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Acta Chimica Asiana
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 2550049x     EISSN : 25500503     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Acta Chimica Asiana (online ISSN 2550-0503, print ISSN 2550-049x) is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes high-quality original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Significant finding that is insufficient to be presented as comprehensive paper but needs to reach the reader immediately may also be submitted as a short communication. The editors welcome original contributions that have not been published and are not under consideration elsewhere. This journal published by the Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and the University of Mataram. All papers published free of charge. Upon request, language assistance may also be provided to ensure valuable works in chemistry meet their readers. Acta Chimica Asiana is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry, including applied chemistry, and chemical engineering. Subject areas include (but are by no means limited to): 1. Analytical chemistry, including new techniques and instrumentation 2. Biochemistry and medicinal chemistry 3. Inorganic chemistry, including main group, transition metal, and f-block compounds, as well as coordination, organometallic, and solid state chemistry 4. Materials chemistry of hard and soft matter, from the nanoscale upwards 5. Nuclear chemistry and radioactivity 6. Organic chemistry, including synthesis, characterization, and properties of organic compounds, as well as study of organic reactions and their mechanisms 7. Physical chemistry and chemical physics 8. Sustainable, green, and environmental chemistry 9. Theoretical and computational chemistry
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 128 Documents
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Kombucha tea from ambarella fruit as a natural antibacterial agent against Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus aureus Musyirna Rahmah Nasution; Agfa Febriyananda
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.257

Abstract

Kombucha tea is a traditional fermented beverage known for its probiotic benefits, produced from sweetened tea fermented with a Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY). Recent innovations have focused on enhancing its functional properties using local fruit extracts. However, studies on the incorporation of Spondias dulcis (kedondong), a native fruit of Riau, remain limited. This study aims to formulate kombucha tea enriched with kedondong juice and evaluate its quality and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Four formulations were prepared with kedondong juice concentrations of 0% (F1), 10% (F2), 20% (F3), and 30% (F4). Parameters observed included organoleptic properties, pH, alcohol content, microbial growth, and total acidity. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method, and results were statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. F4 on day 7 showed the highest inhibition zones (13.30 mm for E. coli and 14.49 mm for S. aureus), with significant differences between formulations (p < 0.05). This study highlights the potential of kedondong-enriched kombucha tea as a functional probiotic beverage and a natural source of mild antibacterial agents, offering an innovative approach to utilizing local biodiversity in public health.
Molecular docking study of mutant levansucrase (E342A) from Bacillus subtilis as a receptor for D-glucopyranose and β-D-fructofuranose ligands: Molecular docking study of mutant levansucrase Diah Miftahul Aini; Firda Ade Irmayanti; Emmy Yuanita; Maulida Septiyana; Baiq Desy Ratnasari
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.262

Abstract

Molecular docking is a widely applied computational approach for predicting the binding modes of small-molecule ligands within the active site of a target protein. This research investigated the interactions of mutant levansucrase E342A from Bacillus subtilis (PDB ID: 1PT2) for β-D-fructofuranose and D-glucopyranose ligands. Using AutoDock Vina, the docking results indicated that β-D-fructofuranose exhibited a higher binding energy of –5.6 kcal/mol, compared to D-glucopyranose with a value of –5.4 kcal/mol, suggesting a more stable interaction. It was supported by the binding interaction analysis of β-D-fructofuranose, which established five hydrogen bonds, including direct interactions with the key catalytic residues Asp86 (2.76 Å) and Asp247 (2.64 Å) that are essential for the enzymatic reaction. In contrast, D-glucopyranose formed four hydrogen bonds, involving Arg360 (3.07 Å) and Glu340 (2.64 Å), with most residues contributing to structural stabilization rather than direct catalysis. These results confirm that β-D-fructofuranose plays a crucial role as a determinant of levansucrase activity in the biosynthesis of levan-type FOS, which are known to exhibit strong prebiotic activity.
Screening Virtual Senyawa Turunan Azo-Asetohidrazida sebagai Inhibitor Potensial Alfa-Glukosidase Muhammad Zulqurnain; Sakti Hidayati Fikriya; Andi Suharman; Annisha Noor Dienna; First Ambar Wati
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.263

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance, insufficient insulin secretion, or a combination of both conditions. A potential therapeutic target for treating this illness is the suppression of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme, which is a key regulator of postprandial glucose absorption and carbohydrate metabolism. This work conducted a thorough in silico analysis to evaluate the efficacy of three synthesised azo-acetohydrazide derivatives (designated compounds C, D, and E) as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness characteristics were evaluated using the SwissADME platform, while molecular docking simulations were conducted with AutoDockTools against the alpha-glucosidase enzyme structure sourced from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 3W37), utilising acarbose as a reference inhibitor. All three compounds adhered to essential drug-likeness criteria, including those established by Lipinski, Veber, and Ghose, and exhibited advantageous physicochemical characteristics, such as appropriate molecular weight, lipophilicity, topological polar surface area, and aqueous solubility. The compounds were anticipated to have significant gastrointestinal absorption and had no ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, suggesting a minimal risk of central nervous system damage. Compound E demonstrated the highest binding affinity among the compounds, with a docking score of –7.80 kcal/mol, and formed multiple stabilising interactions within the enzyme's active region, such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic contacts, and electrostatic interactions. This study's novelty is the computational discovery of azo-acetohydrazide scaffolds as inadequately investigated chemical entities with potential antidiabetic properties. These findings establish a theoretical basis for continued development and substantiate future endeavours in the synthesis and experimental validation of these molecules. This study validates the efficacy of structure-based drug design in discovering novel alpha glucosidase inhibitors and identifies compound E as a good candidate for further in vitro and in vivo research in type 2 diabetes treatment.
Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum gratissimum root extract and their biological activities against some clinical pathogens Chioma Mercy Nzerema; Prince Joe Nna; Kingsley John Orie
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.267

Abstract

This study investigates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Ocimum gratissimum root extract, along with their characterization and antibacterial efficacy. Proximal analysis revealed low moisture (8.02 ± 0.11%), crude protein (3.31 ± 0.28%), crude fat (2.01 ± 0.59%), moderate fibre (9.18 ± 0.40%), and ash (5.11 ± 0.91%), indicating a carbohydrate-rich composition. AgNPs were synthesized using the root extract as reducing and stabilizing agent; UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed their formation with a surface plasmon resonance peak at 425 nm, consistent with spherical nanoparticles (30–100 nm). FTIR identified phenolic and polysaccharide functional groups (O–H, C=O, C–O), while XRD indicated a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with good crystallinity. SEM micrographs showed mostly spherical particles with minimal aggregation. Antimicrobial activity at 10–20 mg/mL was tested against Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The root extract alone showed no activity at 10 mg/mL but exhibited dose-dependent inhibition at higher concentrations (ZOIs: 10.40–15.16 mm). AgNPs displayed stronger broad-spectrum efficacy (ZOIs: 7.12–18.9 mm), often surpassing gentamicin. These findings highlight the potential of O. gratissimum root-derived AgNPs as eco-friendly antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant organisms.
Physically activated corn cob carbon for congo red and methanil yellow removal Faridatun Sholehah; Rabiatul Adawiyah; Bahrun Bahrun
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.272

Abstract

The conversion of agricultural residues into sustainable adsorbents provides an environmentally responsible pathway for advanced wastewater treatment. In this work, physically activated carbon was synthesized from corncob, an abundant and underutilized agricultural byproduct, through carbon dioxide activation at elevated temperatures. Comprehensive characterization using BET surface area analysis, SEM-EDX, and FTIR confirmed the formation of a highly porous structure with abundant surface functional groups, favourable for dye adsorption. The adsorbent exhibited excellent performance in removing Congo Red (CR) and Metanil Yellow (MY), achieving maximum adsorption capacities of 59.88 mg/g and 30.47 mg/g, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm provides a good description of the equilibrium data, while the kinetic results follow the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that monolayer chemisorption is the dominant mechanism. These findings underscore the potential of corncob-derived activated carbon as a cost-effective, renewable, and high-performance material for sustainable wastewater remediation
Optimization of microwave irradiation time for KOH-activated carbon from oil palm fronds Rahmat Zikri; Ayu Sapitri; Yolanda Rati
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.275

Abstract

Activated carbon is a widely applied adsorbent material in wastewater treatment, whose physical and chemical properties are strongly influenced by the activation method employed. Microwave irradiation–based physical activation has emerged as an attractive alternative, offering shorter processing times and lower energy consumption compared to conventional heating methods. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying microwave irradiation times on the characteristics of activated carbon derived from oil palm fronds (OPF) waste. The synthesis process began with carbonization at 600 °C for 60 minutes to produce OPF char, followed by chemical activation using KOH with a char-to-KOH mass ratio of 1:1 (g/g) in 100 mL of demineralized water, and subsequently physical activation using a microwave at 200 W for 5 minutes (A5D200), 10 minutes (A10D200), and 15 minutes (A15D200). Characterization was conducted in accordance with SNI 06-3730-1995 standards (moisture content, ash content, and iodine adsorption capacity), as well as physicochemical analyses including crystallinity, surface area, functional groups, morphology, and elemental composition. The results demonstrated that all samples met the SNI requirements, with the highest iodine adsorption capacity (828.69 mg/g) and the largest surface area (824.26 m²/g) obtained at A10D200. XRD analysis revealed the dominance of amorphous structures with an increasing Lc/La ratio as the irradiation time increased, while SEM images showed relatively small and uniformly distributed pores. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of O–H, C=O, C=C, C–H, and C–O functional groups. In conclusion, a 10-minute irradiation time produced activated carbon with an optimal balance between pore structure, surface area, and adsorption capacity
Extraction and total phenolic content from mistletoe on oil palm (Ficus heteropleura Blume) leaves and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Fhadilla Sahara; Fitra Perdana; Rahmiwati Hilma
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v8i2.247

Abstract

Ficus heteropleura Blume, commonly known as mistletoe, is a semi-parasitic plant frequently found on oil palm plants. This study aimed to evaluate the secondary metabolite content, total phenolic concentration, and the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Ficus heteropleura leaves. Extraction was conducted via grade maceration and total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while antioxidant potential was evaluated through the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, and phenolics with a total phenolic content of 25.500 mg GAE/g. The extract exhibited moderate antibacterial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 7.5 to 10.3 mm. The antioxidant activity was classified as very strong with an IC₅₀ value of 0.67 µg/mL, compared to 0.45 µg/mL for ascorbic acid.
New-onset diabetes after covid-19: mechanisms, metabolic implications, and clinical insights Emad Al-Mulla; Baneen Sarhan Al-Bederi; Abtisam Faris Al-Shukry
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v9i1.248

Abstract

COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, the impact of COVID-19 is not limited to the lungs only, but rather extends to affect other organs and body systems resulting in other complications that continue during the period of infection or beyond that. New onset diabetes and hyperglycemia is one of the complications of this virus. This study aims to investigate some biomarkers (HbA1c, triglycerides and cholesterol) in group of patients with post covid-19 syndrome and patient with post covid-19 hyperglycemia. Blood samples were withdrawn from 100 (50 controls including 25 males and 25 females and 50 patients including 25 males and 25 females) to investigate HbA1c, triglycerides and cholesterol levels. The result of the present study show that HbA1c significantly increased in PCS males (p.value=0.04) and in PCS females (p.value=0.05) in comparison with control males and control females respectively. The results also show that triglycerides have a significant elevation in PCS males (p.value=0.00) and PCS females(p.value=0.04) in comparison with control males and control females respectively. In the other hand cholesterol was non-significant in both groups. Correlation studies also included and show that there is no significant correlation between HbA1c and other measured parameters. Correlation studies also show that Triglycerides had a strong positive correlation with cholesterol in both PCS groups. Post COVID-19 hyperglycemia is a public health problem in concern and affect the body’s biochemical markers such as HbA1c and triglycerides reflecting their importance in monitoring the overall health in this group of patients.
Development of a Cr(VI) metal ion detection sensor using a modified pencil lead electrode (PLE) with a silver thin layer using the voltammetry method Nella Aulia Putri; Trisna Kumala Sari; Budhi Oktavia; Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v9i1.251

Abstract

Chromium(VI) metal ions have harmful effects on the environment and organisms. Chromium(VI) particles can cause chromosomal abnormalities, cross-linking, disruption of the cell cycle, and DNA damage within cells. Therefore, due to its high toxicity, it is crucial to monitor the concentration of chromium(VI) metal ions in the environment. This study aims to detect Cr(VI) metal ions in a simple, rapid, and effective manner. Electrochemical methods are employed to investigate the performance of PLE and Ag/PLE electrodes and to determine the optimal conditions for electrodeposition cycles and supporting electrolyte concentrations in detecting Cr(VI) metal ions. The electrochemical method is based on the specific reaction of the analyte, which generates an electrical signal. The PLE surface is modified with a silver thin layer through electrodeposition using cyclic voltammetry. The silver thin layer used for electrode modification offers several advantages, including improved electron transport and enhanced electrocatalytic response. The results indicate that the performance of Ag/PLE is superior to that of PLE in detecting Cr(VI) metal ions under optimal supporting electrolyte conditions, specifically 0.1 M HNO₃ with one electrodeposition cycle. Calibration curve analysis for Cr(VI) ions yielded the regression equation y = 0.6688x + 0.0085, with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9958 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.18 mM.
Safety and termiticidal efficacy of gliricidia sepium leaf extract: dermal irritation and toxicity againts Coptotermes curvignathus Lalu Busyairi Muhsin; Nurul Indriani
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v9i1.254

Abstract

The overuse of synthetic insecticides in agriculture and household pest control raises concerns regarding health risks, environmental toxicity, and insect resistance. In Indonesia, about 15% of agricultural and plantation land is affected by pest infestations, with Coptotermes curvignathus recognized as one of the most destructive species due to its wood-boring activity. This study aimed to develop an eco-friendly insecticide using Gliricidia sepium leaf extract, which contains bioactive compounds such as steroids, tannins, and saponins with insecticidal potential. Four formulations were prepared with extract concentrations of 0 g (F0), 0.15 g (F1), 0.3 g (F2), and 0.45 g (F3) in 100 mL solvent. Physicochemical evaluations included pH measurement, stability observation, and homogeneity testing, while safety was assessed through dermal irritation tests on rabbits using the Draize method. Efficacy against termites was evaluated using probit analysis (IBM SPSS v22). Results showed that all formulations were physically stable, homogenous, and exhibited suitable pH values. Irritation testing revealed no erythema or edema, with primary irritation indices below 0.5, classifying the formulations as non-irritating even at low pH values. Insecticidal testing demonstrated complete termite mortality, with the F3 formulation showing the most rapid and potent effect. These findings indicate that G. sepium extract-based formulations are safe, effective, and environmentally friendly, supporting their potential as botanical insecticides to replace synthetic alternatives in sustainable pest management systems.

Page 12 of 13 | Total Record : 128

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