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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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The Relationship between Psychological Wellbeing and Self- Care among Elderly Residents in Iraq Bashaer Mohsen Ali; Ali Kareem Al-Juboori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16813

Abstract

Aging is described as progressive change in psychological, biological and social structure of persons. Theadvanced age contributed negatively to self-care. The relocation to care homes considered as stressful eventfor the elderly people. The purpose of this study to find the relationship between psychological well-beingand self-care among the elderly residents at nursing homes in middle Euphrates in Iraq. A descriptivecorrelationaldesign was used to gather the information from the sample of 60 participants in nursing homes.The study has been carried out from November, 1st, 2019 to August, 2020. Purposive sample used to collectthe data according to some criteria. The data collected by means of Ryff scales of psychological well-being(shorten version) and self-care questionnaire as well as the socio-demographical of study sample. The datacollected by using structured interview technique with the elderly residents in nursing homes. The datacollected by means of Ryff scales of psychological well-being (shorten version) and self-care questionnaire aswell as the socio-demographical of study sample. The data collected by using structured interview techniquewith the elderly residents in nursing homes. The results of study indicate that a relationship exists betweenpsychological well-being and self-care among the elderly residents in nursing homes. As the relationshipbetween the two variables is a high significant positive relationship (r = 0.721). The recommendations focuson managing the problems existing among the elderly and monitoring their psychological state. Establishingeducational programs on how to focus on the psychological and physical aspects. In addition, increasingleisure trips to various places.
Molecular Evaluation of Efficacy of Freshwater and Marine Acellular Fish Skin Matrixes in Reconstruction of Ventro- Lateral Hernia in Bucks Bassam H. Gumaa; Ahmed H. F. AL-Bayati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16814

Abstract

The objective of present study is to compare between the effectiveness of freshwater and marine acellularfish skin (AFS) matrices on the reconstruction of large abdominal wall hernias in Iraqi bucks using ofmolecular evaluation depending on Real Time-quantification Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)technique to investigate the levels of basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and vascular endothelial growthfactor (VEGF) genes during the healing process of the abdominal wall hernias. Ventral-lateral abdominalwall hernias (7X7cm) were induced experimentally in 18 bucks. Thirty days post-inducing of hernias, theanimals were divided randomly into two main groups (9 Bucks/ group). The hernias in animals of group (A)were treated with onlay implantation of freshwater AFS sheet. While, the hernias in animals of group (B)were treated with onlay implantation of marine AFS sheet. Molecular evaluation was depended at 2, 8, and12 weeks post-treatment of hernias. The results revealed that the significant elevation of the level of b-FGFbetween treatment groups was at week 8th in group B and at week 12th in group A. While, the significantelevation of level of VEGF between treatment groups was recorded in group A, 12 week post-treatment.
Review of Fungal Infection in Human Beings and Role of COVID-19 Pandemic Batool Mutar Mahdi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16815

Abstract

Background: Fungal infections are common throughout the world. In humans, fungal infections occurwhen an invading fungus takes over an area of the body and the immune system is unable to handle it anderadicate it. Fungi can live in the air, soil, water, and plants and there are also some fungi that live naturallyin the human body.Aim of the Study: To search and review the current literature surrounding fungal infection in different partsof body and role of fungal infection during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Henari, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched using searchcriteria relating to fungal infection and relation with COVID-19 infection. Articles presenting clinical datafor patients with fungal infection and coronavirus infection reported in English only were included. Datadescribing prognosis and outcomes were extracted.Results: 1100 abstracts were identified. Five full texts reporting fungal infection were included. Analysisshowed wide use of empirical broad-spectrum antibacterials drugs in spite of evidence for bacterialcoinfection.Conclusions: Despite frequent prescription of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics in patients withcoronavirus-associated respiratory tract infections, there is a small number of data to support the associationwith respiratory fungal coinfection. Generation of prospective confirmation to support development ofantimicrobial antibiotics strategy and suitable stewardship specific for the COVID-19 pandemic is urgentlyrequired.
Deleted Bekhal Abdalwahid Amin; Niaz Mustafa Kamal; Bestun Ibrahim Hama Rahim
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

;
Combined Effect of Physical and Psychological Stress Exposure during Pregnancy on the Expression of Caspase-3 Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus Musculus Binta Dwi Novitasari; Hermanto Tri Joewono; Widjiati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16817

Abstract

Background: Prenatal stress affects fetal development including brain development. When a stressor isfelt, the brain as the main target for stress will release a hormone that stimulates the release of pro-apoptoticproteins and activate caspase-3 which acts as an executioner caspase in the cell death process. The aim of thestudy was to analyze the effect of combined stress during pregnancy on the expression of caspase-3 cerebrumand cerebellum of newborn Mus musculus. Methods: An experimental study using 24 pregnant mice (Musmusculus). Subjects were randomized into four groups, consisting of physical stress exposure group (forcedswimming) (G1), psychological stress exposure group (noise) (G2), combination stress exposure group(forced swimming + noise) (G3), and control group (G4). Stress exposure was given on 6th-15th days ofpregnancy. From each mother, three Newborn of Mus musculus were taken to make preparations from braintissue. Immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess caspase-3 expression. Results: Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellumin the physical stress exposure group is 5.70 ± 0.99 and 5.80 ± 1.35, the psychological stress exposure groupis 7.23 ± 1.39 and 7.40 ± 1.24, the combined stress exposure group is 8.67 ± 1.09 and 9.30 ± 1.12, and thecontrol group 4.17 ± 1.18 and 3.90 ± 1.06. ANOVAs statistical test results show significant differencesamong groups with a value of p = 0.000 in the cerebrum and p = 0.000 in the cerebellum. Conclusion:Exposure to physical and psychological stress during pregnancy increases the expression of caspase-3 in thecerebrum and cerebellum of newborn mice.
Case Study in Fatal Motorcycle Injury Patterns Budiatri Retno Noormaningrum; Idha Arfianti Wiraagni; Dhiwangkoro Aji Kadarmo
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16818

Abstract

Crash injury is one of the leading causes of premature death globally. In Indonesia, a motorcycle crash is themain cause of road traffic injuries. As a city with a high number of motorcycles, Yogyakarta needs the rightmitigation approach based on the local characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns ofinjury in a fatal motorcycle crash in Yogyakarta. Data were described from five dead motorcyclists that werebrought to the mortuary of Bhayangkara Hospital.
Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in University Students and its Relationship with Depression Bandana Bisht; Navdeep Kaur; Sandeep Kumar Goyal
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16819

Abstract

Introduction: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is the emerging disorder in adolescents. The most commonmotivators behind IGD is coping with stressors, escapism, control over one’s life, excitement and challenges.Aims: The current study was done with the aims: 1) To find the prevalence of IGD in university students2) To find the prevalence of depression among university students 3) To find the association of IGD withdepression among university students.Settings and Design: A descriptive research design was used to collect data from a private university.Setting of the study was food court of the selected university.Methods and Material: A total of 91 college students were recruited from a selected university. Purposivesampling method was used to collect the data. Internet Gaming Disorder addiction was checked with thehelp of DSM-5 criteria. Depression was checked with the help of PHQ-9 questionnaire.Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square was used to check the association between IGD and depression.Results: Twenty-one (23%) respondents were found to have IGD. Out of 21 respondents who had IGD,9 were having mild depression, 4 were having moderate and 3 were having severe depression. Out of 70respondents who did not suffer from IGD, 28 showed no signs of depression, 36 had mild depression andonly 6 reported moderate depression. None of them had severe depression. The results demonstrated thatinternet gaming disorder was significantly associated with depression (p<0.005).Conclusions: Majority of the respondents having IGD had also reported co-morbid depression on PHQ-9questionnaire. Thus depression needs to be identified and treated in clients suffering with Internet gamingdisorder.
Pattern of Drowning Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Khammam Pondurthi Srinivas Rao; Bharath Kumar Guntheti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16820

Abstract

The diagnosis of death by drowning is one of the hardest challenges in forensic pathology. Circumstantialfactors and physical evidence such as autopsy findings are both important in drowning.There were 68 casesof drowning deaths during one-year study period from Jan 2019 to Dec 2019, at dept of Forensic MedicineMMC&MGH, Khammam, consisting of 60 male and 8 female victims.The largest number of victims,26[38.23%] were found in the age group 31 to 40 years. Males [n=60, 88.23%] were predominantly affected.37[54.41%] cases were married, in which 32 were males (47.05%) and femaleswere 5(7.35%) and 31 casesare unmarried out of which 28[41.17%] are male and 3 females. Most of the victims were follows Hindubelief, habitat of rural. Approximately 30[44.11%]of victims come from the student unemployed group.Incidence of fresh water drowning is more than sea water drowning. The wet drowning accounted morethan dry drowning. Highest number [n=32, 47.05%] occurred inafternoonthan other timings. The incidenceof drowning was more in summer. Major fatalities occurred within one to three days of hospitalization.Accidental falls 56 [ 82.35%] were the commonly occurring incidents that leads to drowning death and mostof drowning deaths 58[ 70.58%] occurred in the lakes. Majority of victims died at the place of drowning.Most of the victims witnessed respiratory complications [55.2%]. 10.00% of the deceased were the testedpositive for alcohol, while 4[6.66%] were confirmed as drug abusers. Non swimmers were victims morethan swimmers. Decomposition changes on the body were found in 10 % cases. Externally, frothy or bloodstaineddischarge at mouth and nostrils and “washer-women” appearance on the hands and feet were thecommon postmortem findings; while internally, congestion, edema of the lungs and presence of foreignbodies in an airway, were the common findings. Out of 68 cases 62[91.17%] cases were showing positiveresults for same diatoms in bone marrow and sample water, in 45.88% cases, only sample water showedpositive results, 22.94% cases were showing no diatoms in bone marrow and sample water. The aim of thestudy is to analyzed different main objective of the study is epidemiological factors andpattern of drowning,contributing factors, and arriving diagnosis of ante mortem drowning by diatom test.
The Pattern of Physical Injuries among Victims of Fatal Accidents in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh Brinda Patel; SK Asawa
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16821

Abstract

Background: The pattern of injuries is unique to the mode of the accident as well as to the causative agent.The objective of the present study was to describe the pattern of injury among victims of a fatal accident anddraw a medicolegal conclusion from the pattern of injury. Methods: A total of 145 dead bodies brought forautopsy at the two selected post-mortemcentres were included in the present study. The socio-demographicdata like age, sex, religion, occupation as well as the circumstances leading to the death of the individualwere gathered from documents and detailed interview of the friends/relatives/eyewitnesses etc.Among studyparticipants, burns were the single largest category of accidents closely followed by road traffic accidents. Thebrain was the most common internal organ injured and the skull was the most common major bone fracturedamong the victims. One-fourth of all study participants were dead before being brought to hospital and onethirdof all study participants survived for more than 48 hours after the incident. Conclusion: Septicaemicshock and craniocerebral injury were the most common cause of death among study participants.
Demographic Characteristics as Predictors of Medicine and Health Services Access Difficulties and Economic Problems during Covid 19 in Java, Indonesia Cati Martiyana; Leny Latifah; Yusi Dwi Nurcahyani; Diah Yunitawati; Marizka Khairunnisa1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16822

Abstract

Background. The very rapid spread of COVID-19 infection, causing large-scale social restriction in manyparts of the world. A lot of businesses and working places closed. Health services and medicine were in highdemand. Objective. This study aims to determine the demographic characteristics that predict medicineand health services access difficulties and economic problems. Method. This was cross-sectional researchconducted in Java, Indonesia. The research sample was 1,385 individuals aged 15 years and over who livedin Java and had filled out a survey via a google form. Data analysis using multivariate logistic regression.Results. The risk of difficulty accessing medicine and health services and economic difficulties was higherfor males, had income < 3 million per month, and do not have health insurance. Conclusion. Male, hadlow income, and do not have health insurance are at higher risk for having difficulty accessing medicines/health services and experiencing economic difficulties. Meanwhile, respondents under 25 years of age havea higher risk of experiencing difficulties in accessing medicines and health services. The government needsto implement a strategy to reduce health and economic problems due to COVID-19 and pay attention toindividuals under 25 years of age to access health services/medicines.

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