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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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KERAGAMAN FENOTIPE DAN GENETIK TIGA VARIETAS KELAPA GENJAH KOPYOR ASAL PATI JAWA TENGAH ISMAIL MASKROMO; ELSJE T. TENDA; MEITY A. TULALO; HENGKY NOVARIANTO; DEWI SUKMA; SUKENDAH SUKENDAH; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 1 (2015): Maret 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n1.2015.1-8

Abstract

ABSTRAKKelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati, Jawa Tengah merupakankekayaaan hayati asli Indonesia dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi. Informasikeragaman genetik kelapa kopyor masih terbatas. Data keragamanmorfologi dan genetik diperlukan dalam program pemuliaan kelapakopyor. Penelitian ini mempelajari keragaman tiga varietas kelapa genjahkopyor asal Pati yang telah dilepas berdasarkan karakter morfologi,kuantitas endosperma, dan keragaman alel marka SSR. Penelitiandilakukan di Pati dan di Laboratorium Plant Molecular Biology,Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, IPB. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadaptiga populasi kelapa Genjah kopyor (hijau, coklat, dan kuning) dengan 30tanaman sampel untuk setiap populasi. Rataan data morfologi digunakanuntuk menyusun dendogram. Kuantitas endosperma diamati pada satubuah kelapa kopyor per tanaman yang dievaluasi. Karakteristikendosperma dikelompokkan sesuai kategori yang telah ditetapkan. Untuksetiap populasi, analisis marka dengan lima pasang primer SSR dilakukanpada 10 tanaman sampel. Data yang didapat digunakan untuk menentukankeragaman genetik kelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati. Hasil pengamatanmenunjukkan keragaman morfologis dan alel SSR antar tanaman dalamvarietasnya (keragaman intra-varietas) rendah. Sebaliknya, keragamanmorfologis dan alel SSR antar varietasnya tinggi. Kuantitas endospermakelapa Genjah kopyor asal Pati bervariasi antara skor 1–6. Keragamangenetik yang rendah dalam varietas dan tinggi antar ketiga varietas (coklat,hijau, dan kuning) memperkuat pelepasan ketiganya sebagai varietas lokal.Selain itu, keragaman genetik antar tanaman dalam varietas yang rendahmendukung penggunaan ketiga varietas lokal sebagai tetua dalam programperakitan varietas kelapa kopyor unggul baru. Tetua yang dipilih dapatdiseleksi intra-varietas berdasarkan persentase buah kopyor per tandandan skor kuantitas endosperma yang tinggi.Kata kunci: Keragaman morfologis, keragaman intra dan antar varietas,kuantitas endospermaABSTRACTKopyor dwarf coconuts are mutants from Pati, Central Java havinghigh economic values. However, morphological and genetic diversities ofthis coconut were still limited. Morphological and genetic diversity dataare needed for breeding program. The research objectives were to evaluateintra and inter-specific diversity based on morphology, endospermquantity, and SSR alleles. Field evaluations were conducted in Pati whilelaboratory activities were at Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory,Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB. Three populations ofkopyor dwarf varieties (brown, green, and yellow) were evaluated. Thirtytrees were sampled for each population. The average of morphologicaldata were used to construct cluster analysis. Endosperm quantity wasscored (0 – 9) based on a single nut sample. Ten palms were analyzedusing five SSR loci for each population and used to determine geneticdiversity of populations. Results of observations indicated intra-varietymorphological and SSR allele variations among kopyor dwarf was low.However, inter-variety variations were high. The endosperm quantityscores among kopyor dwarf coconut ranged from 1–6. The low intra-variety and high inter-variety variations among the three kopyor dwarfcoconut supported their release as different local varieties. Moreover, thelow intra-variety phenotypic and genotypic diversities among kopyorbrown, green, and yellow dwarf coconut support their use as parents fornew and superior kopyor coconut variety development in the future. Forsuch purpose, however, it is necessary to conduct intra-variety selection toidentify desirable parents based on high kopyor fruit percentage per bunchand for high kopyor endosperm quantity.Key words: Morphological diversity, intra and inter variety diversities,quantity, endosperm
PENGARUH KOLKHISIN TERHADAP PENAMPILAN LADA P p er nigrum L.) MUTAN DAN ANALISIS PLOIDI NATALINI NOVA KRISTINA; SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 3 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n3.2015.125-130

Abstract

ABSTRAKKeragaman genetik plasma nutfah lada (Piper nigrum) di Indonesia rendah  sehingga  perlu  dilakukan  peningkatan  keragaman.  Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Balittro Bogor mulai Januari 2012 sampai Juni 2013. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik lada varietas Petaling 1 menggunakan mutagen kimia kolkhisin. Biji lada direndam dalam larutan kolkhisin konsentrasi 0; 0,01; 0,03; dan 0,05% selama 4 jam dan disemai pada bak pasir. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali  dan  setiap ulangan  terdiri atas 300 biji.  Pengamatan dilakukan  terhadap  persentase  perkecambahan  dan  fenotipe  tanaman, persentase tumbuh, tinggi tanaman, serta jumlah ruas dan daun pada umur dua bulan. Selanjutnya, sebanyak 20 individu dari total benih yang tumbuh dipilih berdasarkan rata rata penggabungan dari tanaman terpendek dan tertinggi. Individu terpilih diamati tinggi tanaman serta jumlah ruas dan daun pada umur empat bulan. Untuk melihat ragam genetik dilakukan analisis kandungan DNA dengan flowcytometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kolkhisin 0,01 dan 0,05% menghasilkan persentase perkecambahan benih di persemaian lebih tinggi. Pada lada mutan  vegetatif generasi  ke-0,  perubahan  morfologi  terindikasi  pada konsentrasi 0,03%.  Pada  generasi  mutan hasil  perbanyakan/turunan vegetatif pertama  perubahan  morfologi  pada  tanaman terjadi  pada perlakuan 0,05%. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata pada tingkat ploidi lada pada semua perlakuan termasuk kontrol.Kata kunci:  Piper nigrum L., ragam genetik, mutan, kolkhisin, fenotip ABSTRACTEffect of Colchicine on the Phenothypic Performance of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Mutant and Ploidy analysisGenetic variability of pepper (Piper nigrum) in Indonesia was low, so it was needed to increase its variability. Research was conducted at the green house of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor from January 2012 to June 2013. The aim of the research was to increase the genetic variability of pepper (Petaling 1) using chemical mutagen colchicine. Seeds of pepper were soaked in colchicine solution with several concentration (0; 0,01; 0,03; and 0,05%) for four hours, and then germinated on sand media. Every treatment consisted of 300 seeds and replicated three times. The parameter observed were germination percentage, plant phenotype, growth percentage, plant hight, number of node and leaves two months after planting. Further, from total seedling growth, 20 individual were selected based on average combined from highest and shortest plant. The selected individual observed their plant height, number of node and leaves on four months. Flowcytometri analysis from  the  selected  seedling  was  conducted to  find  interplant  genetic variabilities. The result showed that application of colchicin 0,01 and 0,05% performed the fast germination on the nursery compared with control, but no significant differencet on the growth parameters. In the mutant generation 0, the changes on morphology showed on 0,03% and at the first vegetative generation, the changes were indicated in plants from  0,05%  of  colchicine  treatment.  Flowcytometri  analysis  showed  no  significant differences on ploidi level of all treatments including control.Keywords:   Piper   nigrum,   genetic   variability,   mutant,  cholchicin, phenotype
SERAPAN HARA N, P, K PADA TUJUH NOMOR HARAPAN SERAI DAPUR PADA TANAH LASOTOL / The Nutrient Uptake of N, P, and K of Seven Promising Numbers of Lemongrass in Latosol Soil Octivia Trisilawati; Deliah Seswita; M. Syakir
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n2.2017.105-111

Abstract

The constrain of lemongrass cultivation is crop nutrient requirement does not estimate yet as a reference for determining the dosage of fertilizer needed to produce good yield and quality. The study aims to determine the NPK uptake of seven lemongrass promising numbers grown in latosol soil in Cibinong research garden, Bogor, namely: Cyci 0003, 0004, 0006, 0009, 0012, 0018 and local. Seven lemongrass promising numbers were from Boyolali, Yogyakarta, Cipatat, Cisaroni, East Nusa Tenggara, Bogor, and Cibinong which had been characterized. The design used was randomized block design with four replications and 25 plants per plots. The parameters observed were number of tillers, plant height, leaf length and width, stem diameter weight per clump, oil yield and quality, and chlorophyll content. The results showed that there were differences of nutrient uptake pattern, as well as the amount of fertilizer requirement N, P and K on all seven promising numbers of lemongrass. Local and Cyci 0003 had highest oil and sitral production compared to other lemongrass promising numbers. To generate the essential oil yield 81,39 kg ha-1 and production of citral 14,25 tonnes ha-1, Cyci 0003 absorbed 284,65 kg Urea, 49,15 kg SP-36, and 308,95 kg KCl ha-1, while local Cyci absorbed 230,29 kg Urea, 49,97 kg SP-36, and 161,8 kg KCl ha-1 to produce 97,94 kg essential oils yield ha-1 and 16,01 tonnes citral ha-1. Essential oil content of Lemongrass increased with increasing uptake of N and P, and citral oil content increased with increasing nutrient P uptake. Local Cyci promising number was relatively efficient in N, P, and K nutrient absorption.Keywords: Cymbopogon citratus Stapf., promising number, yield, quality, the uptake of N, P, and K. AbstrakSalah satu kendala dalam pengembangan budidaya serai dapur adalah belum ada perhitungan kebutuhan hara tanaman secara riil sebagai acuan dalam menentukan dosis pupuk yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan produksi dan mutu terna yang baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui serapan hara N, P, dan K dari tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur yang ditanam di tanah latosol. Tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur yang telah dikarakterisasi yaitu Cyci 0003, Cyci 0004, Cyci 0006, Cyci 0009, Cyci 0012, Cyci 0018 dan Cyci lokal berasal dari Boyolali, Yogyakarta, Cipatat, Cisaroni, NTT, Bogor, dan Cibinong ditanam di kebun percobaan Cibinong, Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 25 per petak. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jumlah anakan, tinggi tanaman, panjang dan lebar daun, diameter batang, bobot kering terna per rumpun, kadar minyak, mutu minyak, serta kandungan klorofil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pola serapan hara, jumlah serta kebutuhan pupuk N, P, dan K dari ke tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur. Cyci lokal dan Cyci 0003 menghasilkan minyak atsiri dan sitral tertinggi. Untuk menghasilkan minyak atsiri 81,39 kg ha-1 dan sitral 14,25 t ha-1, Cyci 0003 menyerap 284,65 kg Urea, 49,15 kg SP-36, dan 308,95 kg KCl ha-1, sedangkan untuk menghasilkan minyak atsiri 97,94 kg ha-1 dan sitral 16,01 ton ha-1, Cyci lokal menyerap 230,29 kg Urea, 49,97 kg SP-36 dan 161,8 kg KCl ha-1. Kadar minyak atsiri serai dapur meningkat sejalan dengan peningkatan serapan hara N dan P, dan kadar minyak sitral meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan serapan hara P. Cyci lokal merupakan nomor harapan serai dapur yang relatif efisien dalam penyerapan hara N, P, dan K.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, nomor harapan, produksi, mutu, serapan hara N, P dan K. 
PERAN DAN POTENSI MUSUH ALAMI DALAM PENGENDALIAN HeUcoverpa armigera (HUBNER) PADA KAPAS NURINDAH NURINDAH; DWI ADI SUNARTO; SUJAK SUJAK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2001): Juni,2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n2.2001.60-66

Abstract

The role and potency of natural enemies in controlling HeUcoverpa armigera Hubner in cottonHeUcoverpa armigera. known as the cotton bollworm, is one of cotton productivity limiting factors. Efforts in controlling this pesl have been directed lo (he use of its natural enemies, viz. parasiloids. predator and insect pathogens in conservation techniques The study was conducted in two activities. The irst activity was the inventory of parasiloids and predators of// armigera. which was conducted from 1986 to 1999 in the cotton development area in Central Java (Rembang, Pati, and Grobogan).  East Java (Situbondo, Banyuwangi, Tuban. and Lanongan), NIB (Menangabaris. Lokopriya, and Sandubaya), and NTF (Maumere, Wailiti. and Larantuka). The second activity was to sludy the potency of dominant parasiloids and predators in cotton, which was conducted in 1999/2000 in the Research Instalaiion for Tobacco and Fibre Crops, Asembagus. The objectives of the study were to evaluate Ihe diversity of natural enemies, particularly parasiloids and predators, and their role in controlling Ihe population of // armigera in cotton. The inventory of parasiloids and predators was conducted to 15 and 21 species, respectively. The predominant parasiloids were Trichogramma-loidea armigera Nagaraja (egg parasitoid) and Eriborus argenteopilosus Camreon (larval parasitoid). The predominant predators were Deraeocoris indianus Carvalho, Campylomma diversicornis Rcuter (Hemiptera Miridae). Paederus fasciatus Curtis (Coleoptera Staphylinidac) and Coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera Coccincllidac). These predators feed on eggs and small larvae of //. armigera. The potency of these parasiloids and predator, as mortality factors of the pesl, was quantitatively studied in insecticide sprayed and unsprayed cotton ields. The egg and larval parasiloids caused mortality of //. armigera eggs and larvae as high as 65% and 21%, respectively. The predators suppressed // armigera population by 82%, so that its population was lower than that of the plots treated with insecticide. These suppressions resulted in a significantly lower damage of cotton fruiting bodies (4.3-8.0% on sprayed plots vs.1.7-3.4% on unsprayed plots) and hence, a signiicantly higher production of seed cotton ( I 838 kg/ha on sprayed plots vs. 2 170 kg/ha on unsprayed plots). Thereore, // armigera population on collon basically could be managed by its natural enemies below its action threshold, when Hie natural enemies were allowed to build up their population.
KEMAMPUAN PEMULIHAN AKSESI KAPAS SEBAGAI RESPON TERHADAP KERUSAKAN OLEH KOMPLEKS HAMA PENGGEREK BUAH SECARA SIMULASI IGAA. INDRAYANI; SUJAK SUJAK; DECIYANTO SOETOPO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 16, No 3 (2010): September 2010
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v16n3.2010.106-111

Abstract

ABSTRAKSebagai tanaman indeterminit, kapas (Gossypium hirsutum) mem-perlihatkan pola pertumbuhan yang memungkinkan bertahan darikehilangan sejumlah komponen produksi tanpa kehilangan hasil secaranyata. Dengan kata lain tanaman kapas mampu melakukan pemulihan(recovery) dan kompensasi setelah kerusakan akibat serangan hama.Penelitian tentang kemampuan pemulihan aksesi kapas sebagai responterhadap kerusakan oleh kompleks hama penggerek buah secara simulasiini dilakukan di KP Karangploso, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakaudan Serat, Malang, mulai Januari hingga Desember 2009. Tujuannyaadalah untuk mengetahui kapasitas pemulihan aksesi kapas setelahserangan hama dan kemampuan melakukan kompensasi. Sepuluh aksesikapas, yaitu: (1) L57x1124-81-411, (2) M35-5-2, (3) 40727-2xNL-11-1-73-1, (4) HG10x1209-619-9-76, (5) NC-177-16-C2, (6) 731Nx1656-12-76-2, (7) Stoneville 825, (8) 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, (9) NMG 1222, dan(10) NMG-5-2 diuji dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan rancanganacak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Setiap aksesi kapasditanam dalam kantong-kantong plastik berukuran 10 kg dengan duatanaman per kantong. Satu tanaman diperlakukan dengan cara meng-hilangkan seluruh kuncup bunga yang ada setelah tumbuh 9-13 daun padabatang utama yang dilakukan selama 21 hari dengan interval 3 hari.Sedangkan satu tanaman lainnya dibiarkan tumbuh normal (kontrol).Parameter yang diamati adalah: luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, indekspemulihan, jumlah node, tinggi tanaman, luas daun, jumlah kuncup bunga,hasil kapas, dan persentase kompensasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa tanaman kapas tahan, moderat, dan rentan serangan hama mampumelakukan pemulihan (recovery) dari kerusakan. Berdasarkan luas daun(R L ) dan bobot kering (R B ), setiap aksesi mempunyai indeks pemulihanyang berbeda-beda dan diantaranya ada yang berbeda nyata. Beberapaaksesi dengan kapasitas pemulihan tinggi memiliki tinggi tanaman, jumlahkuncup bunga, dan hasil kapas lebih tinggi dibanding tanaman kontrol.Dampak dari pemulihan juga terlihat pada perbedaan persentasekompensasi. NMG-5-2, Stoneville 825, 731Nx1656-12-76-2, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, 40727-2xNL-11-1-73-1, dan NMG 1222 merupakanaksesi yang dapat melakukan kompensasi melalui penambahan hasil kapas>15% dibanding kontrol, yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 36,6; 34,5; 31,3;26,6; 20,4; dan 19,2%.Kata kunci: Aksesi, indeks pemulihan, kompleks hama, simulasiABSTRACTRecovery ability of cotton accessions as response tosimulated damage by bollwormsAs an indeterminate crop cotton has demonstrated its ability torecover from pest damage over the growing season without significantyield loss. However, it was unclear to what extent can cotton toleratedamage before and after the onset of fruiting. This field study was carriedout at Karangploso Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and FiberCrops Research Institute (ITOFCRI) Malang from January to December2009. The aim was to know the capacity of cotton accessions to recoverafter damage. Ten cotton accesssions as treatment were planted in polybagand were arranged in randomized block design with three replicate. Tenaccessions of cotton used as treatment were: (1) L57x1124-81-411, (2)M35-5-2, (3) 40727-2xNL-11-1-73-1, (4) HG10x1209-619-9-76, (5) NC-177-16-C2, (6) 731Nx1656-12-76-2, (7) Stoneville 825, (8) 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, (9) NMG 1222, and (10) NMG-5-2. Each accessionwas plantation in four polybags with two plants in each polybag. One plantin each polybag was damaged manually by removing all squares (100%)for 21 days at a three-day interval, while another plant was as anundamaged control. Parameters observed in this study were leaf area, dryweight of plant, indices of recovery ( R ), number of main-stem nodes, theaverage of plant height, number of square, and yield of cotton. Resultshowed that all accessions showed their ability to recover after damagedand the recovery indices based on leaf area (R L  ) and dry weight (R w )varied among the accessions tested. Accessions with high recovery abilityperformed better plant height, square formation, and cotton yield than thatof undamaged control. Effect of good recovery was resulting in higherpercentage of plant compensation. NMG-5-2, Stoneville 825, 731Nx1656-12-76-2, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, 40727-2xNL-11-1-73-1, and NMG-1222 were accessions with average compensation percentage was greaterthan 15% : 36.6; 34.5; 31.3; 26.6; 20.4; and 19.2%, respectively whencompared with undamaged control.Key words: Accession, indices of recovery, insect complex, simulation
PENGARUH PUPUK KASTING DAN MACAM BENIH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU JAHE MUDA Rosita SMD; I Darwati; H. Moko
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2006): MARET 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.7-14

Abstract

ABSTRAKKendala utama dalam produksi jahe (Zingiber officinale, Rosc.)adalah kurang tersedianya benih yang bermutu dan komponen teknologipemupukan yang tepat. Upaya pemilihan bahan tanaman yang bermutuserta penggunaan kasting telah dilakukan melalui penelitian yangbertujuan untuk memberikan petunjuk tentang kondisi optimum benihberdasarkan posisi bagian rimpang (umur fisiologis) yang dapatmeningkatkan produktivitas tanaman serta dosis optimum dari penggunaankasting. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Instalasi Penelitian Cimanggu,Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor, pada bulan Agustus1996 sampai Januari 1997 yang merupakan percobaan pot. Bahan tanamberasal dari jahe putih besar yang dipanen pada umur 10 bulan. Rancanganyang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok yang disusun secarafaktorial, 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama terdiri atas perlakuan umur fisiologisposisi bagian rimpang : bagian rimpang ke II, III dan IV dan faktor keduaterdiri atas takaran pupuk kasting : 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; 1,0 kg/tanaman/pot.Setiap perlakuan dalam satu ulangan terdiri atas 6 contoh tanaman. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kasting meningkatkan tinggitanaman, jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun, bobot segar rimpang, bobotkering tanaman (daun, batang, akar dan rimpang), produksi pati, serapanhara N, P, K dan C-organik. Penggunaan benih pada posisi bagian rimpangke II, III dan IV yang dikombinasikan dengan kasting 0,50 kg/tanamandapat meningkatkan bobot kering rimpang masing-masing 62,17g, 59,49gdan 58,65 g/tanaman dengan kadar pati 40,71%, 34,36% dan 39,57%.Kata kunci : Jahe,  Zingiber  officinale,  pupuk  kasting,  benih,pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa BaratABSTRACTThe effect of casting fertilizer and types of seeds ongrowth, yield and quality of young gingerThe most important constrains in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose)production are lack of good quality seeds and components of fertilizertechnology. The research was conducted to obtain the optimum conditionfor ginger production from different parts of rhizome (physiological age)and optimum dosage of casting. The research was conducted in CimangguResearch Instalation, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops ResearchInstitute (ISMECRI) Bogor from August 1996 until January 1997 in potexperiment which was arranged in completely randomized design with 2factors and 3 replications. The first factor was 3 parts of rhizome position(secondary, tertiary and quarter rhizomes) while the second factor wasdosage of casting fertilizer (0; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.0 kg/plant). The resultsof the research indicated that the use of casting fertilizer could improve theheight of plant, number of leaves, number of tillers, fresh weight and dryweight of rhizome, dry weight of leaves, dry weight of stem and dryweight of root. Casting application improved starch content and nutrientabsorbtion of N, P, K and organic carbon. Combination treatment ofsecondary, tertiary and quarter rhizomes combined with application ofcasting 0.50 kg/plant, improved dry weight of rhizome 62.17 g, 59.49 gand 58.65 g/plant and starch content of rhizome 40.71%, 34.36% and39.57% respectively.Key words : Zinger, Zingiber officinale, casting fertilizer seeds, growth,yield, quality, West Java
EVALUASI KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale L.) TERHADAP HAMA Helopeltis antonii SIGN. (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ANDI MUHAMMAD AMIR; ELNA KARMAWATI; HADAD E. A.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.149-153

Abstract

Penelitian evaluasi ketahanan beberapa aksesi jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) terhadap hama Helopeltis antonii Sign. (Hemiptera: Miridae) telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (BALITTRO) Bogor, mulai bulan April sampai Desember 2004, bertujuan untuk menguji ketahanan beberapa aksesi jambu mete terhadap H antonii. Perlakuan tcrdiri atas sembilan aksesi jambu mete, yaitu (1) Balakrisnan (B-02), (2) Madura (L3-3), (3) Jatiroto Jambon (III/4-5), (4) Gunung Gangsir 180, (5) Madura (M4-2), (6) Jogya Putih (XII/8), (7) Mojoketo (XIII/8), (8) Tegineneng (A3-2), dan (9) Wonogiri (C6-5). Penelitian terdiri atas (a) preferensi tanpa pilihan, disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) diulang 5 kali, dan (b) preferensi dengan pilihan, disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jambu mete aksesi Mojokerto (XIII-8) dan Balakrisnan (B-02) merupakan aksesi jambu mete tahan dan toleran terhadap hama //. antonii.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, ketahanan, hama, Helopeltis antonii ABSTRACT The evaluation of resistances of some cashew lines (Anacardium occidentale I,.) to Helopeltis Antonii Sign. (Hemiptera: Miridae)The research on the evaluation of resistances of some cashew lines (Anacardium occidentale L.) to Helopeltis antonii Sign. (Hemiptera: Miridae) was conducted in the Pest and Diseases Laboratory and Green House Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute Bogor, from April to December 2004, to test the resistances of some cashew lines to H. antonii. The treatment consisted of nine cashew lines that is, (1) Balakisnan (B-02), (2) Madura (L3-3), (3) Jatiroto Jambon (I1I/4-5), (4) Gunung Gangsir 180, (5) Madura (M4-2), (6) Jogya Putih (XII/8), (7) Mojokerto (XIII/8), (8) Tegineneng (A3-2), and (9) Wonogiri (C6-5). The research consisted of, (a) preferences without choice, compiled in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) replicated 5 times, and (b) preferences with choice, compiled in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) replicated 3 times. The result indicated that cashew lines of Mojoketo (XIII-8) and Balakrisnan (B-02) were resistant and tolerant to H. antonii.Key words: Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., resistance, pest. Helopeltis antonii
ROOT TRAINER MEDIA CONTAINING COCOPEAT AND PEAT TO SUPPORT GROWTH AND QUALITY OF RUBBER ROOTSTOCK ROOTS Nur Eko Prasetyo; Budi Setyawan; Samijan Samijan; Nofitri Dewi Rinojati; Sumarmadji Sumarmadji
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 26, No 1 (2020): June, 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v26n1.2020.23-31

Abstract

The physical and chemical properties of the growing medium for root trainer of rubber are critical to support plant growth. This study aimed to obtain the best medium for growing rootstock rubber seedlings in the root trainer.  Rubber clone PR 300 seeds were germinated for 21 days, then raised in root trainer pots for five months. The treatments evaluated were a mixture of cocopeat, Rawapening peat, and manure at different ratios.  The experiment was designed in a Randomized Block Design, three replications, 30 plants per replicate, totaling 720 plants. The observed variables were N, P, K, Mg, C-organic content, pH, and cation exchange capacity of cocopeat, peat, and manure, as well as plant growth (height, stem diameter, wet weight, and dry weight). ANOVA used for analyzing data, followed with the Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. The results showed that there were three best root trainer media for PR 300 rubber rootstock seedlings were a mixture of cocopeat + peat (1:1), cocopeat + peat + manure (1:2:1), and cocopeat + peat + manure (2:1:1). The growth and compactness of the roots are outstanding, so the seedlings are easily removed from the root trainer pots without significant damage. Based on the initiation and cost, the best root trainer medium is a mixture of cocopeat + peat + manure (1: 2:1). It is necessary to study the use of other types of peat soils apart from Rawapening. Also, it needs to be observed further plant growth after inoculation with the stem and after planting in the field.Keywords : Planting medium, Rawapening peat, rubber clone PR 300.
PERBANYAKAN SERANGGA Helopeltis antonii SIGN. PADA BUAH KETIMUN DAN PUCUK JAMBU MENTE DJATNIKA KILIN; WARSI RACHMAT ATMAJA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 4 (2000): Maret, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n4.2000.119-122

Abstract

Rearing of Helopeltis antonii Sign (Hemiptera; Miridae) on cucumberfruit and cashew shootHelopeltis antonii is well known as a major pest of cashew, cacao and tea plantations A suficient number of the insect is frequently needed for esearch purposes. Rearing of // antonii on cucumber fruit was conducted from October 1997 to May 1998. Under laboratory condition. total eggs layed were 3.2 per female per day, while female longivity was 18.9 days. Egg period was 6.1 days and the total hatched was 93.5 percent. The egg and the irst unlil the ifth instar nymph periods were 6.1; 2.3; 2.0; 1.8; 1.9 and 3.2 days espectively. The adults emerged from earing of 10, 20 and 30 newly hatched nymph were 7. 13. and 17 insects or 71.3; 65.0, and 58.0 percent respectively. Eggs and nymph periods on cashew shoot almost the same as on cucumber fruit. The hatched eggs on cutted cashew shoot was 12 percent, while on the shoot of cashew seedlings was 89.0 percent This study indicated that cucumber fruit is very suitable and easier as well as more economical for mass rearing of // antonii.
PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA DAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA MINYAK KAMANDRAH (Croton tiglium L.) NOOR ROUFIQ AHMADI; DJUMALI MANGUNWIDJAJA; ONO SUPARNO; DYAH ISWANTINI P.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 4 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n4.2011.163-168

Abstract

ABSTRAKIndonesia terkenal kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, termasukjenis tumbuhan yang mengandung bahan aktif insektisida. Tanamankamandrah (Croton tiglium L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yangbanyak terdapat di wilayah Indonesia dan telah dimanfaatkan sebagaiinsektisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristikfisiko-kimia minyak kamandrah pada berbagai tingkat kematangan sebagailarvasida nabati terhadap larva nyamuk demam berdarah dengue (A.aegypti). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian TanamanRempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri (Balittri) Sukabumi, Balai BesarLitbang  Pascapanen  Pertanian  Bogor,  Insektarium  LaboratoriumParasitologi dan Entomologi Kesehatan FKH IPB Bogor, dan Biofarmaka-LPPM IPB Bogor, mulai bulan Februari sampai Desember 2010. Minyakkamandrah diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan pengempa hidrolikpada suhu 65 o C dan tekanan 7,9 MPa pada buah kamandrah dengan tigatingkat kematangan yang berbeda: warna kulit buah hijau kecokelatan,cokelat kehijauan, dan cokelat penuh. Minyak yang diperoleh selanjutnyadianalisis bilangan asam, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida,indeks bias, berat jenis, dan nilai warna minyak, serta uji larvasidaterhadap larva nyamuk A. aegypti instar III. Penentuan nilai lethalconcentration (LC) dilakukan dengan metode probit analisis (FinneyMethod). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan nilai LC,rendemen, dan mutu minyaknya, buah kamandrah yang berwarna kulitcokelat penuh lebih berpotensi sebagai larvasida nabati terhadap larva A.aegypti. Rendemen minyak kamandrah 20,42% dan nilai LC 50 adalah132,67 ppm (24 jam) dan 70,08 ppm (48 jam). Minyak tersebut memilikibilangan asam 8,76 mg KOH/g minyak; kadar asam lemak bebas 4,36 mgKOH/g minyak; bilangan peroksida 3,59 meq O/100g minyak; indeks bias1,4783; bobot jenis 0,9466 g/ml; dan warna meliputi nilai L* 73,03; a*3,26; dan b* 64,13. Minyak kamandrah berpotensi dapat dimanfaatkansebagai larvasida nabati dalam pengendalian vektor penyakit DBD.Kata kunci : Croton tiglium L., kematangan buah, minyak kamandrah,larvasidaABSTRACTEffect of Maturity Level of Fruits on Larvicidal Activityand Physico-Chemical Properties of Kamandrah (Crotontiglium L.) OilIndonesia is famously rich in biodiversity, including species of plants thatcontain active ingredient for insecticide. Kamandrah plant (Croton tigliumL.) is one of many medicinal plants found in parts of Indonesia and it hasbeen used as an insecticidal plant. The objectives this research were todetermine the physico-chemical characteristics and larvasidal activities ofoil extracted from kamandrah seeds with varying levels of maturity asbotanical larvicide for mosquito dengue fever. The expreriments wereconducted in the Laboratory of Indonesian Spice and Industrial CropsResearch Institute (ISICRI) Sukabumi, Indonesian Center for AgriculturalPostharvest Research  and  Development (ICAPRD),  InsectariumLaboratory of Health Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinaryof Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), and Biopharmaca IPB Bogor,from February to December 2010. The oil was obtained through extractionusing hydraulic pressurer at 65 o C temperatures and 7.9 MPa pressures ofkamandrah fruits with three different maturity levels : brownish green,greenish brown, and fully brown color of fruit skins. Oil gained was thenanalyzed its acid number, free fatty acid content, peroxides number,refractive index, specific gravity, and oil color values, as well as the oillarvasida test against mosquito larvae A. aegypti instar III. Determinationthe oil lethal concentration (LC) values was tested using probit analysismethod (Finney Method). The results showed that based on the values ofLC, content, and quality of the oil, full-brown colored kamandrah fruits aremore potential as larvivida against A. aegypti larvae. Oil content of thekamandrah was 20.42% while LC 50 values were 132.67 ppm (at 24 hours)and 70.08 ppm (at 48 hours). The acid number of the oil was 8.76 mgKOH/g oil; free fatty acid level of 4.36 mg KOH/g oil; peroxide number of3.59 meq O/100 g oil, refractive index of 1.4783; density of 0.9466 g/ml;and the color values were 73.03, 3.26, and 64.13 for L*, a*, and b*,respectively. Therefore, kamandrah oil is very potential to be used aslarvicide for controling the vector of dengue disease.Key words: Croton tiglium L., fruit maturity, kamandrah oil, larvicide

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