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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
 106   107   108   109   110 
Vital But Vulnerable: The Population Structure of Macaca maura in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi Murti, Warda; Rohman, Fatchur; Saptasari, Murni; Ibrohim, Ibrohim
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.416-426

Abstract

Macaca maura is an endemic primate of South Sulawesi, currently listed as Endangered due to habitat fragmentation and increasing anthropogenic pressure. This study aims to analyze the population density, age structure, spatial distribution, and food types consumed by M. maura in the Karaenta Forest, TN Babul. This field study was conducted over four months (August–November 2024) using a grid-based home-range survey. The study area was divided into 1 × 1 km² grid plots; each encounter with M. maura was recorded with X–Y coordinates to visualize the movement patterns of each group. Data were collected through direct observation of eight groups (A–H) with a total of 193 individuals. Group sizes ranged from 13 individuals (Group F) to 39 individuals (Group A). Population density ranged from 52 to 134 individuals/km² with an average of  92 individuals/km². The age distribution, with an average IFR of 0.69, indicates that there is less than one infant per adult female in the M. maura population, suggesting a low reproductive rate. Most individuals were observed on the ground rather than in trees or on cliffs, indicating a preference for terrestrial habitats. Dietary records show considerable flexibility, with 27 plant species being utilized. These findings underscore the need for targeted habitat management strategies aligned with the species' ecological needs. This study provides baseline data to support future evidence-based conservation planning and environmental monitoring of M. maura.
Sleep Quality and Its Dimensions in Indonesian Shift and Non-Shift Workers Shafira, Aviani Rinfi; Anisa, Nur; Assaumi, Nurul Wardah; Adhara, Gaetania Faza; Widayati, Kanthi Arum
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.427-434

Abstract

Sleep quality is crucial in maintaining overall well-being, but is often disrupted by irregular working hours. Shift work, as an example of irregular working hours, has been linked to disrupted sleep due to circadian desynchronization. Previous studies worldwide on the difference in sleep quality between shift and non-shift workers have remained  inconsistent, likely due to variations in work environments, behavioral and sociodemographic factors, and sample sizes. The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in sleep quality between shift and non-shift workers and to explore the underlying factors associated with sleep disruption in both groups. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 218 workers (99 shift workers and 119 non-shift workers). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied to assess sleep quality, followed by statistical analyses to compare overall and individual component scores between groups. No significant difference was found in global PSQI scores between shift (8.75±3.01) and non-shift workers (8.22±2.8). However, when we evaluated sleep components between the two groups, shift workers showed significantly poorer subjective sleep quality (p = 0.0375) and lower sleep efficiency (p = 0.04471). Further analysis revealed significant associations between PSQI scores, shift frequency, and the number of diseases. Higher shift frequency and a greater number of diseases were associated with increased PSQI scores, indicating poorer sleep quality. These findings suggest that while overall sleep quality may not differ substantially by work schedule, specific components and individual factors, such as health status and workload frequency, contribute to variations in sleep quality.
Detection of the PR5 Gene Associated with Downy Mildew Resistance and  Genetic Diversity Analysis of S2 Lines of Local Maize (Zea mays L.) From South Sulawesi Using SSR Markers Rahma, Sitti; Juhriah; Agus, Rosana
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.475-489

Abstract

A significant decline in corn production is often associated with downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis), while maize varieties with genetic resistance to this disease are still relatively limited. A molecular-based approach is needed, such as Phatogenesis Related (PR5) gene detection, to identify maize genotypes that are potentially resistant to downy mildew. This study aims to identify the presence of the PR5 gene and analyze genetic diversity in local maize from South Sulawesi, Srikandi kuning (national variety), and Carotenoid sync 3 from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) to support the acceleration of downy mildew-resistant plant breeding programs. PR5 gene detection was carried out by extracting RNA according to the Total RNA Mini Kit Plant (Geneaid) procedure followed by PCR techniques with specific primers. Genetic diversity analysis was carried out using 15 polymorphic SSR primers. DNA amplification showed that 23 individuals were detected as containing the PR-5 gene from 30 samples tested based on the results of agarose gel electrophoresis. The PIC value obtained from the Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) primers showed a high level of genetic diversity ranging from 0.64 to 0.93 with an average of 0.85. The genetic similarity matrix was calculated and analyzed using the UPGMA method using NTSYS version 2.2, producing a dendrogram with two main clusters. Cluster I has only one individual with a large genetic distance, while Cluster II is divided into two subclusters, IIA and IIB, reflecting the genetic closeness of most individuals. Individuals with PR5 genes and high genetic diversity were identified as potential candidates for use in a superior maize breeding program resistant to downy mildew disease.
Effects of Physalis angulata Leaf Extract on Female Reproductive Organs Following Busulfan Injection in Rats Satyaningtijas, Aryani; Ekastuti, Damiana Rita; Tarigan, Ronald; Prasetyaningtyas, Wahono Esthi; Adnyane, I Ketut Mudite; Mohamad, Kusdiantoro; Rahmadhani, Elsi; Sulistyana, Yanti; Mahendra, Arindina
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.490-498

Abstract

Physalis angulata L. (ciplukan) is traditionally used as an herbal remedy with anticancer and antioxidant properties. At the same time, busulfan, a chemotherapy alkylating agent, causes gonadotoxicity and oxidative stress that impair female reproduction. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of P. angulata on reproductive function after busulfan administration in female rats. Twenty-five 6-week-old female rats were randomly divided into: Group I (control), Group II (busulfan only), Group III (P. angulata only), Group IV (busulfan followed by P. angulata after 14 days), and Group V (busulfan and P. angulata administered for 28 days). FSHR and LHR expression in the ovaries and MDA levels in the ovaries and uterus were measured to assess reproductive changes. Busulfan showed no significant effect on FSHR and LHR, whereas P. angulata induced downregulation, suggesting a potential negative feedback mechanism on ovarian receptors. Ovarian MDA showed a decreasing trend with combined treatments, while uterine MDA peaked after busulfan but declined markedly with P. angulata, indicating its role in alleviating oxidative stress. In conclusion, P. angulata may modulate hormonal balance in rat ovaries and decrease oxidative stress in the uterus after busulfan treatment.
Assessment of Macrobenthos Assemblages Along the Seabed Characteristic in the Cempi Bay, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: A Case Study in the Dry Season Fahlevy, Karizma; Sembiring, Agustinus; Kaessari Magenta, Rias; Iqbal Havis, Muchammad; Suroso, Adi; Nauval, Rahmat; P. H. Simanjuntak, Charles
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.540-555

Abstract

The ecosystem in Cempi Bay, Indonesia, is known for its diverse coastal ecosystems. Gathering baseline data to understand the habitat and its fauna is essential. The study aims to update macrobenthos data and identify natural patterns across sediment gradients, specifically in the dry season. Cempi Bay has three distinct areas: the lower reach (open sea), the middle reach (mixing water), and the upper reach (influenced by freshwater). The most dominant classes in the macrobenthic assemblages were Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Polychaeta, especially in the lower and middle reaches with sand and silty sand seabed textures. However, the upper reach area with sandy silt textures showed a different pattern of macrobenthic assemblages, with fewer classes, leaving only Gastropoda and Bivalvia. The feeding habits of macrobenthos also varied, with carnivores, deposit feeders, and suspension feeders dominating the lower and middle reach areas. It is important to continue monitoring macrobenthos to understand if these patterns are natural or caused by environmental changes.
The Potential of Fucoxanthin from Sargassum polycystum: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Photoprotective Properties Pramesti, Rini; Setyati, Wilis Ari; Subagiyo; Anjani, Devi Oktavia
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.466-474

Abstract

Sargassum is a genus of seaweed that is known to contain fucoxanthin. The increasing incidence of health issues related to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), free radicals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation has prompted the exploration of natural compounds as alternative sources of pharmaceutical agents. Fucoxanthin possesses the ability to protect cells from oxidative damage and offers a wide range of health benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fucoxanthin derived from Sargassum polycystum as an antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and photoprotective (sunscreen) agent. The research methods included the extraction and isolation of fucoxanthin using Open Column Chromatography (OCC), phytochemical screening, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), antibacterial and antifungal assays, antioxidant activity assessment using the DPPH method, and determination of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF). The results showed that the extract of Sargassum polycystum contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and saponins. The fucoxanthin fraction was successfully isolated, characterized by a distinct absorption peak at 447.5 nm and a retention factor (Rf) value of 0.93. The fucoxanthin fraction showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, as well as antifungal activity against Trichoderma sp. and Candida albicans. The antioxidant activity of the fucoxanthin fraction was categorized as strong, with an IC50 value of 67 ppm. Its photoprotective ability was classified as maximal, with a Sun Protection Factor value of 13.71. The fucoxanthin fraction derived from Sargassum polycystum exhibits promising potential as an antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and photoprotective agent, and may serve as a valuable natural resource in pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications.
Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria to Produce Bioactive Compounds from Tofu Waste Using Pineapple Bromelain Enzyme Lukman, Zulfiqar; Andrianto, Dimas; Meryandini, Anja
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.445-454

Abstract

Tofu is one of the main human foodstuffs and has become an alternative substitute for animal protein. Tofu contains relatively high protein, and active compounds, but the waste produced during the tofu processing process is very abundant, namely 3.5 million tons per year in Indonesia. The production of active compounds from tofu waste can use bromelain enzymes. The bromelain enzyme in this study was produced from the fermentation of pineapple leaf waste using Pediococcus pentosaceus E7. The production of active compounds from tofu waste has not been widely reported, so this study aimed to produce active compounds from tofu waste. This study began with bromelain production, measurement of bromelain activity, bromelain precipitation, peptide production from tofu waste, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, and antibacterial testing of active compounds derived from tofu waste degradation. The results showed that the peptide content of tofu liquid waste degraded using the bromelain enzyme was 41.01±0.06 mg/mL. The LCMS results showed that 18 bioactive compounds were contained in the degradation products of tofu liquid waste. The active compounds derived from the degradation of tofu waste are capable of inhibiting the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, yielding a clear zone index of 2.53±0.12.
In Vitro Culture of The Natural Orchid Dendrobium spectabile (Blume) Miq. and The Characteristics of its Fragment 700 bp of the HOMEOBOX Homologous Gene Ainina, Ana; Yudis Mahardhika, Ahmad; Rasjid, Nuzlan; Putu Ayu Erninda Oktaviani Suputri, Ni; Semiarti, Endang
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.605-616

Abstract

D. spectabile is an orchid species endemic to Papua, which has the characteristic of sepals, petals, and a curly labellum, which is very attractive, so it needs to be preserved. Propagation of this plant with in vitro culture techniques promises plant propagation in large quantities and uniformly in a short time. In plants, the HOMEOBOX gene is recognized as a key regulator of gene transcription, playing a crucial role in plant organogenesis, particularly in the shoot apical meristem. This study aims to identify the optimal in vitro culture media for D. spectabile and to conduct molecular analysis of the HOMEOBOX gene. The methods used are: subculture, amplification, motif location analysis, physicochemical characterization, phylogenetic construction, and 2D protein sequence modeling. The results of the study showed that the subculture of D. spectabile on KC+IAA 20 µM media (20.67±1.76) significantly increased shoot growth. PCR with POH1 primer successfully amplified a 700 bp HOMEOBOX fragment containing 2 motifs: ELK, involved in protein-to-protein interactions, and Homeobox-KN, a transcriptional regulator. Phylogenetic analysis showed a close evolutionary relationship between D. spectabile and D. catenatum. Further studies are needed to obtain the complete sequence for functional validation in D. spectabile.  
Introduction of the OsGERLP Gene into Potato cv. IPB CP3 to Develop Aluminum Stress-Tolerant Potato Lines Mahfudhah, Farah; Tjahjoleksono, Aris; Miftahudin, M.
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.646-656

Abstract

The OsGERLP gene is an aluminum (Al) stress tolerance gene. Potato cv. IPB CP3 is a horticultural crop that has not been proven to be tolerant to Al; therefore, enhancing its tolerance through genetic transformation is necessary. This research aims to obtain transgenic potatoes cv. IPB CP3 contains the OsGERLP gene and is tolerant to Al stress. Experimental methods include transforming potatoes with the OsGERLP gene via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transgene integration testing, in vitro assays of transgenic plants under low pH and Al stress, and analysis of transgene expression. The results showed that the transformation efficiency achieved was relatively high at 47.03%, with a regeneration efficiency of 42.19%. The transgenic clones had longer roots and more roots than the non-transgenic ones under aluminum stress. The transgenic clones GERLP2, GERLP3, and GERLP4 exhibited the greatest root growth enhancement under stress conditions and the highest OsGERLP gene expression levels. These clones have the potential to be developed into Al-tolerant potato varieties. Future research is required to evaluate aluminum stress tolerance, tuber yield performance, and transgene stability across the three clones under greenhouse and field conditions of the three clones.
Shifting Root Strategies: Impacts of Forest Conversion on Fine Root Traits in Monoculture Systems Susilawati, Susi; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Samhita, Sasya; Triadiati, Triadiati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.634-645

Abstract

The intensification of land-use from natural forests to monoculture systems such as rubber and oil palm plantations alters soil structure and resource availability, thereby affecting fine root acquisition strategies. This study assessed the impact of land-use intensification on fine root morphology, water content, and acquisition strategies across different land-use types. Fine root samples were collected from four systems: natural forest, jungle rubber, rubber, and oil palm plantations (five plots per system). Fine roots were classified into absorptive (first–third order) and transportive (fourth–fifth order), and traits were analyzed using WinRHIZO Pro 2020a. The results showed a decline in absorptive root length along the intensification gradient, with oil palm significantly shorter than forest and jungle rubber. In contrast, root length per area (RLA) was higher in the forest than in rubber plantations. Absorptive root tip length was significantly greater in oil palm compared to rubber. Transportive root length also declined, with significant differences only between oil palm and jungle rubber. Fine root diameter (FRD) and root tissue density (RTD) tended to increase, while specific root length (SRL) and specific root area (SRA) tended to decrease in absorptive roots. In transportive roots, SRL was inconsistent, and SRA remained stable. Water content tended to decrease in absorptive roots but remained relatively stable in transportive roots.

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