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Manna Rafflesia
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu
ISSN : 23564547     EISSN : 27210006     DOI : 10.38091
Core Subject : Religion,
Religion
Manna Rafflesia (Jurnal Teologi Agama Kristen) yang dikelola oleh Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu (STTAB). Jurnal ini diterbitkan sebagai upaya untuk melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Secara khusus dalam bidang penelitian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 2 kali dalam setahun (per 6 bulan), yaitu pada Bulan April dan Oktober. Jurnal Manna Rafflesia merupakan wadah publikasi hasil penelitian teologi
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 229 Documents
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PERAN GEREJA DALAM MEMUTUS MATA RANTAI KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK Butar-butar, Grecetinovitria; Gea, Ibelala; Hombing , Herdiana Boru
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.542

Abstract

Sexual violence against children requires preventive efforts accompanied by serious and sustained measures to break the chain of sexual violence against children. The purpose of this study is to determine the role, efforts, and solutions that can be implemented by the church in breaking the chain of sexual violence against children. In analyzing this issue, the research method used is qualitative research and a descriptive approach. Based on the research, the results show that efforts to break the chain of sexual violence can be carried out through the church's work in the areas of Koinonia, Marturia, and Diakonia. Solutions and efforts that can be made by the church can begin with awareness of the ecosystem of sexual violence against children, followed by concrete action. The church needs to voice the urgency of sexual crimes and appeal to the congregation through sermons to increase awareness and supervision of children, provide faith guidance for all categorical groups, and provide assistance to victims.
DYOTHELITISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF JOHN CALVIN: ANALISIS THEOLOGIS TERHADAP KONSEP DUALITAS KEHENDAK KRISTUS Lawalata, Mozes
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.581

Abstract

Dyothelitism is the doctrine that teaches that in Christ there are two different wills, the divine will and the human will. History records that this doctrine has sparked a very long theological debate among Christians, especially between the Monophysites and the Nestorians. Starting from this fact, through this article, the author will analyse the doctrine of dyothelitism in the perspective of John Calvin, namely analysing how Calvin interpreted and integrated the two wills of Christ in the Christological framework he built, as well as its doctrinal implications for the church today. This research uses a qualitative method with a historical-theological approach, referring to Calvin's works, especially Institutio Christianae Religionis, as well as the results of the Council of Constantinople III (681 AD) which confirmed Dyothelitism as an orthodox doctrine. The analysis shows that the duality of Christ's will not only maintains the balance between His divine and human natures, but also has a significant impact on the understanding of Christian soteriology and spirituality. The article also shows that dyothelitism not only maintains the integrity of Christ's nature as both God and man, but also ensures the effectiveness of His work of salvation. By understanding this concept, the church can more fully appreciate the mystery of the Incarnation and the redemptive work of Christ.
RELIGION AS A MEANS OF RESTORATION: A THEOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TRAUMA AND RELIGIOUS VIOLENCE IN INDONESIA Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.589

Abstract

This article advocates for a constructive theological approach, in which theology is employed to interpret and give meaning to human experiences within the public sphere and daily life. One of the most profound traumatic experiences faced by individuals and societies is violence. Religious violence, in particular, represents a collective trauma, as it involves the misuse of religious symbols and language to legitimize acts of aggression. Consequently, theological efforts are essential to rediscover and reaffirm the noble values that constitute the essence and true purpose of religion, ensuring their revitalization. Importantly, the phenomenon of violence perpetrated in the name of religion does not indicate that religion itself is inherently violent; rather, it underscores the propensity of certain religious adherents toward conflict and aggression. This article also seeks to challenge and correct the stigmatization imposed by secularist perspectives, which unjustly portray religion as a fundamental source of violence, as a dangerous entity, or as a force that contributes more to harm than to good. On the contrary, this study highlights the richness of religious traditions, which encompass profound teachings of virtue, nobility, and moral greatness—values that hold significant potential for fostering healing, peace, solidarity, and reconciliation. Furthermore, this article explores the necessity of religious engagement in contemporary global and pluralistic societies. It examines how religious communities should embody their theological commitments within the public sphere in ways that contribute to minimizing human suffering and addressing the traumas that pervade modern life .
MISSION ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH AGENDA Nainggolan, Desiana; Pardede, Rio Janto
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.596

Abstract

This study aims to provide guidance in the theoretical development of mission entrepreneurship through a Systematic Literature Review and provide an overview of the situation when the research is carried out, as well as discover the gap for further research. The results of the review found answers to research questions, namely that previous studies were more dominant in discussing mission entrepreneurship only as a concept. Based on the review, the research types that are still rarely used are quantitative and mixed-methods. Responses from respondents or researchers are more directed to the concept of mission entrepreneurship. The understanding of mission entrepreneurship is not comprehensive enough. The previous article did not discuss the biblical text as the theological basis for mission entrepreneurship. The geographical distribution (country) analysis, which became the subject and object of research, was more dominant in Indonesia, followed by America. The Church and missionaries more widely use the impact of the research results in the mission field. As for the mission strategy and the mission agency itself, it does not have a significant effect. Therefore, this Systematic Literature Review research is expected to guide and map future mission entrepreneurship theory development.
RESPON INTOLERANSI BERAGAMA BERDASARKAN 1 PETRUS 4: 12-14 Butar-Butar, Marlon
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.602

Abstract

The issue of intolerance and violations of religious freedom in Indonesia threatens interfaith harmony, especially for Christian students. This study aims to analyze the biblical response to religious intolerance according to 1 Peter 4:12-14 and provide practical guidance for Christian students in facing persecution. The method used is qualitative, with a descriptive analysis of the biblical text. The results show that suffering and persecution are part of the Christian faith, where persecution is understood as a trial that strengthens faith. In conclusion, Christian students need to be equipped with an understanding of religious moderation, in-depth Christian education, and church training to wisely and compassionately face intolerance, enabling them to remain steadfast in faith while respecting the diversity around them.
KEPEMIMPINAN KRISTEN DAN NILAI-NILAI HAK ASASI MANUSIA SEBAGAI STRATEGI TEOLOGIS DALAM MENANGKAL RADIKALISME Sumual, Elisa Nimbo; Rahayu, Yohana Fajar; Angkouw, Semuel Ruddy
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.610

Abstract

Radicalism developing within religious educational institutions poses a serious threat and challenge to social life and harmony. Religious institutions, which should serve as spaces for character building and spirituality, have the potential to become fertile ground for the spread of extremist ideologies and hatred. The failure to integrate universal human values and theology that respects others is one of the main causes of the weakness of religious organisations. Moreover, the phenomenon of increasing intolerance among the younger religious generation shows a crisis in moral leadership and education based on religious teachings. This study aims to examine the strategic role of Christian leadership and human rights education as a theological approach to countering radicalism in religious educational institutions. Using a descriptive qualitative method based on literature review, it can be concluded that the role of Christian leadership theology as the foundation of anti-radicalism and human rights education from a Christian theological perspective are interdependent elements that must be integrated, encompassing both Christian leadership and human rights education. This serves as a preventive theological strategy, thereby presenting both the value of implementation and the challenges of theological strategy within religious educational institutions.
PENDEKATAN TEOLOGI AGAMA-AGAMA TERHADAP RITUAL PONGONSONG BIHING DI SUKU SALUAN KRISTEN Pasande, Purnama; Bungalan, Jhon Efendi; Tulaka, Elsye Evasolina; Septyanto, Joddiar; Linggamo, Desry Narliany
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.616

Abstract

This article discusses the Pongonsong Bihing custom, a cultural practice of the Saluan tribe in Central Sulawesi performed in the context of death and the mourning period. This tradition arises from the belief that the spirit of the deceased can disrupt festivities if not honored through specific rites. Within the Christian Saluan community, this practice creates tension between ancestral traditions and Christian theological teachings regarding the state of the soul after death. Using a qualitative approach and a literature review, this article analyzes the Pongonsong Bihing custom based on a theological approach to religions. The study shows that although the aspect of belief in spirits conflicts with Christian doctrine, the social values such as respect, solidarity, and empathy within this custom can be accommodated ethico-theologically. This article also emphasizes that an inclusive approach to local culture can strengthen inter-religious harmony in Indonesia's multicultural society..
SPIRITUALITAS KRISTEN DALAM BAYANG-BAYANG VIRTUALITAS: MENAFSIR KEHADIRAN ILAHI DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB ETIS GEREJA DI ERA DIGITAL GLOBAL Sihombing, Altin
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.619

Abstract

Digital transformation has presented new challenges for the church in maintaining Christian spirituality in line with biblical values in the midst of an instant and fragmented virtual space. In the era of digital globalisation, the divine presence in worship practices and online communities is no longer physical but mediated by technology, which has the potential to obscure the meaning of incarnational spirituality. This study aims to re-narrate the presence of God and formulate the ethical responsibility of the church in building contextual digital spirituality. The study employs a qualitative method based on literature review, leading to the conclusion that Christian spirituality and divine presence must be re-narrativised as an expression of incarnational theology in the virtual realm, enabling the church to present divine reality in a transformative manner within the digital world. In this context, Christian ethics serve as the primary foundation for the church's responsibility in building a healthy, integrity-driven, and spiritually unmanipulated digital ecology. The virtual disruption that has occurred not only changes the form of ministry but also gives rise to a spiritual crisis that directly impacts the process of faith formation among the faithful in the digital age. Therefore, a contextual church strategy is needed to formulate a digital spirituality that remains incarnational, relevant, and capable of guiding the faithful toward a genuine encounter with God in their daily lives that have been digitised. The church must also be an ethical agent in the digital space, rejecting the manipulation and commercialisation of faith. In this way, digital spirituality can become a vessel for authentic and prophetic growth in faith.
DEKADENSI KEPEMIMPINAN DAN DISINTEGRASI TUBUH KRISTUS: ANALISIS TEOLOGI ETIS TERHADAP KRISIS MORALITAS GEREJA DI ERA KONTEMPORER Rini, Wahju Astjarjo
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.620

Abstract

Church leadership today is facing a serious crisis due to the weakening of moral integrity and the increasing prevalence of ethical banality. Many cases show that authoritarian behaviour, abuse of power, desire for position and power, and immoral behaviour have created deep wounds in the faith community and damaged the integrity of the Body of Christ. This phenomenon is a strong indicator of the decline of leadership that no longer stands on biblical values and ethical theological principles that should be the foundation of Christian ministry. The disintegration of the church as a direct result of moral failure in leadership highlights the urgency of re-examining the relationship between Christian ethics and power structures within the church. This study aims to analyse theologically and ethically how leadership decadence contributes to church division in the contemporary era. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review method, it can be concluded that amoral and banal leadership in Christianity is the primary factor causing moral decadence, leading to the disintegration of the Body of Christ and a crisis of church morality. When leadership loses its spiritual dimension and ethical integrity, the church is no longer able to carry out its prophetic function in society. Therefore, leadership actualisation and reform strategies that emphasise moral education and accountability are needed as efforts to restore spiritual authority and church unity.
MEREDUKSI AJARAN SESAT DALAM KOMUNITAS KRISTEN DI ERA DIGITAL: TELAAH TEOLOGIS PERAN GEMBALA SEBAGAI PENJAGA IMAN JEMAAT Lewu, Ayub Pangga
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.621

Abstract

Heretical teachings pose a serious and growing threat to contemporary Christian communities, particularly in the digital age, which allows for their massive and unrestricted spread across digital platforms. The presence of these deviant teachings not only undermines sound doctrine but also damages the spirituality of congregations that lack a solid foundation of faith. In many churches, this phenomenon is exacerbated by weak theological resilience and a lack of spiritual oversight from church leaders. The phenomenon of pastors focusing more on managing ministry than maintaining doctrine worsens the situation. This study aims to theologically examine the role of pastors as guardians of the faith and spirituality of the congregation in facing heretical teachings. The research method used is descriptive qualitative through a literature review of biblical sources, pastoral theology, and academic literature. The findings of this study conclude that the presence of heretical teachings within Christian communities necessitates an understanding of their characteristics and their impact on the spirituality of the congregation. Therefore, pastors have a theological responsibility from a biblical perspective. Thus, pastoral strategies are needed to reduce heretical teachings: education, training, and church discipline. This is a formulation of pastoral leadership theology in the context of the crisis of truth and contemporary heretical teachings. Therefore, the church needs to equip pastors theologically and pastorally to maintain the integrity of the faith of the congregation.

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