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Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia
Published by Utan Kayu Institute
ISSN : 27456498     EISSN : 27458008     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47679/makein
Core Subject : Humanities, Health,
Humanities Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia (MAKEIN) with registered ISSN 2745-6498 (Print) and ISSN 2745-8008 (online), is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes material on all aspects of public health science. This MAKEIN provides the ideal platform for the discussion of more sophisticated public health research and practice for authors and readers worldwide. The priorities are originality and excellence. The journal welcomes high-impact articles on emerging public health science that covers (but not limited) to nursing and midwifery, epidemiology, biostatistics, nutrition, family health, infectious diseases, health services research, gerontology, child health, adolescent health, behavioral medicine, rural health, chronic diseases, health promotion, evaluation and intervention, public health policy and management, health economics, occupational health and environmental health.
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Keperawatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 96 Documents
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Description of Resilience in Adolescents with HIV/AIDS Anggi Oktapia S; Arthur Huwae
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023119

Abstract

The stigmatization of PLWHA persists, causing it difficult for PLWHA to participate in social activities. Due to prejudice, intimidation, and neglect, self-exploration is inhibited for HIV-positive individuals, particularly adolescents. As PLWHA, adolescents must be able to learn and develop their resilience to survive in challenging conditions and times. Therefore, this study aims to determine the resilience profile of adolescents affected with HIV/AIDS in Salatiga City. The methodology employed is qualitative and phenomenologically descriptive. The participants were two adolescents in their late 20s who were infected with the HIV/AIDS virus and resided in Salatiga City. Interviews, observations, and data triangulation were used to collect information. The results indicated that the resilience of PLWHA adolescents was correlated with their capacity to respond to problems healthily and effectively. The resilience-building processes of the two PLWHA adolescents share similarities. This was evident from the two PLWHA adolescents' emotional regulation, impulse control, optimism, problem-solving skills, empathy, self-efficacy, and accomplishment. In addition to elements, the two PLWHA adolescents experienced a variety of characteristics that affect resilience, including spirituality, self-esteem, and social support. Despite specific disparities in creating resilience, it is evident that the two adolescents living with HIV are already resilient since they can adjust to their conditions as PLWHA and continue to live productive lives as late adolescents. Abstrak: Stigmatisasi pada ODHA masih terus terjadi, sehingga sering kali individu ODHA merasa sulit untuk hidup di tengah kehidupan sosial. Individu ODHA khususnya remaja juga mengalami problematika mental yang sengat berat ketika ada dalam lingkungan sosial, sehingga eksplorasi diri menjadi terhambat karena adanya dikriminasi, intimidasi, dan pengabaian. Sebagai ODHA, individu remaja harus bisa belajar dan membentuk sarana diri berupa kemampuan resilien, agar dapat bertahan di situasi dan masa-masa sulit. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengidentifikasi secara mendalam mengenai gambaran resiliensi pada remaja yang terjangkit virus HIV/AIDS di Kota Salatiga. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif fenomenologi. Partisipan yang terlibat sebanyak 2 remaja akhir usia 20 tahun yang terjangkit virus HIV/AIDS dan tinggal di Kota Salatiga, dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa resiliensi remaja ODHA berhubungan dengan bagaimana mereka dapat merespon setiap permasalahan secara sehat dan produktif. Kedua remaja ODHA memiliki kemiripan dalam proses pembentukan resiliensi. Hal ini tampak dari bagaimana kedua remaja ODHA dapat memenuhi aspek regulasi emosi, pengendalian impuls, optimisme, kemampuan menganalisis masalah, empati, efikasi diri, dan pencapaian. Selain aspek, kedua remaja ODHA juga mengalami berbagai faktor yang membentuk resiliensi, yaitu spiritualitas, harga diri, dan dukungan sosial. Meskipun terdapat beberapa perbedaan dalam proses pembentukan resiliensi, secara keseluruhan dapat dilihat bahwa kedua remaja ODHA sudah resilien karena dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi mereka sebagai ODHA serta tetap produktif menjalani hidup mereka sebagai individu remaja akhir.
Aedes Aegypti Hatchability and Larval Development Based on Three Different Types of Water Thia Prameswarie; Indri Ramayanti; Ahmad Ghiffari; Miranti Dwi Hartanti; Dientyah Nur Anggina; Rista Silvana; Ismail Ismail
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023124

Abstract

Clean water reservoirs can become mosquito breeding grounds because water comes from rainwater, water wells, and taps, making them an ideal breeding ground for the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector of the dengue virus. This study aims to determine the hatchability of eggs and the growth of Aedes aegypti in three different types of brooding water in Sako Village, Palembang City. This study is experimental. The sample contains 1200 Aedes aegypti eggs collected from the Health Research and Development Center (Balitbangkes), the Ministry of Health of Indonesia in Baturaja, as well as three types of water collected from the homes of residents suffering from Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Sako Village, Sako District, Palembang City. Data was collected through direct observation for 5 days of egg hatching in the third water, which was repeated three times. The study's results were analyzed by the ANOVA, Honest Significant Difference test (BNJ), and R studio software version 4.1.2. The average number of mosquito eggs that hatched in well water was 77.67%, rainwater was 63,335, tap water was 54.67%, and control was 72.33%. There were significant differences in the effects of the three types of air on the larval and pupal stages of Aedes aegypti development. This study shows that Aedes aegypti mosquitos can breed into adults outside of clean water and water that contains soil, such as water wells. Abstrak: Tempat penampungan air bersih dapat menjadi sarang nyamuk, air berasal dapat berasal dari air hujan, sumur air dan ledeng sehingga menyediakan tempat yang baik bagi nyamuk Aedes aegypti vektor virus dengue untuk berkembang biak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tetas telur dan perkembangan Aedes aegypti pada tiga jenis air perindukan di Kelurahan Sako Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Sampel terdiri dari 1200 butir telur Aedes aegypti yang diperoleh dari Litbangkes Kemenkes Baturaja dan tiga jenis air yang diambil dari dari rumah warga yang menderita penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue yang bertempat tinggal dan menetap di Kelurahan Sako, Kecamatan Sako, Kota Palembang. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung selama lima hari terhadap penetasan telur pada ketiga air tersebut yang dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian di analisis menggunakan ANOVA, uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dan software R studio version 4.1.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah telur nyamuk yang menetas di air sumur mencapai 77,67%, air hujan 63,335, dan air PDAM 54,67% dan kontrol sebesar 72,33%. Terdapat perbedaan yang siginfikan pengaruh tiga jenis air terhadap perkembangan stadia larva dan pupa Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa nyamuk Aedes aegypti mampu berkembang biak menjadi dewasa di luar media air bersih dan air yang dasarnya mengandung tanah seperti air sumur.
Determinants of Dengue Fever Incidence in Dense Residential Areas: A Systematic Literature Review Nurdin; Martini Martini; Mursid Rahardjo
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023126

Abstract

The problem of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has become a major concern for the government in addition to other diseases both infectious and non-communicable. DHF every year always brings victims and is difficult to avoid. This study aims to determine the determinants of dengue incidence. This research uses the literature review method from various reference sources such as scientific journals, manuals from ministries/institutions, proceedings, books, and others. The results of this research reported that there are four determinants that affect the incidence of dengue fever in Indonesia, namely social, economic, environmental, and institutional factors. In the social factor, there are 4 sub-factors, while in the economic factor there are four, in the environment, there are seven and 11 of the institutional sub-factors. This research recommends that in overcoming dengue fever, it is necessary to do it thoroughly, involve all interested actors and be carried out programmatically and sustainably.
The Influence of Thrombocytopenia in Covid-19 Patients on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases Kadek Lia; Onny Setiani; M Sakundarno Adi
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023127

Abstract

The increasing cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in all regions of Indonesia are a disease transmitted through a vector amid the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic, which can seriously threaten public health. This study aims to analyze the relationship between thrombocytopenia in patients with COVID-19 and cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This research was conducted from February to March 2022. The tools used in this study were the Abbot Cell-Dyn Ruby Hematology Autoanalyzer and questionnaires as well as PCR secondary data. Anas used Pearson's Correlation Test statistic and used a cross-sectional study design with 389 respondents who came to check blood at the laboratory. Based on the data obtained, 128 respondents had thrombocytopenia (32.9%) diagnosed with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and as many as 70 out of 128 respondents had been exposed to COVID-19 (54.7%). The analysis results show a relationship between the influence of thrombocytopenia in patients with COVID-19 and cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. It is necessary to improve anamnesis in patients suspected of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, it is hoped that they will carry out investigations related to previous exposure to COVID-19, so that they can provide, fast, precise and accurate treatment and treatment.
Analysis of the Presence of Anopheles Larvae in the City Areas in DKI Jakarta on the Risk of Indigenous Malaria Cases in 2022 Sinthania Karunia Magdalena; Mursid Rahardjo; Sulistiyani
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023137

Abstract

Malaria is one of the diseases that until now is still a special concern for tropical countries such as Indonesia. Prevention of non-indigenous malaria transmission has recently become a priority for the Indonesian government's program to minimize the incidence. This study aims to analyze the presence of anopheles larvae in city areas in DKI Jakarta province which have the potential to be at risk of causing the emergence of indigenous malaria cases in 2022 by observational survey methods and strengthened by literature studies. The results were obtained by discovering anopheles in such “empang” in Marunda Village, Cilincing, North Jakarta, which is adjacent to the Navy Special Forces Command Headquarters dormitory. This is very potential for malaria to spread considering the mobility of troops who often go in and out of endemic areas both at home and abroad. Thus, it is necessary to improve coordination and cooperation between various stakeholders, especially the Province Health Department, the Navy Health Service, or other related agencies.
Relationship between Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (Sflt-1) Levels in Preeclamptic Mothers with Asphyxia Wahida Wahida; Gusriani Gusriani
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023141

Abstract

Soluble Fms like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) is one of the markers that play a role in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The research aimed to determine the relationship between sFlt-1 level and asphyxia. The samples were preeclampsia inpartu consisting of 22 people, and normal pregnancy women consisting of 18 people. An analytic observational study with cross-sectional was conducted. The level of sFlt-1 was examined using ELISA. Statistic analysis used Kruskal Wallis test, One-way Anova test and Pearson correlation test.  The results showed the facts of the study in the preeclampsia and control groups were not different (p> 0.05). In the preeclampsia group, and the control group (7.876 ± 3.792 ng / mL; p <0.05). There was a difference between sFlt-1 levels and the incidence of asphyxia (p = 0.003) in the preeclampsia group, whereas in the control group no relationship was found between sFlt-1 levels and asphyxia (p> 0.05).
Factors That Trigger Cockroach Density: A Literature Review Syafii Abudin; Martini Martini; Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2: October 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023155

Abstract

Cockroaches are mechanical vectors classified as domestic or peridomestic, In addition to being nuisance pests, there are important medical implications associated with cockroach infestations. For example, cockroaches can transport human pathogenic microorganisms on their bodies and physically or mechanically transfer them to food and food handling surfaces. This study aims to collect the results of previous studies related to the influence of the environment on cockroach infestation density and look at factors that affect cockroach density and population, distribution, infestation levels, and the influence of several parameters that trigger cockroach population dynamics density. This study uses the Literature review method, to summarize the results of previous studies to see the factors that trigger cockroach density. From the results of several studies, it is known that the triggering factors are poor sanitation and pest control practices, old and unmaintained building conditions, poorly managed food availability, socioeconomic status, food handler behavior, incorrect insecticide use and physical environmental conditions including temperature, humidity and lighting. Abstrak: Kecoa merupakan vektor mekanik yang diklasifikasikan sebagai domestik atau peridomestik, Selain menjadi hama pengganggu, ada implikasi medis penting terkait infestasi kecoa. Misalnya, kecoa dapat mengangkut mikroorganisme patogen manusia pada tubuhnya dan secara fisik atau mekanis memindahkannya ke makanan dan permukaan penanganan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengumpulkan hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang berkaitan dengan pengaruh lingkungan terhadap infestasi kepadatan kecoa serta melihat faktor yang mempengaruhi kepadatan dan populasi kecoa, distribusi, tingkat infestasi, dan pengaruh beberapa parameter pemicu densitas dinamika populasi kecoa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Literature review, untuk merangkum hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya untuk melihat faktor pemicu densitas kepadatan kecoa. Dari hasil beberapa penelitian diketahui bahwa faktor pemicu adalah faktor praktik sanitasi dan pengendalian hama yang buruk, kondisi bangunan tua dan tidak terawat, ketersediaan pangan yang tidak dikelola dengan baik, status sosial ekonomi, perilaku penjamah makanan, penggunanaan insektisida yang salah serta kondisi lingkungan fisik baik itu suhu, kelembaban dan pencahayaan.
Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Behavior for Adolescents at Senior High School Arisa Harfa Said Lubis; Anto Anto; Rusdiyah Rusdiyah
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2: October 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023168

Abstract

Adolescents are a group at risk for health problems, one of which is sexual behavior. Sexual behavior is any behavior that is driven by sexual desire, both towards the opposite sex and the same sex. This study aims to analyze the factors related to risky sexual behavior for adolescents at SMA Negeri 5 Padangsidimpuan. This study was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample were all students in SMA Negeri 5 Padangsidimpuan with a total of 234 students using the proportional random sampling technique. The data was collected with a questionnaire and analyzed with the chi-square test and logistic regression. The results showed that gender (p=0.028), dating status (p=0.022), knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.001), parents’ role (p=0.002), peer influence (p=0.002), and information sources (p=0.004), there was an influence on sexual behavior in adolescents, while for age (p=0.456) it does not affect sexual behavior for adolescents. The most related variable was peer influence with a value of Epx. (B)=6,58558. Sexual behavior in adolescents is influenced by factors of Gender, Dating Status, Knowledge, Attitudes, Parents’ Role, Peers''s Influence, and Sources of Information. So need Education and counseling on reproductive health are important to reduce the problem in adolescents.
Health risk assessment at hydro cracker complex oil and gas company Zulkifli Djunaidi
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2: October 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023171

Abstract

The hydro cracker complex (HCC) operating area is one of the areas with the most use of chemicals, and several workers complain about the noise in that area. This research determines the level of health hazard risk through a health risk assessment (HRA) focusing on physical, chemical, and biological hazards in the HCC area aims to improve the health status of workers and as a basis for developing occupational health programs to minimize the risk of occupational diseases. This study used primary data (walkthrough survey, interviews, heat stress measurements, noise, lighting, chemicals, fungi, and bacteria) with a cross-sectional method referring to the International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM). The dangers of gasses and chemicals are the most common hazard in the HCC area. Based on the risk assessment, five hazard ratings with the highest risk were obtained, namely noisy environment (extreme), H2S gas (extreme), heat stress (extreme), NH3 gas (high risk), and hydrocarbon vapors (high risk). Existing controls and control recommendations must be applied comprehensively and consistently so that the company can accept the resulting residual risk value. Abstrak: Area operasi hydro cracker complex (HCC) merupakan salah satu area yang paling banyak menggunakan bahan kimia, dan beberapa pekerja mengeluhkan kebisingan di area tersebut. Penelitian ini menentukan tingkat risiko bahaya kesehatan melalui health risk assesment (HRA) yang berfokus pada bahaya fisik, kimia, dan biologi di area HCC yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan pekerja dan sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan program kesehatan kerja untuk meminimalkan risiko penyakit akibat kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer (walkthrough survey, wawancara, pengukuran tekanan panas, kebisingan, pencahayaan, bahan kimia, jamur, dan bakteri) dengan metode cross-sectional mengacu pada International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM). Gas dan bahan kimia merupakan bahaya yang paling umum terjadi di kawasan HCC. Berdasarkan penilaian risiko diperoleh lima peringkat bahaya dengan risiko tertinggi, yaitu lingkungan bising (ekstrim), gas H2S (ekstrim), tekanan panas (ekstrim), gas NH3 (risiko tinggi), dan uap hidrokarbon (risiko tinggi). Pengendalian yang ada dan rekomendasi pengendalian harus diterapkan secara komprehensif dan konsisten agar perusahaan dapat menerima nilai residual risk yang dihasilkan.
Identification of Captured Rat Species and Detection of Leptospira Bacteria: Study at the Gapura Surya Nusantara Passenger Terminal, Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya Mas Adhi Hardian Utama; Suhartono Suhartono; Budiyono Budiyono
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2: October 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023179

Abstract

Leptospirosis is transmitted through water or food contaminated by the urine of infected animals, with rats as the potential main reservoir. This research aims to describe the species and gender and analyze the presence of Leptospira bacteria in rats at the Terminal Gapura Surya Nusantara (GSN) Port in Tanjung Perak, Surabaya. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Samples were captured using traps baited with salted fish. The captured rat kidneys were tested using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) at the Vector and Disease Carrier Animal Laboratory Installation of the Center for Environmental Health and Disease Control Technology (BBTKLPP) in Surabaya. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables. The research results indicate Rattus norvegicus as the most dominant species, followed by Mus musculus and Rattus tanezumi. Out of a total of 19 captured rats, 89.5% were male, and 10.5% were female. RT-PCR testing for Leptospira bacteria in rat kidneys showed that only 3 rats (15.8%) tested positive, while 16 rats (84.2%) tested negative. Interestingly, rats identified as exposed to Leptospira bacteria were only found in the Rattus norvegicus species and were male. This highlights the potential role of species and gender in the spread of these bacteria. Increased surveillance and control measures are needed to address the issue of rats and the spread of Leptospira bacteria. The Rattus norvegicus species, particularly the males exposed to Leptospira bacteria, requires special attention. Abstrak: Leptospirosis ditularkan melalui air atau makanan terkontaminasi oleh urine hewan terinfeksi, dengan tikus sebagai potensi reservoir utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan spesies dan jenis kelamin, serta menganalisis keberadaan bakteri Leptospira pada tikus di Terminal Gapura Surya Nusantara (GSN) Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Surabaya. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif cross-sectional. Sampel diambil dengan perangkap menggunakan umpan ikan asin. Ginjal tikus yang tertangkap diuji menggunakan metode Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) di Instalasi Laboratorium Vektor dan Binatang Pembawa Penyakit Balai Besar Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Penyakit (BBTKLPP)  Surabaya. Data dianalisis menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Rattus norvegicus sebagai spesies paling dominan, diikuti oleh Mus musculus dan Rattus tanezumi. Dari total 19 tikus yang berhasil ditangkap, sebanyak 89,5% adalah jantan dan 10,5% betina. Hasil uji RT-PCR untuk bakteri Leptospira pada ginjal tikus menunjukkan hanya 3 tikus (15,8%) positif, sedangkan 16 tikus (84,2%) negatif. Menariknya, tikus yang teridentifikasi terpapar oleh bakteri Leptospira hanya ditemukan pada jenis Rattus norvegicus dan berjenis kelamin jantan. Hal ini menyoroti peran potensial spesies dan jenis kelamin dalam penyebaran bakteri tersebut. Peningkatan pengawasan dan pengendalian dibutuhkan untuk menanggulangi masalah tikus dan penyebaran bakteri Leptospira. Spesies Rattus norvegicus yang berjenis kelamin jantan, sebagai tikus yang terpapar bakteri Leptospira, memerlukan perhatian khusus.

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