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Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings
Published by Future Science
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Articles 1,542 Documents
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Virtual Screening the Interaction of Various Compound from Indonesian Plants with the HGXPRT Enzyme to Find a Novel Antimalarial Drug Wilda Nur Rohmatillah; Naura Bathari Winarto; Arthur Hariyanto Prakoso; Bawon Triatmoko; Ari Satia Nugraha
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings International Conference on Life Sciences and Biotechnology (ICOLIB)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0805

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been a notable source for antimalarial agents. This study was aimed to investigate the antimalarial potency of Indonesian medicinal plants used traditionally in malarial fever therapy. A total of 238 compounds derived from 43 plants traditionally used to alleviate malarial fever were collected and loaded into molecular docking protocol. The compounds were screened against Hypoxanthine-Guanine-XanthinePhosphoribosyltransferase (HGXPRT, 3OZF) using the AutoDock Vina software 1.1.2. The compound is important for the purine synthesis of the parasite. The experiment resulted in AM125 (20-isoveratramine) from Cyanthillium patulum to possess the highest affinity with free energy (?G)-11 kcal/mol, which is better than HGXPRT native ligands (-6.4kcal/mol). This suggested Cyanthillium patulum was a potential source for antimalarial agents in which its constituents, 20-isoveratramine might responsible for the claims.
In Silico Study of Histo-aspartic Protease (HAP) Inhibitor from Indonesian Medicinal Plants: Anti-malarial Discovery Dinar Mutia Rani; Muhammad Habiburrohman; Yoshinta Debby; Bawon Triatmoko; Ari Satia Nugraha
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings International Conference on Life Sciences and Biotechnology (ICOLIB)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0803

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium sp with the highest clinical incidence of 12.07% in Indonesia. New anti-malaria compounds are needed to replace antimalarial drugs that are already resistant nowadays. One of the efforts to find a new anti-malaria drug is through research on traditional medicinal plants used by Indonesian tribes from the ethnopharmacology database. In silico studies provide saving solutions in the process of computer-aided drug design. Histo-aspartic protease (HAP) is essential for the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and has been validated as an antimalarial drug target. Therefore, molecular docking was used to provide new insights into the development of drugs by targeting HAP protease. There are 238 compounds from 43 medicinal plants used as targeting ligand in this study prepared by Autodock Vina for an automated docking tool. The comprehensive docking protocol was valid showed by the RMSD value of 1,275 Å. The result obtained that AM50 (borrasosides A) from Borassus flabellifer was found to have the least affinity score of -10.1 kcal/mol higher compared to the native ligand. In conclusion, we are assuming that the mechanism of borrasosides A compound might get involved with HAP. Further protocols are required to prove the HAP inhibition towards Plasmodium falciparum.
Detection of Micronucleus, Nucleoplasmic Bridges, and Nuclear Buds Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Cancer Patient Post-Radiation Fractionated Teja Kisnanto; Yanti Lusiyanti; Dyah Erawati; Suryadi
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Bioinformatics and Biodiversity Conferences (BBC)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0707

Abstract

Simple measurement of cytogenetic damage would be of great value for studying genetic risk factors, especially in radiotherapy for cancer patients. One cytogenetic technique that is easy and simple to quantify the damage caused by radiation exposure in cultured human lymphocytes is the micronucleus (MN). This research was conducted to study the induction of micronucleus (MN), Nucleoplasmic Bridge (NPB), and Nuclear Buds (NBUDs) in cancer patients after administration of fractionated radiation exposure total of 20 Gy. Peripheral blood lymphocyte samples obtained from eleven cancer patients as the study group and eleven from the healthy people as the control group were assessed. Both samples were then cultured and added cytochalasin-B to arrest cells during the cytokinesis stage. Its characteristics were observed in binucleated cells (BNC) with cytochalasin blocked micronuclei (CBMN) assay procedure. The number of MN, NPB, and NBUDs was evaluated per 1000 BNC for both the study group and control. The results showed that there was a statistically signif- icant difference (P <0.05) between the frequency of MN in the study group (82.18±39.93) compared to controls (13.18±4.94). Besides, the number of NPB and NBUD in the study group is relatively low. In conclusion, the iden- tification of MN formation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of post-radiation cancer patients has other molecular mechanisms such as NPB and NBUD. Also, demographic factors such as age can influence the appearance of MN, NPB, and NBUDs.
Combination Extract of Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria verticilata) And Sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Indifferent Drying as Anti-Microbial Rizky Rahadian Wicaksono; Eko Sulistiono
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0901

Abstract

Sansevieria and Cymbopogon plants are widely available in Indonesia. This plant has many benefits for us. This plant is usually used as a kitchen spice and herbal medicine because of the benefits of the plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the combination extract of Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria verticilata) and Sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.) in different drying as anti-bacteria as anti-microbial. The method used in this research is true experimental by comparing the control class. The results obtained from this study indicate a combination of Sansevieria and Cymbopogon plant drying 48 hours more effectively inhibits the rate of microbial growth than 24 hours.
Chili Plants: Nutrition Content and Local Varieties as a Genetic Resources Makhziah; Tri Mujoko; Sukartiningrum
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0902

Abstract

Chili (Capsicum sp.) is a vegetable commodity that is widely grown throughout the world after tomatoes are a member of the Solanaceae family, which have very many types, ranging from not spicy to very spicy. Chili originates from South America and Central America, Peru and Mexico and then brought by the Portuguese to Europe and Asia then spread throughout the world. Chili contains many compounds that are good for health, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, folic acid, flavonoid, phenol, capsaicin which can be used to treat malnutrition in society and non-infectious diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer. The content of the nutrition depends on the genotype, environmental conditions, and the fruit ripening phase at harvest. In Indonesia, there are many local varieties or landraces of chili that have adapted well to the local environment. Local varieties are good genetic resources for developing new superior varieties of chili that have the quantity, quality, and resistance to environmental stress.
Biotechnology for Beginner Student Elly Syafriani; Medina Uli Alba Somala; Nova Triani
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0903

Abstract

The research aims to produce a textbook for undergraduate students, especially the students of the Agrotechnology Study Program in Agricultural Faculty of UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Since beginner students quite hard to understand the theory and practice of biotechnology in the agricultural field, thus a textbook was needed to help them improved their understanding of all the general and basic knowledge of biotechnology. This research was conducted by collecting any information from some literature due to biotechnology, then write it into a good textbook. Moreover, some of the research results were also reported in it. This textbook was included eight chapters, respectively: 1) definition, history, and the role of biotechnology; 2) genetic materials; 3) gene structure and expression; 4) molecular technique; 5) biotechnology application; 6) molecular marker and biomarker; 7) bioinformatic; and 8) security, management and intellectual property rights of the genetically modified organism. This book was also written completely with some questions as a task for the students in each chapter. As a result, a textbook with the specificity is 205 pages in HVS (A4) size, written in Bahasa, and the title of this book is “Bioteknologi Umum Untuk Mahasiswa Pemula (Teori dan Aplikasi Bioteknologi di Segala Bidang)”. Although this book was aiming at agricultural students, the theory in it was also enriched with biotechnology information in some aspects, such as medical, environmental, and food technology.
Effects of Papain Concentration and Hydrolysis Time on Degree of Hydrolysis and Glutamic Acid Content of Apple Snail Hydrolysate Dedin Finatsiyatull Rosida; Anugerah Dany Priyanto; Andre Yusuf Trisna Putra
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0904

Abstract

Umami taste enhances the high palatability in cuisine by the presence of high level of glutamic acid content. This savoriness compound could get from fermentation and hydrolysis process. Generally, consumer perception thinks preferable natural sources due to food safety issues. Apple snail (Pila ampullacea) is known as abundant wildlife containing high protein source. The most popular protease in Indonesia is papain, which was used to generate the apple snail hydrolysate. The objective of this research is to define the specified condition based on papain concentration and hydrolysis time to produce umami taste from apple snail. Those two variables showed a significant effect on the degree of hydrolysis and glutamic acid content of apple snail hydrolysate, therefrom the data were several various values in the lowry method and ninhydrin colorimetry, respectively. The established condition resulting in a degree of hydrolysis and glutamic acid content was as high as 56.56 ± 1.65% and 95.34 ± 0.13 ppm. The study concluded that papain within certainly condition denotes free amino acid in releasing of umami taste. Furthermore, this research will be applied as flavour enhancers, commonly known as monosodium glutamate (MSG). Also, this study promotes a natural source as safer flavor enhancers, utilization of potential local commodity, and can compete with the commercial ones.
The Role of Ampo As an Adsorbent for Reducing Peroxide Value in Used Cooking Oil Susilowati; Khanza Lolita Astya; Ulinnuha Syaiful Bachri
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0905

Abstract

In daily life, cooking oil has a very important role. Cooking oil itself has a usage limit. If the cooking oil has a rancid smell and turns brown, the cooking oil is not suitable for reuse. Naturally, cooking oil can only be used 2-3 times. To extend the life of cooking oil and improve its quality so that it can be reused, an adsorption process is carried out to adsorb harmful substances in used cooking oil. In this research, Ampo adsorbent is used which has the advantage of being environmentally friendly and edible. The procedures carried out in this study include the initial analysis of used cooking oil, activation of the Ampo as an adsorbent, the adsorption process by varying the mass of Ampo 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 grams and stirring time of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes and analysis of peroxide value on the adsorbed used cooking oil. The optimal condition of the research is that for the adsorption process using Ampo as adsorbent on used cooking oil, namely by stirring for 60 minutes and Ampo mass of 75 grams. This condition can reduce the peroxide value by up to 93%. While the maximum adsorption power of the Ampo adsorbent was obtained from the proving of the Freundlich isotherm equation theory with a value of 14,6487 mg/gram.
Hot Pres Particle Board Characteristics Using Tanin Adhesive Result Rawwood Extraction Siswanto; Nurul Widji Triana
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0906

Abstract

Wood powder waste is very abundant if it is allowed to rot, which can pollute the environment, therefore wood powder can be made as a material for making particleboard. As an adhesive for the manufacture of particleboard, tannins from the extraction of mangrove bark are needed. According to Paridah and Musgrave 2006, the tannins content in mangrove bark reaches 26%. According to Hamidah 2006 mangrove bark that is dried or crushed contains an average of 20 – 30 % tannins and the content of these tannins is quite high and is very good for use in various kinds of industries. The purpose of this research is to find the optimum temperature of pressing and the amount of added tannins to obtain strong particleboard following SNI. The use of tannins is expected to be an environmentally adhesive alternative. The preparation of this particleboard is done by preparing the raw materials, extracting tannin from mangrove bark using a solvent of 96 % ethanol at a temperature of 70 0C for 3 hours, after that it is continued with the process of making particleboard by mixing between wood powder and tannins with variations of 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% with previously had been mixed with formaldehyde 2% of the weight of wood powder before pressing. Mold is made with a size of 20 x 20 cm were then pressed using a hot press with a temperature of 1100C, 1200C, 1300C, and 1400C. The result obtained was tested for the expected tensile compressive strength values according to SNI where the resulting particleboard can be used for household and industrial purposes. Tannins added as much as 30 % produce the best MOR value of 7,76 kg f/cm2 while the pressing temperature of 120 0C result in the best MOR value of 7,66 kg f/cm2
Comparison Between Chlorella vulgaris And Spirulina platensis in Oxidation Ditch Algae Reactor for Treating Tofu Wastewater Savira Safrilia; Lolita Kurniasari; Euis Nurul Hidayah; Okik Hendriyanto Cahyonugroho; Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 5th International Seminar of Research Month 2020
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.0907

Abstract

Wastewater has been giving a high contribution to the quality of water bodies. Tofu wastewater is one of the contributors since it might contain high organic loading. Microalgae is one of the promising solutions to improve wastewater treatment, especially organic wastewater. However, every microalga has its specific properties and it will affect the quality of treated wastewater. This study aims to compare Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis in an oxidation ditch algae reactor (ODAR) for treating tofu wastewater. The ODAR system was set up under ratio wastewater and microalgae 1:1, the sample was taken every day for 7 days of observation. The sample was analyzed for BOD, DO, and Chlorophyll-a. The results showed that Spirulina platensis has a higher performance in removing organic pollutants than Chlorella vulgaris, which is shown 60% BOD removal, higher DO concentration (5-8 mg/L), and 2,67 mg/L of Chlorophyll-a. Performance of Spirulina plantesis in treating organic wastewater was indicated as a fast-growing microalga than Chlorella vulgaris.

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