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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 1,077 Documents

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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.19.4.197

Mercury is one of the major pollutant in the environment which is highly toxic. Bioremediation strategies using bacteria have been proposed as an attractive alternative because this is effective, less expensive and more efficient to remove mercury. Brevundimonas sp. HgP1 and Brevundimonas sp. HgP2 were two highly mercury resistant bacteria isolated from a gold mine in Pongkor village with MIC of 575 ppm. The purposes of the research were to study the effect of mercury on bacterial growth and morphological changes of bacterial colony and to measure the ability of bacterial isolates to accumulate Hg2+. The growth was monitored by measuring optical density at 600 nm, whereas accumulation of Hg2+ was measured by mercury vaporation unit. This present studies revealed that the addition of 50 and 100 ppm HgCl2 in Brevundimonas sp. HgP1 resulted in the decreasing of growth rate and the elongation of lag phase in 8 and 16 hours, respectively. The addition of HgCl2 also affected morphological appearance of the bacterial colony to black. Brevundimonas sp. HgP1 accumulated Hg2+ up to 1.09 and 2.7 mg/g dry weight of cells and removed 64.38 and 57.10% Hg2+ from the medium containing 50 and 100 ppm HgCl2, respectively.

Isolation and Purification of Thiamine Binding Protein from Mung Bean GUNARTI, DWIRINI RETNO; RAHMI, HANIFAH; SADIKIN, MOHAMAD
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Thiamine has fundamental role in energy metabolism. The organs mostly sensitive to the lack of thiamine levels in the body are the nervous system and the heart. Thiamine deficiency causes symptoms of polyneuritis and cardiovascular diseases. Because of its importance in the metabolism of carbohydrates, we need to measure the levels of thiamine in the body fluids by using an easy and inexpensive way without compromising the sensitivity and selectivity. An option to it is thiamine measurement based on the principle of which is analogous to ELISA, in which a thiamine binding protein (TBP) act by replacing antibodies. The presence of TBP in several seeds have been reported by previous researchers, but the presence of TBP in mung beans has not been studied. This study was aimed to isolate and purify TBP from mung bean. The protein was isolated from mung bean through salting out by ammonium sulphate of 40, 70, and 90% (w/v). TBP has a negative charge as shown by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The result obtained after salting out by ammonium sulphate was further purified bymeans of DEAE-cellulose chromatography and affinity chromatography. In precipitation of 90% of salting out method, one peak protein was obtained by using affinity chromatography. The protein was analyzed by SDS PAGE electrophoresis. The result of SDS PAGE electrophoresis showed that TBP has a molecular weight of 72.63 kDa.

Skin Histology and Microtopography of Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) in Relation to Their Zoogeographical Distribution KREY KREY; ACHMAD FARAJALLAH
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Papuan white snake (Micropechis ikaheka) is endemic to New Guinea (the region of the Papua and Papua New Guinea). Internal histology of skin layer and the microtopography structure on the surface scales of M. ikaheka were the aims of the study. This study also related to zoogeographical of the snake in Papua. Geographical skin color variation of M. ikaheka can be described in three groups, i.e. brown, yellow and black group. The three groups of the snake have specific zoogeography in the mainland of Papua and satellite islands to Papua New Guinea. Paraffin method used in this work showed approximately five layers i.e. oberhautchen, the beta (b)-layer, the mesos layer, the alpha (a)-layer, and the dermis in the snake skin. Although the paraffin method cannot explain the arrangement of pigment cells, however, the dark color on the dermis might contain melanophores that might cause dark color of the snake body. Overlapping scales formed the hinge region were flexible to assist the snakes when they moved across substrate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the oberhautchen of all of M. ikaheka revealed no microornamentation. However, dorsal and ventral scales showed many follicles on the entire surface of the boundary scales.

Development of New CAPS/dCAPS and SNAP Markers for Rice Eating Quality LESTARI, PUJI; KOH, HEE JONG
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Rice eating quality traits are very complex and essential to be evaluated not only through physicochemical analysis and sensory test but also by PCR-based marker approach. To date, simple markers based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery to evaluate eating quality of cooked rice are still limited. Thus, the aims of this study were to develop PCR-based markers, called SNAP (single nucleotide amplified polymorphism) as alternative markers of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence/derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS/dCAPS). Four primer pairs specific to targeted alleles (CAPS/dCAPS and SNAP) of four loci were successfully designed based on the discovered SNPs according to the eating quality-QTL and searching genomic database. The primer pairs were able to identify alleles corresponding loci among indica and japonica varieties with diverse palatability (overall eating quality). There was consistent allele pattern produced by SNAP and CAPS/dCAPS for the same base mutation. The SNAP marker for rice eating quality trait could be easily assayed by standard agarose gel electrophoresis, allowing to increase the advantage of genotyping methods. Moreover, the SNAP markers together with our previous developed markers which were recommended as applicable marker set for evaluation of rice eating quality, will facilitate as marker-assisted selection for rice breeding program.

Nucleus Pearl Coating Process of Freshwater Mussel Anodonta woodiana (Unionidae) SATA YOSHIDA SRIE RAHAYU; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN; WASMEN MANALU; RIDWAN AFFANDI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The limiting factor which is a weakness of sea water pearl production are high costs, the risk of major business failures and a long coating time. From the issue of freshwater pearls appear to have prospects of alternative substitution for sea water pearl. This present study aimed to evaluate effect of loads (the number and diameter nucleus) on freshwater pearl coating process and the number and size of the appropriate nucleus diameter, to produce the optimum coating thickness of half-round pearls. The research consists of experimental implantation of 2, 4, and 6 nucleus number per individual mussel was maintained by the method stocked in hapa in bottom waters. Observation method and factorial randomized block design used in the study of the influence of the load to the successfulness of pearl coating and the pearl layer thickness. The results showed that A. woodiana can be utilized as a producer of freshwater pearls. In addition, the number of optimum nucleus that can be attached to the mussel A. woodiana was 2 grains/individuals with a diameter of 10 mm. Shells implanted with the optimum nucleus diameter and number of pearls produced the highest layer thickness of 17 mm after 9 months cultivation. This result was good enough compared with the layer thickness of sea water pearl production after the same cultivation time.

Secondary Structures of Chloroplast trnL Intron in Dipterocarpaceae and its Implication for the Phylogenetic Reconstruction YULITA, KUSUMADEWI SRI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Unambiguous insertion-deletion events were previously identified in trnL intron of 110 species of subfamily Dipterocarpoideae (Dipterocarpaceae). These indels are associated with the formation of four stem loop structures and featuring characteristic for generic/infra-generic level depended upon which taxonomic classifications are followed. Phylogenetic analyses were performed by including and excluding these structures to examine the robustness of resulted topologies. Results indicated that inclusion of such structures yielded more resoved topologies, and that none of the stemloop structures were homoplasious. Results of this present study was also in agreement with the previous molecular phylogenetic studies that using several genes of cp genomes in that tribe Dipterocarpae was polyphyletic by the placement of all members of the genus Dipterocarpus within tribe Shoreae, and that tribe Shoreae was a potential monophyletic group. The phylogenetic relationships between variable genera of Hopea and Shorea was also in accordance to earlier studies that suggested a potential monophyly of the two with inclusion of Parashorea and Neobalanocapus heimii. Genera that were recived strong branch support (Dipterocarpus, Dryobalanops, Vatica, and Stemonoporus) possessed certains indels exclusive to each and this may contributed to the monophyletic nature of these genera.

Heart Size Evaluation of Indonesian Domestic House Cat by Motion Mode Echocardiography Imaging DENI NOVIANA; LYNN KAAT LAURA KURNIAWAN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Indonesian Domestic House Cats (DHC) are prone to various diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. Physical examination alone is not enough to differenciate cardiac diseases, which is why further screening tests such as heart ultrasonography-echocardiography are needed. Since there has been no information regarding the heart size of Indonesian DHC, the purpose of this study was to determine the heart size of an anesthetized Indonesian DHC through Motion mode echocardiography imaging. Nine male cats weighing between 3.3-3.4 kg were anesthetized using zolazepam-tiletamine. Echocardiographic examinations were taken on the right parasternal short axis view at the papillary muscle and aorta level using a 7.5 MHz transducer. Result showed that the wall thickness, left ventricular internal diameter and fractional shortening of the Indonesian DHC were similar compared with those in other cat breeds with the same average weight. The left atrium internal diameter and the aorta diameter of the Indonesian DHC were relatively smaller. However, the left atrium and aorta diameter ratio were similar to the result in other cat breeds with the same average weight. Through this study, we also could specify the left ventricular volume, stroke volume, cardiac output and ejection fraction that not yet reported before.

Notes on Some Biological Aspects of Arctornis riguata Snellen (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) HARI SUTRISNO; . SUPUTA; HARI PURNOMO; SISWO POLANDONO; CIPTO WALUYO; ROSICHON UBAIDILLAH; . DARMAWAN; . ISMAIL; IMAN HIDAYAT; NUNUK WIDYASTUTI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Arctornis riguata Snellen is one of lymantriids which attacked a vast range of mango trees in Probolinggo at the beginning of 2011. About 1.2% mango trees from nine sub-districts have been defoliated by the larvae of this species. The larvae of this genus have been reported to forage at Anacardiacea as well; however, they have never been reported to forage at cultivated mango trees in Indonesia. Since there is no biological information of this species, thus, a study on some biological aspects of this species is needed. This study was conducted in the field as well as in the laboratory during 4 months (March-July 2011). The diagnostic characters of this species are black scale at dorsal antenna on both male and female and slightly setae particularly at the costal angle of valve on the male genitalia. Life span of this species is in the range of 30-37 days. This study also found four natural enemies of A. riguata i.e.: Bleparipa sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae), Euagathis sp. (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae), Theronia sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and Brachymeria lasus (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae). Moreover, a single fungal pathogen of this species also was identified, i.e. Isaria fumosorosea Wize. Having these results, we considered that to control A. riguata, one need to conserve the native natural enemies by manipulating their environment.

Comparison of Hemoglobins from Various Subjects Living in Hypoxia RINI PUSPITANINGRUM; KURNIA NUZTIR MANTOLINI; . RUSDI; MOHAMAD SADIKIN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 3 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The aim of this research was to obtain the different characteristics of haemoglobin molecules in subjects under hypoxic condition, namely eel, catfish, suckermouth fish, green sea turtle using an electrophoresis technique. We used human umbilical cord blood and thalassemia patient blood, as well as a normal adult-human blood as controls. The proteins obtained after electrophoresis process were stained with two different colouring techniques, each based on different principles. Both staining techniques gave practically identical results. Subject that live in hypoxic condition has a different haemoglobin in comparison to the one found in adult human live in normal oxygen condition (normoxia). These hypoxia-adapted or -needed hemoglobin migrate slower than adult human hemoglobin from normoxia. This observation suggests that hemoglobin which is needed to live in hypoxic condition or environment is a different molecule. Whether this hemoglobin from hypoxic condition has a higher affinity to oxygen is not yet known.

The Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Growth Response of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) Mutant in In Vitro Culture NESTI FRONIKA SIANIPAR; ARIANDANA WANTHO; . RUSTIKAWATI; WILMAR MAARISIT
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is an Indonesian native plant that potential as anticancer. Even though the potential use of bioactive compounds from T. flagelliforme is very high, its genetic variation in Indonesia is low. Gamma irradiation can be used to increase genetic variation. The objective of this research was to obtain the first generation mutants (M1) of T. flagelliforme resulting from gamma irradiation of normal mother plantlets with different plant height and number of shoots. T. flagelliforme was irradiated at the doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy. The percentage of plant death was then calculated to determine the Lethal Dose (LD) 50. T. flagelliforme was then re-irradiated at LD50 dose to obtain M1 mutant. The plant height and number of shoots variation was observed after eight weeks of culture. The analysis of T. flagelliforme radiosensitivity resulted in LD50 at 25 Gy. Observation at six weeks after irradiation showed significant differences between the normal mother plant, 20 Gy mutants, and 25 Gy mutants with an average plant height of 9.57, 3.41, and 2.43 cm respectively, and the average number of shoots produced was 7.85, 6.03, and 5.00 shoots respectively. Irradiation at 20 and 25 Gy produced 49 and 37 mutant plantlets. This research showed that gamma irradiation at LD50 dose could generate plant height and number of shoots variation of M1 mutant plantlets that are different from normal mother plantlets.

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