between endocan levels and HbA1c in type 1 DM patients. This study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach performed at the Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang from May to August 2019. The research subjects were children aged 10-18 years with a diagnosis of type 1 DM who met the inclusion criteria. Students who underwent routine health checks participated as the control group. In both groups, serum endocan levels were measured using the ELISA method and HbA1c levels were measured by the HPLC method. Independent T-test analysis was used to determine the differences between both groups and the Pearson test was used to determine the correlation between serum endocan and HbA1c with SPSS version 23. In this study, there were 40 type 1 DM patients and 40 healthy controls with a mean age of 14.5 (3.16) years in the type 1 DM group and 14.7 (0.99) years in the healthy control group. There was a higher number of female subjects in both the type 1 DM group (57.5%) and the healthy control group (65%). The mean endocan level in the type 1 DM group was higher than the control group and was statistically significant with 1090.61 (150.84) pg/mL vs. 775.56 (8.91) pg/mL, p=0.000). The mean value for HbA1c levels in the type 1 DM group was also significantly higher compared to the control group 9.63 (2.22%) vs. 4.69 (0.251%), p <0.001), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between endocan levels and HbA1c in DM patients (p=0.025, r=0.354). This study showed a correlation between serum endocan levels and HbA1c in patients with type 1 DM.
Cross-Reaction Antibody Test between SARS-CoV-2 and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Indonesia Danny Luhulima; Tri Soetowo; Ria Amelia
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1681

Abstract

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness from the common cold to severe diseases such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). In December 2019, forty new cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology have been reported in Wuhan, China. The disease resembles Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and has been subsequently named the 2019-novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The antibody test is a blood test that provides quantitative and qualitative detection of IgG and IgM antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2. Reported a male, 43-year oldsuffering from DHF, but the results of an IgG and IgM rapid test were COVID-19 reactive. Also, reviewed rapid tests for COVID-19 and the results showed that only IgG was reactive. This explained that the patient already had SARS Cov-2 antibodies but was not suffering from the disease. The rapid test COVID-19 IgM result was deemed to be a false positive.
Relationship between Protein C and Antithrombin Levels with SOFA Score in Sepsis Nurma Sheila; Adi Koesoema Aman; Achsanuddin Hanafie
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1731

Abstract

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the failure of the host's response against infection. Organ dysfunction in sepsis can be represented by an acute change in the SOFA score > 2 points as a consequence of infection. Proinflammatory cytokines in sepsis activate the coagulation cascade and cause a decrease in protein C and antithrombin III. This study aimed to determine protein C and antithrombin III levels in sepsis patients and their relationship with SOFA score. This study was an analytical study with a prospective cohort design. The subjects of this study were sepsis patients at Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. Protein C, antithrombin III, and SOFA score were tested twice (first day and third day), and the relationship between protein C and antithrombin III with SOFA score was analyzed. From 33 samples, it was found that protein C and antithrombin III levels were lower in sepsis patients. There was a significant negative correlation between protein C and SOFA score on the first day (r= -0.502, p= 0.003), but no significant correlation was found on the third day. There was a significant negative correlation between antithrombin III and SOFA score on the first day (r= -0.513, p=0.002), but no significant correlation was found on the third day. It was concluded that there was a significant relationship between protein C and antithrombin III with SOFA score on the first day of sepsis patients.
Role of Lactic Acid as Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Novi Khila Firani; Theresa Sugiarti Oetji
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1734

Abstract

The hypoxic-ischemic condition causes tissue metabolic abnormalities and organ dysfunction, characterized by elevated blood lactic acid levels. It is suspected that increased lactic acid in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients could increase mortality risk. This study aimed to determine whether increased lactic acid levels could be used as a predictor of mortality in AMI patients. The analytical observational-cohort study was performed on AMI patients who were admitted to Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. Research subjects were divided into two groups, the group of deceased and living AMI patients, who were tested for lactic acid, troponin-I, CKMB, and creatinine levels at admission. Diabetes mellitus and septic patients were excluded. For analysis of lactic acid as a predictor of mortality, ROC curve analysis and odds ratio were used. There found that lactic acid levels in the deceased AMI patients group were higher compared to that of the living AMI patients (p < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity values of lactic acid as a predictor of mortality in AMI patients at a cut-off of 3.5 mmol/L were 66.7% and 80%, respectively. Odds ratio analysis showed that AMI patients with lactic acid levels more than 3.5 mmol/L had 8 times greater mortality risk than those whose level less than 3.5 mmol/L. It was concluded that lactic acid level can be used as an indicator to predict the mortality of AMI patients.

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