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Manna Rafflesia
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu
ISSN : 23564547     EISSN : 27210006     DOI : 10.38091
Core Subject : Religion,
Religion
Manna Rafflesia (Jurnal Teologi Agama Kristen) yang dikelola oleh Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu (STTAB). Jurnal ini diterbitkan sebagai upaya untuk melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Secara khusus dalam bidang penelitian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 2 kali dalam setahun (per 6 bulan), yaitu pada Bulan April dan Oktober. Jurnal Manna Rafflesia merupakan wadah publikasi hasil penelitian teologi
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 229 Documents
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TANGGUNG JAWAB KEPEMIMPINAN KRISTEN DALAM KONSEP IMAGO DEI DI GEREJA METODIS INJILI SURABAYA DAN MALANG: Indonesia Tobing, Mintoni Asmo; Yatmini, Yatmini; Nabuasa, Kamenia Melyanti
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.452

Abstract

The implementation of Christian leadership responsibilities in church organizations tends to imitate a secular leadership style built on a philosophical basis. Indeed, Christian leadership has to be based on biblical principles. Secular leadership shows negative aspects, such as authoritarianism, materialisticism, and conflict management. Therefore, this study aims to provide an understanding of the basis for the implementation of Christian leadership responsibilities based on the imago Dei concept as God's original purpose in creation. In its implementation, humans not only inherit God's attributes but also represent God in leadership responsibilities. This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach. The findings indicate that leadership responsibilities in the Evangelical Methodist Church environment have been implemented but have not been built based on the imago Dei concept. Thus, this study provides a new perspective that leadership built based on the imago Dei concept affects the implementation of leadership responsibilities without any influence of changes in the times.
ROLE MODEL KEPEMIMPINAN YANG EFEKTIF MENURUT SURAT 1 TIMOTIUS 3 DAN IMPLEMENTASI BAGI KEPEMIMPINAN GEREJA DI ERA 5.0 Baskoro, Paulus Kunto
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.490

Abstract

Leadership is central in God’s church. Whether or not God’s Church develops is an important study in leadership. Leadership becomes a force in making decisions that have a big impact on the progress of God;s church. Problems that arise are often due to the absence of good leadership role models in terms of exemplary life or effectiveness in performance. This results in several things being ineffective in the growth of God’s church. That is why is deemed necessary to examine leadership role models based on 1 Timothy 3 by finding the principles in them. The research method used is a descritiptive qualitative approach. The aim of this research is First, to explain universal leadership studies in the 5.0 era. Second, provide a theological study of leadership role models based on Letter 1 Timothy 3. Third, state the logical implementation for church leaders in the 5.0 era.
THEOLOGY OF NATION’S INTEGRATION FOR MALUKU SOCIETY POST-INDONESIAN INDEPENDENCE REVOLUTION, 1945-1949 Saimima, Johan Robert; Hetharia, Henky Herzon; Nenkeula, Dave Stenly; Sinaga, Rouli Retta Trifena
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.492

Abstract

In the era of the independence revolution, 1945-1949, Maluku society was polarized, namely groups of people affiliated with the Partai Timur Besar (PTB) which was against Indonesian independence and the Partai Indonesia Merdeka (PIM) that was pro-independence. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive analysis based on historical research methods, namely: searching for historical sources (heuristics), determining source criticism, carrying out interpretations, and carrying out historical writing (historiography). The research results shows that the PTB group did not support independence and wanted Maluku to be separated from the State of Indonesia. PTB’s wishes were blocked by the pro-Indonesian PIM group. PIM moved to defend Indonesia’s national identity from attacks by PTB loyalists. This political upheaval had an impact on the unity of Indonesian society in Maluku. The people of Maluku who are pro for Indonesian independence are struggling amid pressure from groups against independent Indonesia to ensure that Maluku remains part of the Republic of Indonesia. Then, the theology of nation’s integration based on nationalism perspective becomes an offer for a vision that unites Indonesia’s diverse society, while also being based on humanity and solidarity.
MISI DAN PEMURIDAN KRISTEN GEREJA PANTEKOSTA DI INDONESIA (GPDI) DI SULAWESI UTARA: TANTANGAN ATAU PELUANG DI ERA DIGITAL Wagiu, Meily Meiny; Selanno, Semuel; Sajanga, Harun Samuel; Manua, Englin R.; Kota, Agnes Clararita
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.507

Abstract

This study investigates the mission and discipleship practices of the Indonesian Pentecostal Church (GPdI) in North Sulawesi in the digital age, integrating the local cultural values of Mapalus and the motto “Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou.” Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 church leaders and members, participatory observations, and analysis of church policy documents. Four key findings emerged: (1) digital engagement strategies utilizing social media platforms and instant messaging apps to extend ministry outreach; (2) local cultural resonance as a basis for deeper spiritual meaning; (3) strengthening of the church’s spiritual identity through synergies between Pentecostal theology and Minahasan traditions; and (4) the need for the development of online training (e-learning) to facilitate ongoing discipleship. The study’s implications suggest that blending digital technology with local culture enhances discipleship effectiveness while reinforcing church community cohesion. Recommendations include the creation of local wisdom–based e-learning modules and establishing a theologically and technically trained digital ministry team.
MISI KRISTEN DI TENGAH KEMAJEMUKAN AGAMA: TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG UNTUK PERDAMAIAN Labobar, Yohanes Kristian; Warwer, Fredrik; Labobar, Bernard
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.508

Abstract

Christian mission in the midst of religious pluralism presents both challenges and opportunities to create peace. The church is called to proclaim the love of Christ to all people regardless of cultural, racial, ethnic and religious differences. In the context of pluralism, the biggest challenge is how to communicate the gospel message without causing conflict with other beliefs. However, this also opens up opportunities to strengthen interfaith dialog and strengthen tolerance. A qualitative method with a literature study approach is used to examine Christian mission in a pluralistic society. The Christian mission to live harmoniously in a religiously plural society is important and meaningful. The church has been wise in positioning itself and carrying out its role. The church has realized that the condition of religious pluralism is very vulnerable and easily triggers conflict. By understanding the insights of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism, as well as the various opinions/thoughts that have been described above, the Church should not be trapped in radical groups but be increasingly wise in positioning itself appropriately and holding fast to biblical truth so that its role is elegant for all.
PENGAJARAN MISI BAGI JEMAAT KRISTEN DI ERA DIGITAL Ariawan, Sandy
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.511

Abstract

Missional education for Christian congregations faces new challenges and opportunities in the digital age, characterized by rapid advances in information and communication technologies. This article explores how churches can adapt their mission strategies to capitalize on digital technologies, while addressing the various challenges that arise. The research also addresses various important aspects, including the adaptation of the gospel message for various digital formats, coaching in building and maintaining online faith communities, as well as ethical principles that should be applied in digital interactions. The method used in this research is a literature study. The results show that mission education in the digital age requires adjustments and strategic thinking to optimize the potential of technology and overcome existing challenges, with the ultimate goal of strengthening the spread of the message of Christ and church development in the digital world. The main challenges identified include the limitations of personal interactions that often lack depth in online contexts, as well as security and privacy issues relating to the protection of congregational data and the authenticity of information. In addition, communication ethics and respect for privacy are important factors in ensuring accurate and ethical information dissemination.
RESPONS KRISTEN TERHADAP PERBUDAKAN: PERSPEKTIF MORAL, BIBLIKA, DAN TEOLOGI REFORMED Silitonga, Roedy
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.525

Abstract

This article examines Kant's moral philosophy alongside Biblical and theological perspectives on modern slavery as a consequence of human sin and the fall. Using a phenomenological qualitative approach in a literature study, the author analyzes the root causes of slavery—poverty, low education levels, and weak law enforcement—and explores Christian ethical responses rooted in love and justice. The study integrates Kantian morality with Biblical teachings and Reformed theological thought to develop a holistic understanding of morality that bridges ethics and spirituality. The findings emphasize the importance of education, effective law enforcement, and support for marginalized communities as practical measures to combat slavery and human trafficking. This paper highlights the novelty of interdisciplinary dialogue between philosophy and theology in promoting human dignity and social justice.
SABUWA PITATE DALAM PANTEKOSTALISME MEMBENTUK IDENTITAS KOMUNITAS PANTEKOSTA DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA. Rokot, Ridwan Arke; Binilang, Benny B.; Rogahang, Heldy
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.526

Abstract

This study describes, analyses, reflects and interprets the concept and praxis of Pentecostalism religiosity inspired by the philosophy of sabuwa pitate in traditional cultural architecture in the pioneer community of Pentecostal GPdI in Southeast Minahasa. Using a narrative qualitative method, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings show the integration of Pentecostal teaching values with Minahasa local wisdom, the experience of the Holy Spirit, and worship practices that emphasise togetherness and kinship. This research will make an important contribution in understanding and developing the concept and praxis of Pentecostalism religiosity, the constructive approach between religious and cultural values, and the elaboration of the application of these values in Christian education and community life. Therefore, the conclusion and novelty of this research emphasise that the integration of Pentecostalism and Sabuwa Pitate values has great potential to encourage inclusive and sustainable social transformation. GPdI, the government, and the community need to work together to realise this. GPdI can be a catalyst for change through relevant programmes, the government can integrate religious values in public policy, and the community can play an active role as agents of change. This research opens up opportunities for the development of science and public policies that are more in favour of the community.
KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL BAGI KEHIDUPAN ORANG KRISTEN MASA KINI : SUATU KAJIAN BIBLIKA Oet, Supriadi; Hutabarat, Romauli Rinawati
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.553

Abstract

This article explores the importance of spiritual intelligence in the life of Christians in the modern era. Spiritual intelligence, which includes self-awareness, the meaning of life, and the relationship with God, has an important role in guiding individuals through life's challenges and giving deeper meaning to their existence. In the context of an increasingly complex and materialistic society, spiritual intelligence helps Christians to live with integrity, live the teachings of Christ, and strengthen their relationships with God and others. This article highlights various aspects of spiritual intelligence and how its application can improve the quality of life, provide inner peace, and build a strong and harmonious faith community. This research also underlines the importance of education and self-reflection in developing true spiritual intelligence. The crisis of spiritual identity due to the dominance of materialistic values and moral relativism as well as the lack of understanding of the concept of spiritual intelligence (SQ) in the context of Christianity. Through qualitative research methods, the author gives a persuasive exposition in finding the important role of spiritual intelligence for the lives of Christians today. Without neglecting the presence of intellectual and emotional intelligence. This writing provides an understanding of Spiritual intelligence as a major contribution to intellectual and emotional intelligence in the lives of today's Christians. The ultimate goal of writing is not only as an information about spiritual intelligence. But it is more to direct the right perspective so that today's Christians can maximise spiritual intelligence in today's life.
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS TERHADAP PRAKTIK BUNUH DIRI Putra, Adi
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i2.578

Abstract

This research examines the phenomenon of suicide that is rampant in society. As Christians, it is necessary to study it in order to find the right formula to be conveyed to the congregation as a pastoral reference to prevent the massive practice of suicide in the church. By using qualitative research methods, especially literature review, the following conclusions were found. The practice of suicide is a practice that is not desired by God. Or in other words, this act is carried out according to the desires of the human heart and will, thus rejecting God's sovereignty in human life. That is why every Christian is not allowed to do this practice.

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