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Chairunisa Ayu Saputri
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Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Published by Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo
ISSN : 23548487     EISSN : 27159957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal MEDFARM merupakan terbitan dari lembaga jurnal dibawah naungan Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo. Topik atau pembahasan dari Jurnal MEDFARM lebih terfokus pada bidang Farmasi, Obat Tradisional, Makanan, Minuman dan Kesehatan
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 154 Documents
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Quality Evaluation and Phytochemical Screening of Kaempferia galanga and Zingiber zerumbet Rhizome Extracts Christian, Yulius Evan; Hermawati, Ema; Qodriah, Rahmatul; Efrilia, Mega; Falestin, Senny Listy Kartika; Chandra, Pra Panca Bayu; Whardhani, Sabrina K.
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.651

Abstract

Indonesia has rich biodiversity that provides potential sources of traditional medicine, including Kaempferia galanga and Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, which are widely used in ethnomedicine. This study aimed to evaluate the quality parameters and phytochemical constituents of both rhizomes in accordance with pharmacopoeial standards. The research involved simplicia preparation, extraction using 96% ethanol by maceration, and subsequent quality testing, including specific, non-specific, and phytochemical screening. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations confirmed the authenticity of the rhizomes, and purity tests showed that foreign organic matter levels were within the acceptable limits (≤2%). The extractive values demonstrated that K. galanga had a higher water-soluble content, whereas the two species had comparable ethanol fractions. Specific and non-specific quality parameters were quantitatively determined in compliance with the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The water-soluble extractive value was 11.30% for K. galanga and 9.20% for Z. zerumbet, while ethanol-soluble extractive values were both 5.30%. Loss on drying and moisture content remained below 10% for both rhizomes, meeting the required threshold. Specific gravity values of 0.8367 g/mL (K. galanga) and 0.79 g/mL (Z. zerumbet) indicated proper extract concentration. These parameters confirm the extracts' quality, stability, and suitability for further phytopharmaceutical development.
Cost Minimization Analysis of Antibiotic Drug Use in Pneumonia Patients at Udayana Class II Hospital Wiryani, Luh Santhi Utami; Megawati, Fitria; Candraningrat, I Dewa Agung Ayu Diva
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.655

Abstract

Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, with a high economic burden mainly due to antibiotic use, which consumes a large portion of hospital budgets. This study aimed to analyze the cost-minimization of antibiotic therapy in hospitalized pneumonia patients at Tk II Udayana Hospital. A descriptive non-experimental retrospective study was conducted using medical records of pneumonia inpatients at Tk.II Udayana Hospital from January to December 2023. A total of 138 patients met the inclusion criteria. Data analyzed included demographics, length of stay, and direct medical costs. Cost minimization analysis was performed by comparing the average direct medical costs of each antibiotic therapy. Of 233 medical records screened, only 138 fulfilled the criteria. Male patients (53.6%) were slightly more than females (46.4%), with the majority aged 1–5 years (64.5%). Most patients had a length of stay of 1–7 days (99.3%). Antibiotics used included Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Azithromycin, Cefoperazone, and Cefixime (monotherapy or combination). The highest direct medical cost was found in Ceftriaxone monotherapy (IDR 1,973,061 ± 393,521), while the lowest was in Cefixime monotherapy (IDR 1,574,659 ± 39,208). Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference in costs based on the length of stay (p=0.123). Cefixime monotherapy was the most cost-minimization therapy for pneumonia inpatients at Tk.II Udayana Hospital, with equal clinical effectiveness but lower costs compared to other therapies. This finding may serve as a consideration for hospital formulary development to improve budget efficiency without compromising quality of care.
Topical Metformin In Dermatology: A Narrative Review Of Efficacy And Formulation Approaches Fajriyah, Shofiatul; Wahyuningwulan, Fitria; Winduhani, Lelly; Rilawati, Fentyana Dwi; Kusumaratni, Dyah Ayu
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.659

Abstract

Metformin, a well-established first-line oral antidiabetic agent, has recently attracted interest in dermatology because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. The skin, being vulnerable to aging and environmental damage, is a promising target for topical metformin therapy, although its clinical translation remains limited. This narrative review critically examines current evidence on topical metformin in dermatological applications and explores formulation approaches to optimize its cutaneous delivery. A thematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2015 and 2025, focusing on studies of topical metformin for skin disorders. The final selection included 13 articles on wound healing, 5 on melasma, 1 on acne, 1 on psoriasis, and 1 on alopecia, all meeting predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research were synthesized into three themes: pharmacological rationale, therapeutic efficacy, and formulation strategies. Promising results have been reported in melasma, acne, psoriasis, alopecia, and wound healing, where topical metformin has been shown to modulate melanogenesis, accelerate wound closure, reduce inflammatory cytokines, enhance hair regrowth, and support scar-free repair. Diverse formulations, including hydrogels, ethosomes, lipid nanoparticles, and niosomes, have been designed to improve skin penetration, drug retention, and therapeutic benefit while limiting systemic exposure
Nanococrystals in Pharmaceutical Development: Design, Characterization, and Applications Susanto, Sharon
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.663

Abstract

Drug solubility is a fundamental challenge in pharmaceutical development, especially for oral dosage forms where poor solubility limits therapeutic effectiveness. Among the approaches explored to address this issue, cocrystals and nanocrystals have shown notable advantages in improving physicochemical properties and drug delivery. Nanococrystals, which integrate the principles of both systems, represent a promising platform with potential benefits in solubility, bioavailability, and stability. This study was designed as a systematic literature review of publications from 2015 to 2025 retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. Relevant studies were analyzed thematically to provide insights into nanococrystal design, including the role of active pharmaceutical ingredients, coformers, stabilizers, and solvents. Fabrication methods such as antisolvent precipitation, wet milling, high pressure homogenization, and spray flash evaporation were reviewed alongside characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, spectroscopy, and microscopy. Applications of nanococrystals consistently demonstrate significant improvements in solubility, dissolution rate, and oral bioavailability compared to conventional forms, confirming their potential as an advanced drug delivery strategy for future pharmaceutical development.
The Factors Affecting Patient Safety Incidents (PSIs) Reporting at Indonesian Hospitals: A Literature Review Sembiring, Dian Agnesa; Arsyi, Miftahul
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.667

Abstract

Underreporting of PSIs hampers efforts to improve service quality and patient safety (PS), as unreported incidents cannot be analyzed for future learning or prevention. This study employed a literature review method by searching online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Garuda Kemdikbud. The inclusion criteria were original articles published within the last five years, available in full text, open access, and written in English or Indonesian. A total of 33 articles met these criteria. The synthesis identified three main factors influencing PSI reporting in Indonesian hospitals: individual, organizational, and external factors. Individual factors include knowledge, attitudes and motivation, perceptions and fears, and demographic characteristics. Organizational factors consist of patient safety culture (PSC), leadership and management support, feedback mechanisms, reporting systems, and socialization and training. External factors are mainly related to government support and national policies.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nanoemulsions Combination of Black Cumin Seed Oil (Nigella sativa L.) and Moringa Seed Oil (Moringa oleifera L.) as Sunscreen Sari, Dessy Erliani Mugita; Puryanti, Della Triyana; Islamiyati, Ricka; Zulkarya, Luvita Gabriel; Riyanto, Bagus
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.672

Abstract

Nanoemulsion preparations can improve quality and facilitate the penetration of active ingredients into the skin. Black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa L.) and Moringa seed oil (Moringa oleifera L.) contain flavonoids that can absorb UV rays. This study aims to determine the physical properties and SPF value of nanoemulsion preparations as a sunscreen combination of black cumin seed oil and moringa seed oil. Nanoemulsion preparations with variations in the concentration of black cumin seed oil: moringa seed oil at F1 4:0, F2 0:4, F3 2:2, F4 3:1 and F5 1:3. Nanoemulsion preparations are evaluated for their physical and chemical properties such as organoleptis test, pH, viscosity, percent transmittance, particle determination test and SPF value. The results showed that variations in the concentration of black cumin seed oil and moringa seed oil affected to the test except in viscosity, statistical tests on pH tests and SPF tests have significant differences. The results of the transmittance percent test, perticle size test and polydispersity index of the preparation are in the ideal range. The potential zeta test results of the preparation do not fall within the ideal range. Black cumin seed oil and moringa seed oil in nanoemulsion preparations meet the parameters of good physical properties, organoleptis test, pH test, viscosity test, transmittance percent test, , while in particle determination test it does not meet the requirements on potential zeta measurement. Formula 1 is the optimal formula of nanoemulsion preparations as sunscreens.
Effect of Temperature and Extraction Time on the Total Phenolic Content of 70% Ethanol Extract of Temu Giring Rhizome (Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp.) Susiloningrum, Dwi; Handayani, Yanulia; Nafi’ah, Luthfiana Nurulin
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.673

Abstract

Temu giring (Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp.) is a type of medical plant in the form of rhizomes. The plant is from the Zingiberaceae family. Intersection giring rhizome has various activities including antioxidant, antiviral, antiaging, and antimicrobial. Temu giring rhizome has various activities including antioxidant, antiviral, phenolic, saponin, and essential oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and time of extraction with UAE (Ultrasonic Assited Extraction) on the total phenolic content of the 70% ethanol extract of the rhizome of teemu giring by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the highest total phenolic content was at a temperature of 40°C with a time 20 minutes namely 2,33%GAE, while the lowest total phenolic content was at a temperature of 30°C with a time of 10 minute namely 1,24%GAE.
High Prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medications among Geriatric Cardiovascular Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Hospital in Eastern Indonesia Kurniawati, Nelly; D, Masni; Rahayu, Sri; Sola, Oktaviano Mariano Alberthino
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.675

Abstract

Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) are a frequent concern among elderly patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), where polypharmacy and age-related vulnerability increase the risk of adverse outcomes. This study investigated the prevalence and contributing factors of PIMs in elderly CVD patients at dr. TC Hillers Hospital, Maumere, Indonesia. Both the 2023 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria and the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions (STOPP) version 3 were applied to assess PIMs . A hospital based cross sectional design was implemented from August to September 2023, enrolling outpatients aged 65 years and above with confirmed CVD diagnose. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and medications were collected from medical records. Among 110 patients, 141 PIM events (18.1%) were identified from 779 medications using Beers 2023, and 168 PIM events (21.6%) using STOPP v3. Chi-square test was used to examine differences in the prevalence of PIMs across demographic and clinical characteristics. The overall patient level prevalence of PIMs was 71% based on Beers 2023 and 68% based on STOPP v3. Polypharmacy was the strongest determinant, even in the absence of comorbidities. A higher Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) scores showed no significant association with PIMs when using Beers 2023, but was significantly with STOPP v3. No significant associations were found with age or gender. Proton pump inhibitors, diuretics, and the combination of spironolactone with RAS inhibitors were the most frequent PIMs. In conclusion, PIM prevalence among elderly CVD outpatients in Maumere is alarmingly high, reflecting the complexity of cardiovascular pharmacotherapy.
Test Antioxidant Content In Herb Kyllinga nemoralis Extract With DPPH Method Firmansah, Moh.; Sekti, Beta Herilla; Arta, Alfa Frista
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.676

Abstract

Antioxidants are compounds capable of slowing or preventing oxidation, even in relatively low concentrations, thereby contributing to various physiological functions in the body. The antioxidant components found in plants act as free radical scavengers by transforming them into less reactive molecules. Jukut Pendul (Kyllinga nemoralis) contains several bioactive substances, including flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, which are recognized for their potential as natural antioxidants. Flavonoids, for instance, exhibit antioxidant activity by donating hydrogen atoms or through their metal-chelating properties. These compounds can be present as glycosides (with glucose moieties) or in the free form known as aglycones. This research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Kyllinga nemoralis extract. The plant material was sourced from Banyuwangi, East Java. Extraction was performed using the maceration method with 70% ethanol as the solvent. The free radical scavenging activity was assessed using the DPPH (1 radical) method. Ascorbic acid was used as positive control. Measurement of absorbance was carried out through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The extract was tested at concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 μg/mL. The findings revealed that the value of Kyllinga nemoralis extract was 11.351 μg/mL, whereas ascorbic acid exhibited an IC50 of 3.43 μg/mL. The antioxidant activity of Kyllinga nemoralis ethanol extract falls into the very strong category, ranging <50-100 μg/mL. These results suggest that although the antioxidant strength of Kyllinga nemoralis is lower than that of , the extract still possesses detectable radical-scavenging activity.
Computational Analysis of Biflavonoid Derivatives through Molecular Docking on ALK Kinase Receptor as Potential Inhibitors of A549 Cell Proliferation Rahayu, Feri Kanti; Cahyani, Arinda Nur; Prayogi, Syaiful; Anggraeni, Dossy Susan; Zahra, Putri Aulia; Ernanda, Azzahra Rhisma; Falupi, Indah Fajar; Rahma, Dila
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.678

Abstract

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, it ranks third after cervical and breast cancers, with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type, accounting for 85–88% of cases. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a key molecular target in NSCLC, contributing significantly to carcinogenesis. However, resistance to current ALK-targeted therapies poses a major challenge. To address this, new drug discovery efforts are urgently needed. While drug development is typically time-consuming and costly, Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) offers an efficient strategy at the early stages. Biflavonoid derivatives have shown anticancer potential but are limited by poor solubility and low activity, warranting further optimization. This study explores structural modifications of biflavonoid derivatives to identify potential ALK inhibitors. The results indicate that the modified compounds (Compounds A and B) demonstrated binding affinities comparable to the reference drug, Entrectinib, suggesting their promise as novel anticancer candidates.

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