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Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Published by Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo
ISSN : 23548487     EISSN : 27159957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal MEDFARM merupakan terbitan dari lembaga jurnal dibawah naungan Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) Akademi Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Sunan Giri Ponorogo. Topik atau pembahasan dari Jurnal MEDFARM lebih terfokus pada bidang Farmasi, Obat Tradisional, Makanan, Minuman dan Kesehatan
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 183 Documents
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Stability Test Of Miana Leaf Extract (Coleus Atropurpureus) With The Addition Of Glycerol In The Diagnosis Of Parasitic Infections Yeli Hartuti; Karolina Rosmiati; Miftah Arrifah
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.757

Abstract

Worm infections (Helminthiasis) are among the most common infections affecting children. Worm infections caused by soil-transmitted helminths result from contact with the eggs or larvae of these parasites, which develop in moist soil. One method for detecting parasitic worm infections is the Direct slide method using 2% eosin. Miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus) are plants that contain anthocyanin pigments, producing purple, red, or blue colors, so extracts from miana leaves can be used in the identification of Soil Transmitted Helminth eggs. However, the stability and effectiveness of miana leaf extracts during storage are currently unknown. This study aims to determine the storage stability of miana leaf extract at 2–6°C with the addition of 0.5% and 1% glycerol in the diagnosis of helminth infections. This is a true experimental study with a post-test control design. Miana leaf extract was obtained through a maceration process using distilled water and 2% acetic acid (1:7) as solvents. Glycerol 0.5% and 1% were then added to the miana leaf extract, which was stored at 2–6°C and tested for staining stability on days 0, 5, 10, and 15. The results of the study on day 0 showed a score of 3 for all treatments. The extract without glycerol showed a decrease in stability on day 5 and onwards, as did the extract with the addition of 0.5% glycerol, which showed a decrease in stability on day 10 and onwards, while the addition of 1% glycerol maintained color stability until day 15. The results of the study can be concluded that the addition of 1% glycerol effectively maintains the stability of miana leaf extract for 15 days at a temperature of 2–6°C in the diagnosis of helminth infection .
Interaction Study of 2-Benzoxazolinone Derivatives with DPP-4 and Aldose Reductase Enzymes: Discovery of Novel Antidiabetic Agents Aziez Ismunandar; Aulia Rahman; Helmi Aditya Putra; Syaiful Prayogi; Luthfi Hidayat
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.760

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that represents a major global health burden. Its pathophysiology involves impaired insulin function, including pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion, and autoimmune-mediated β-cell destruction. The identification of effective therapeutic agents and novel molecular targets remains a priority in antidiabetic drug discovery. Among potential targets, Aldose Reductase (ALR2) and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) have attracted increasing interest because of their roles in DM progression and complications. Previous studies have suggested that 2-benzoxazolinone derivatives possess promising biological activities and may act as inhibitors of diabetes-related molecular targets. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction of selected 2-benzoxazolinone derivatives with ALR2 and DPP-4 using an in silico approach. Molecular docking was performed using PyRx integrated with AutoDock Vina, while BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer and MarvinSketch were utilized for ligand preparation and interaction analysis. In addition, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties were predicted using the pKCSM platform. The results showed that compounds 6b (-11.1 kcal/mol; 0.01 µM), 6d (-11.1 kcal/mol; 0.01 µM), and bv10 (-10.8 kcal/mol; 0.01 µM) exhibited binding affinities against ALR2 comparable to the reference inhibitor Zopolrestat (-12.2 kcal/mol; 0.001 µM). For DPP-4, compounds c26 (-7.9 kcal/mol; 1.62 µM), c4 (-7.8 kcal/mol; 1.91 µM), and c6 (-7.7 kcal/mol; 2.27 µM) demonstrated better docking performance than Vildagliptin (-6.6 kcal/mol; 14.5 µM). These compounds also showed generally favorable ADMET profiles. Therefore, they warrant further in vitro and in vivo studies as potential antidiabetic drug candidates.
Effect of Superdisintegrant Concentration on the Physical Properties of Diclofenac Sodium Orally Disintegrating Granules (ODGs) Bangkit Riska Permata; Indari Rahimi; Danang Raharjo; Iqbal Wahid Abdullah
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.761

Abstract

The development of diclofenac sodium orally disintegrating granules (ODGs) offers a promising approach to improve patient compliance, particularly among pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic patients. Although crospovidone and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) are widely used as superdisintegrants, limited information is available regarding their optimal combination in diclofenac sodium ODG formulations. This study aimed to optimize the combination of crospovidone and SSG by evaluating different crospovidone ratios (2.4:1–1:2), including an equal ratio (1:1), on the physical characteristics and disintegration performance of diclofenac sodium ODGs prepared by wet granulation. Six formulations were developed while maintaining constant concentrations of other excipients. The granules were evaluated for flow properties, particle size distribution, bulk and tapped density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s ratio, moisture content, and disintegration time. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). All formulations exhibited excellent flowability, with angles of repose of 18.10–19.45°, Carr’s Index of 12.28–13.46%, Hausner’s ratio of 1.14–1.16, moisture content of 2.41–2.73%, and uniform particle size distribution (d50: 305–325 µm). All formulations complied with the European Pharmacopoeia disintegration requirement (<180 s), while F1, F2, and F4 also met the USP criterion (<30 s). Disintegration time ranged from 21.38 to 38.47 s and was significantly affected by the crospovidone–SSG ratio (p < 0.05). Formulation F4 demonstrated the fastest disintegration time (21.38 s) and the most favorable overall characteristics. These findings indicate that optimizing the crospovidone-SSG combination enhances disintegration performance while maintaining acceptable physical quality, making F4 a promising diclofenac sodium ODG formulation.
Formulation and Antibacterial Evaluation of Liquid Soap Containing Pineapple Peel Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes Eliya Mursyida; Frengki Molek Wirajaya; Olvaria Misfa
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.765

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance highlights the need for alternative antibacterial agents, particularly against Gram-positive pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Pineapple peel (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.), an agricultural by-product, contains bioactive compounds with reported antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to formulate ethanol extract of pineapple peel into a liquid soap and evaluate its physicochemical properties and antibacterial effectiveness. The extract was incorporated at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Physicochemical evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, free alkali content, and specific gravity. Antibacterial activity was determined using the agar well diffusion method against S. aureus and S. pyogenes. All formulations met general quality requirements for liquid soap preparations, with pH values ranging from 7.3 to 9.7, specific gravity between 1.01 and 1.04g/mL, and free alkali content ≤0.1%. Antibacterial testing demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in inhibition zone diameter. The 15% formulation exhibited the highest activity, producing inhibition zones of 13.30mm against S. aureus and 20.25mm against S. pyogenes, with statistically significant differences compared to lower concentrations (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that pineapple peel extract can be successfully incorporated into a stable liquid soap formulation while retaining its antibacterial activity. The 15% formulation shows promising potential as a natural-based antibacterial cleansing product.
Formulation and Testing of In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract Cream from Plumeria rubra L. Leaves for Topical Skin Inflammation aftahul hajlina; Erida Novriani; Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.771

Abstract

Skin inflammation in Indonesia has a prevalence of up to 6.8%, with corticosteroids being the primary treatment despite risking serious long-term side effects. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the topical anti-inflammatory and tissue-repair activity of an ethanol extract cream of Plumeria rubra L. leaves as a natural alternative. The extract was obtained through maceration with 96% ethanol and formulated into an oil-in-water (O/W) cream at concentration variations of 2% (F1), 4% (F2), and 6% (F3). Phytochemical screening revealed that the extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and steroids. Physical evaluation demonstrated that the preparations are stable, homogeneous, possess standard pharmaceutical spreadability and adhesion, and maintain an ideal skin-compatible pH range (4.5–5.24). In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation in white rats showed a significant difference in healing by day 9 (p < 0.05). Formula F2 (4%) yielded the most optimal results, exhibiting the smallest average wound length of 0.64 ± 0.11 cm and a healing time of 9.00 ± 0.00 days, which was statistically equivalent to the positive control. Increasing the concentration to 6% (F3) did not provide a significant acceleration in healing, indicating a saturation concentration phenomenon. In conclusion, the Plumeria rubra L. leaf extract cream at a 4% concentration is the most efficient and effective formula for accelerating wound healing and treating skin inflammation.
Formulation and Antioxidant Testing of Gold Nanoparticles Serum from Arabica Coffee Husk Extract (Coffea arabica L.) as an Anti-Aging Agent Yetti Hariningsih; Syamsul Ma'arif; Siti Nurhayati; Jihan Khoiriyyah
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.773

Abstract

Arabica coffee bean husks (Coffea Arabica L.) are known to contain polyphenols, one of which is flavonoids, which have the potential to act as bioreductive agents in the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles are widely used in cosmetics because they can increase skin elasticity, improve skin metabolism, and have anti-aging properties. The purpose of this study was to formulate a gold nanoparticle serum using coffee bean skin extract and determine its antioxidant effectiveness. The gold nanoparticle biosynthesis method used in this study was the green synthesis method, while the method used to test antioxidant activity was the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Characterization results of gold nanoparticles from Arabica coffee fruit peel extract showed a color change from yellow to purple. The results of the physical quality evaluation of gold nanoparticle serum from Arabica coffee fruit peel extract at F1 with a pH of 6.45 ± 0.05, viscosity 933.75 ± 13.77 cP, and spreadability 6.20 ± 0.08. F2 with pH 6.20 ± 0.08, viscosity 917.50 ± 11.90 cP, and spreadability 6.43 ± 0.05. F3 with pH 5.90 ± 0.08, viscosity 987.50 ± 6.55 cP, and spreadability 6.6 ± 0.08. The antioxidant activity results of Arabica coffee fruit peel extract nanoparticles showed an IC50 value of 9.826, Vitamin C at 1.653, both of which have very strong antioxidant activity, while the gold nanoparticle serum from Arabica coffee fruit peel at 53.239 has strong antioxidant activity because it has an IC50 value in the range of 50–100 Keywords: consist Gold nanoparticles; Arabica coffee fruit skin; Serum; Antioxidant
Analysis Of Heavy Metal In Refilled Drinking Water In Demak Regency Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Yanulia Handayani; Kadar Ismah; Dwi Susiloningrum; Nova Wahyu Utami
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.781

Abstract

Drinking water is a vital necessity which must meet the health standards because it directly impacts the body's biological functions. Increasing groundwater pollution has prompted people, especially in rural areas, to turn to refilled drinking water as a practical and economical option. However, the quality of refilled drinking water remains a concern, particularly regarding the potential for heavy metals such as Pb, Fe, Cd, and Cr, which are harmful to health. This study aimed to determine the levels of those heavy metals in refilled drinking water in Demak and analyze the effects of ozone, ultraviolet, and reverse osmosis disinfection methods on metal content. This study used a quantitative descriptive approach which used nine samples from drinking water refill station in Demak with three samples for each disinfection method. Metal content was analyzed by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), while pH and organoleptic tests were used to complete the water quality evaluation. All samples had Pb, Cd, and Cr levels below the thresholds stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 492/2010 and SNI 3553:2015. However, Fe levels in several samples exceeded the standards (0.1 mg/L according to SNI and 0.3 mg/L according to the Minister of Health Regulation), with the highest value was 0.31 mg/L. Six samples had a pH below 6.5, indicating acidic properties that could potentially accelerate corrosion and release heavy metals. Most refilled drinking water in Demak met quality standards, but required special attention to Fe and pH levels approaching or exceeding the thresholds. Keywords: Refilled drinking water, heavy metals, disinfection method, AAS
Potential of Mentha spicata L. Leaf Fraction Spray as an Antibacterial and Antiseptic Agent in an Infected Incision Wound Model: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Nabilla Putri Auliyah; Candra Eka Saputra; Aqilla Farhanadila; Riswanda Irsadina Najiha; Fadilla Citra Suci; Ani Florida Ngete
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.784

Abstract

Bacterial infections in incision wounds, predominantly caused by pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, present a critical challenge in post operative care. Mentha spicata L. leaves, rich in carvone and limonene, possess substantial potential as natural antibacterial and wound healing agents. This study aimed to evaluate the physical stability of a 70% ethanol fraction spray formulation of Mentha spicata L. and its in vivo healing efficacy on a Staphylococcus aureus infected incision wound model. Initially, an in vitro antibacterial screening against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was conducted using a 5% concentration of n-hexane, chloroform, and 70% ethanol fractions. The 70% ethanol fraction was determined as the optimal fraction against Staphylococcus aureus, exhibiting the highest diameter of zone of inhibition (DZH: 16.32 ± 0.31 mm), while Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed low sensitivity (5.26 ± 0.41mm) due to its robust biofilm barrier. This optimal fraction was formulated into a spray preparation at three concentrations: 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 20% (F3). Stability testing through 3 consecutive cycles of a cycling test confirmed that all formulations remained physically and chemically stable. For the in vivo efficacy test, threee male New Zealand White rabbits received a 2 cm incision wound inoculated with 10⁸ CFU/mL of Staphylococcus aureus. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by measuring the relative wound area on Days 0, 7, and 14. Data were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA followed by a Post Hoc LSD test (p < 0.05). In vivo results indicated that F3 (20%) significantly accelerated incision wound closure compared to the Negative Control (p < 0.05), showing an identical healing progression to the commercial antiseptic Positive Control (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the 70% ethanol fraction spray of Mentha spicata L. leaves at 20% is stable and effective, making it a promising phytopharmaceutical candidate for treating infected incision wounds.
Hydrogel Eye Patch Combination of Tomato Extract and Astaxanthin as Anti-Aging Dessy Erliani Mugita Sari; Ricka Islamiyati; Lilis Sugiarti; Revalina Nuri Ayushita; Zuni Novita Andriani
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.787

Abstract

Wrinkles are a signs of skin aging caused by intrinsic factors (dryness, thinning, wrinkles) and extrinsic factors like UV exposure, which increases Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and thereby triggering premature aging. Anti-aging efforts can be carried out through the use of cosmetic products, particularly topical agents containing antioxidants and cell regulators. This study aims to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the anti-aging effectiveness, of a combination of tomato extract and astaxanthin in the form of a hydrogel eye patch. The formulations were prepared in four variations, namely F0 as the base, F1 containing 1% tomato extract, F2 containing 1% astaxanthin, and F3 as a combination of both. Based on the test results, the best formula was F3, which contained a combination of tomato extract and astaxanthin. The evaluations conducted included organoleptic tests, weight and size uniformity, pH, swelling capacity, elasticity, and anti-aging effectiveness. The effectiveness test results showed that F3 provided the best result with a value of 61%. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA showed a significance value of less than 0.05, indicating a significant difference between before and after the use of the hydrogel eye patch. Overall, the formulations F1, F2, and F3 met the applicable requirements and demonstrated that the combination of tomato extract and astaxanthin is effective for use in hydrogel eye patch formulations as an anti-aging agent, where as F0 did not meet the physical characteristics requirement, particularly in the pH evaluation, where the results exceeded the normal pH of human skin.
Assesment of Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Hospital X, Malang Regency: A Gyssens Method Erna Susanti; Ellyvina S. Dhini
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v15i1.788

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance remains a major problem in medicine. The therapy and goals of antibiotic treatment given to patients do not meet the expected therapeutic targets due to the occurrence of antibiotic resistance. The long-term goal of this study is to achieve the rationality of antibiotic use based on the results of a qualitative analysis of antibiotic use at Hospital X, Malang Regency using the Gyssen method. The main goal to be achieved is to prevent antibiotic resistance in hospitals due to irrational use. The specific objective of this study is to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic use among patients in the Internal Medicine, surgical, and obstetrics-gynecology departments based on Gyssens criteria. This study uses a retrospective descriptive method to provide a general overview of antibiotic use at Hospital X, Malang Regency. The sample consisted of patient medical records and antibiotic administration record data, including 50 internal patients, 50 surgical patients, and 40 Obgyn patients. The results showed that ceftriaxone was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic across Internal Medicine, surgical, and Obgyn cases. Based on the Gyssens analysis, antibiotic use was classified into categories 0, I, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, and V, with the highest proportion observed in category IIIB. Overall, the findings indicate that antibiotic use at Hospital X, Malang Regency predominantly falls into category IIIA, suggesting issues related to the duration of therapy.

Page 17 of 19 | Total Record : 183

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