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Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Published by Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo
ISSN : 23548487     EISSN : 27159957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal MEDFARM merupakan terbitan dari lembaga jurnal dibawah naungan Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo. Topik atau pembahasan dari Jurnal MEDFARM lebih terfokus pada bidang Farmasi, Obat Tradisional, Makanan, Minuman dan Kesehatan
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 183 Documents
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Computational Investigation of α-Glucosidase Inhibition by Phytochemical Compounds from Muntingia calabura L. Leaves: Insights into Potential Antidiabetic Agents Syaiful Prayogi; Aulia Rahman; Tsaiatul Mahbubah; Nabilla Defira Putri Maisaan
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.682

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease that poses a major global health problem. It is characterized by increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Common therapeutic agents for DM include sulfonylureas, biguanides, and α-glucosidase inhibitors. However, the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors is often associated with several issues such as the presence of non-intestinal α-glucosidase in various body cells, gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhea, bloating, abdominal discomfort), and high IC₅₀ values indicating low potency and efficacy against the α-glucosidase enzyme. This study aims to explore the potential of flavonoid compounds from Muntingia calabura L. (kersen) leaves as α-glucosidase inhibitors through in silico analysis. The study was conducted using molecular docking to evaluate the binding affinity and interaction of flavonoid compounds with the α-glucosidase enzyme. The docking results showed that 8 ligands test exhibited strong binding affinities, inhibitors constants, and stable interactions with the active site of α-glucosidase, comparable to standard inhibitors (acarbose). The two most promising ligands as α-glucosidase inhibitors were identified as 20,40-Dihydroxy-30-methoxydihydrochalcone (50) and (-)-30-Methoxy-20,40,β-trihydroxydihydrochalcone (51), exhibiting binding affinities and inhibition constants of –7.33 kcal/mol; 4.27 μM and –7.30 kcal/mol; 4.45 μM, respectively, have promising potential as natural α-glucosidase inhibitors and may serve as lead compounds for the development of new antidiabetic agents. Their inhibitory potential was further supported by favorable ADMET parameters and compliance with Lipinski’s rule of five. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Anticholesterol Activity of Combined Binahong and Keji Beling Leaf Extracts in Mice (Mus musculus) Eka Septia Nur Rizky; Ganea Qorry Aina; Nursalinda Kusumawati; Eka Farpina
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.684

Abstract

Cholesterol is a type of lipid found in the human body, with approximately 80% produced endogenously by the liver and the remaining 20% obtained from dietary sources. Elevated total cholesterol levels in the blood increase the risk of various health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, hypertension, and even stroke. Prolonged elevation can lead to plaque formation in blood vessels, resulting in impaired circulation and potentially life-threatening complications. The use of synthetic cholesterol-lowering drugs is often associated with unwanted side effects, including liver toxicity, muscle pain, and gastrointestinal disturbances. This has prompted increasing interest in safer, natural alternatives such as herbal medicine, which is perceived to provide fewer side effects and additional health benefits. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cholesterol activity of a combination of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) and Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus) leaf extracts in mice (Mus musculus) induced with a high-cholesterol diet. The extraction method employed was maceration, using 96% ethanol as the solvent to ensure optimal phytochemical yield. The experimental design consisted of five groups: a negative control group, a positive control group, and three treatment groups receiving combinations of Binahong and Keji Beling extracts in ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. Total cholesterol levels were measured using the Point of Care Test (POCT) method. The results showed that all treatment groups experienced a significant reduction in total cholesterol levels (p = 0.001 < 0.05). The most effective reduction was observed in the 1:1 ratio group, with a decrease of 45.39%, followed by the 3:1 group (27.80%) and the 1:3 group (14.17%). These findings indicate strong potential for development as an effective and safe herbal alternative for lowering cholesterol levels.
Formulation and Characteristic Effervescent Tablets of Water Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) With Variation Sodium Bicarbonate Concentration Silvia Triana Pradini; Nadya Ambarwati; Fikria Marfuatin Nur; Nur Rachmawati
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.686

Abstract

Lagenaria siceraria, commonly known as bottle gourd, is a plant from the Cucurbitaceae family that contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, vitamin C, and saponins with potential antioxidant properties. This study aimed to develop effervescent tablets from Lagenaria siceraria using varying concentrations of sodium bicarbonate based on a Full Factorial Design method. The independent variable was the concentration of sodium bicarbonate, while the dependent variables included flow properties, angle of repose, moisture content, organoleptic characteristics, weight and size uniformity, hardness, friability, and dissolution time. Results showed that flow rate ranged from 5.1 ± 0.007 to 5.49 ± 0.025 seconds (p = 0.004), angle of repose from 25.21 ± 0.42 to 25.5 ± 0.024 degrees (p = 0.026), and moisture content from 3.08 ± 0.09 to 4.71 ± 0.027% (p = 0.080). The tablets met the requirements for weight and size uniformity. Tablet hardness ranged from 6.44 ± 1.42 to 7.75 ± 0.56 kP (p = 0.016), friability from 0.16 to 0.81% (p = 0.055), and dissolution time from 1.82 ± 0.02 to 1.96 ± 0.01 minutes (p = 0.047). In conclusion, variations in sodium bicarbonate concentration significantly affected flow properties, angle of repose, hardness, and dissolution time, but had no significant effect on moisture content and friability. Keywords: Lagenaria siceraria; sodium bicarbonate; effervescent tablet
Optimization Of Extraction Conditions For Total Phenols, Flavonoids, And Antioxidant Activity Of Avocado Seeds (Persea Americana Mill.) Using Simplex Lattice Design rizqika bastian tomi; Iswandi Iswandi; Opstaria Saptarini
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.691

Abstract

Avocado pits contain a diverse array of bioactive substances, such as procyanidins, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, acetogenins, fatty amino acids, and mild acids, all exhibiting antioxidant properties. Antioxidants function by preventing oxidation, reducing the formation of harmful compounds, and protecting against aging, inflammation, and cancer. This research centers on assessing the impact of solvent proportions, pinpointing the ideal solvent mixture, and measuring the overall phenolic and flavonoid levels, along with the antioxidant capacity, of the top-performing solvent applied for extracting compounds from avocado seeds. The research method used the SLD (Simplex Lattice Design) Design Expert method. The extract formula was prepared using sonication, with the results showing 17 formulas for three solvents: acetone, distilled water, and 70% ethanol. Test parameters included phytochemical screening tests, specific and non-specific parameter tests, total phenol tests, total flavonoid tests, and antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method. Statistical data analysis was performed using Design Expert with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) output according to the designed experimental design. The results obtained based on the research are the 12th run formula with a solvent ratio of acetone, distilled water, and 70% ethanol (100:0:0) has an extract yield of 3.25%, total flavonoids of 17.302 mgQE/g extract, total phenols of 46.274 mgGAE/g extract, and antioxidant activity of 81.68 ppm, the optimisation results show that the optimum solvent composition is 100% Acetone, without a mixture of 70% Ethanol or Distilled Water.
The Association Between Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Hypertension Incidence in Managaisaki Public Health Center, Tolitoli District Sova Evie; Hasni Hasni; Novica Ariyanti Putri; Alfrida Semuel Ra'bung; Rahmat Kurniawan; Saman Saman; Dwi Yogyo Suswinarto; Azwar Azwar; Enggar Enggar
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.665

Abstract

Smoking remains a major global public health concern and is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and hypertension incidence among residents in the working area of Managaisaki Public Health Center, Tolitoli District. This observational analytic study employed a cross-sectional design with 40 respondents. Independent variables included duration of exposure, type of cigarette, and carbon monoxide (CO) levels in the body, while hypertension incidence was the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. The results showed that 60% of respondents had high smoke exposure, 55% were exposed to unfiltered cigarettes, and 45% had hypertension. Bivariate analysis revealed no significant relationship between duration of exposure (p=0.080) and type of cigarette (p=0.307) with hypertension. However, CO levels were significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.006), where respondents with high CO exposure were more likely to have hypertension. In conclusion, cigarette smoke exposure, particularly elevated CO levels, increases the risk of hypertension. These findings emphasize the importance of tobacco control measures and monitoring CO exposure as a preventive strategy against hypertension.
Anti-Inflammatory And Antipyretic Activity Of Faloak Stem Bark (Sterqulia Quadrifida, R.Br) In Dpt-Hb Vaccine-Induced Mice Stefany S.A Fernandez; Dominus Nbunga; Acacio C Amaral; Stefany Selebele
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.750

Abstract

Faloak Bark (Sterculia quadrifida) has traditionally been used in East Nusa Tenggara to treat various diseases. Its secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, have been identified as bioactive compounds. This study aims to evaluate the potential of Sterculia quadrifida Bark (SQ) as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent. Male Swiss Webster mice were used as test subjects after acclimatization. Two samples were used in this study: Ethanol Extract of Sterculia quadrifida (EESQ) for anti-inflammatory testing and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Sterculia quadrifida (FESQ) for antipyretic testing. This study involved five groups: negative control (CMC), positive control of Diclofenac Sodium (SD, 6.5 mg/KgBw) and Paracetamol (PCT, 65 mg/KgBw), and test group receiving EESQ at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/KgBw, and FESQ at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/KgBw. This study confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins in Sterculia quadrifida. Both EESQ and FESQ showed anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects comparable to the positive control, starting at doses of 200 mg/KgBw and 50 mg/KgBw, respectively. Higher doses showed more substantial antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. These findings suggest that SQ bark has the potential to be developed into an effective traditional medicine for treating fever and inflammation. Further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in humans for chronic use.
Ethnomedicinal Plants for Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic in Osing Tribe, East Java, Indonesia: A Review Firnanda Rayhan Syah Falaini; Arum Suproborini; Yaya Sulthon Aziz; Weka Sidha Bhagawan
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.752

Abstract

The traditional medicinal knowledge of the Osing people in East Java, Indonesia, particularly concerning plants for inflammation and pain, is not systematically documented, hindering its scientific validation and potential integration into modern healthcare. This review aims to systematically document the ethnomedicinal plants used by the Osing community for anti-inflammatory and analgesic purposes, correlate this knowledge with existing scientific evidence, and perform taxonomic validation. A descriptive method was employed by collecting ethnomedicinal data from the RISTOJA (Riset Tumbuhan Obat dan Jamu) database. This was followed by a comprehensive literature review using scientific databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect) to gather pharmacological evidence, and taxonomic verification was conducted using the World Flora Online (WFO) database. The study identified 40 plant species from 29 families traditionally used to treat various inflammatory and pain-related conditions, with Curcuma longa L. being the most frequently cited. The scientific validation revealed that 38 of these species (95%) have reported anti-inflammatory or analgesic activities, confirming the empirical knowledge of the Osing people. The findings highlight a strong correlation between traditional use and pharmacological evidence and identify Tectaria subpedata and Ruellia napifera as promising candidates for future research due to a lack of current scientific data. This research validates Osing ethnobotanical knowledge and provides a basis for developing novel phytopharmaceutical products.
Formulation Study of Acetosal Suppositories Using PEG 400 and PEG 6000: Impact on Physical Properties Dewi Rashati; Dinar Rizqika Fauza; Mikhania Christiningtyas Eryani; Asa Falahi; Anies Rohman
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.754

Abstract

Acetosal suppositories are rectal dosage forms that can be used as an alternative route of administration to minimize gastrointestinal irritation associated with oral acetosal therapy. The suppository base plays an important role in determining the physical characteristics of the preparation. The objective of this study was to evaluate how varying concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 and PEG 6000 affect the physical properties of acetosal suppository formulations. Three formulations were prepared using PEG 400:PEG 6000 ratios of F1 (3:7), F2 (1:1), and F3 (7:3). Physical evaluations included organoleptic properties, weight uniformity, melting time, melting point, and hardness. All formulations exhibited similar organoleptic characteristics, namely solid shape, pale white color, and characteristic odor. The average weight uniformity values were 2594.3 ± 61.9 mg (F1), 2526.9 ± 83.1 mg (F2), and 2315.7 ± 45.4 mg (F3), with significant differences among formulations (p<0.05). The average melting times were 25.1 ± 0.981 min, 19.5 ± 0.574 min, and 15.9 ± 0.508 min for F1, F2, and F3, respectively (p<0.05). The average melting points were 36.3 ± 0.577°C, 35.7 ± 0.577°C, and 34.3 ± 0.577°C for F1, F2, and F3, respectively (p=0.014). Hardness values were 1.93 ± 0.115 kg (F1), 1.87 ± 0.115 kg (F2), and 1.53 ± 0.115 kg (F3), with significant differences among formulations (p<0,05). In conclusion, variations in PEG 400 and PEG 6000 concentrations significantly affected weight uniformity, melting time, melting point, and hardness, while organoleptic properties remained unchanged. Formulations F1 and F2 fulfilled all physical quality requirements and were considered optimal. Keywords: Acetosal, suppositories, PEG 400, PEG 6000
The Effectiveness Test Of Aromatherapy Candles Made From Ciplukan (Physalis Angulata L.) Leaf Extract Against Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes Weni Mulyani; Titi Lasmini; Mutia Rani
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.755

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by a virus transmitted through the bite of mosquitoes, particularly the Aedes aegypti species. The use of natural insecticides is considered the safest method of control as it has minimal side effects. One of the natural insecticides that can be utilized to control DHF vectors is an insecticide rich in secondary metabolites, such as morel berry (Physalis angulata L.) leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of aromatherapy candles made from morel berry leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This research was a quasi-experimental study with simple random sampling. The study consisted of four test groups: aromatherapy candles containing morel berry leaf extract at doses of 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg, as well as a negative control group. Observations were made over a 120-minute period. The mortality rate of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes after treatment was assessed through two tests: one conducted immediately and the other after three days of storage. In the immediate test, the mosquito mortality rate was 30% at 200 mg, 40% at 300 mg, and 60% at 400 mg. In the test after three days of storage, the mortality rate was 20% at 200 mg, 30% at 300 mg, and 80% at 400 mg. It can be concluded that aromatherapy candles made from morel berry leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) are effective and stable in killing Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Thrombolytic Activity Test of Spider Plant Leaf Extract (Chlorophytum Spp.) Siska Zafrida; Hartini H; Ignatius Yulianto; Melsa kharunnisa
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.756

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a disorder of the heart and blood vessels and remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis and thrombosis are major contributors to CVD. Thrombolytic agents such as urokinase, streptokinase, and nattokinase are effective in dissolving blood clots; however, their prolonged use may cause adverse effects and high treatment costs. Therefore, the development of safer and more affordable natural thrombolytic agents is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro thrombolytic activity of ethanol extract from spider plant leaves (Chlorophytum spp.). The study employed a post-test only control group experimental design using extract concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, with nattokinase as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in the extract. The thrombolytic activity increased with increasing extract concentration. The ethanol extract demonstrated clot lysis percentages of 2.8%, 4.2%, and 5.5% at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. Although its thrombolytic activity was lower than that of the positive control, the extract showed concentration-dependent thrombolytic potential. These findings suggest that spider plant (Chlorophytum spp.) leaves possess bioactive compounds with thrombolytic properties and may serve as a promising natural source for the development of alternative thrombolytic agents. Further studies, including isolation of active compounds and in vivo evaluation, are recommended.

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