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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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A Clinical Study of Parasitical Leishmaniasi in Al-Kut Province Bushra Qasim Dhumad Al Edhari
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17474

Abstract

leishmaniasis is a potentially intense and skin disease. individuals with leishmaniasispossess one ordifferent long lesions on the skin. We obtained the sample from the patients init at alzahra TeachingHospital, a total of 190 cases of leishmaniasis have been registered. In this study were 190 individuals.72 (38 %) females and 118 (62 %) males. The most infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis was in themale. The majority of patients were at the age of (1-15) years 63 (53.3%) in males while in females thehighest proportion 39 (54.1%). Infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis had the highest percentage inFebruary 44 (23%) when compared to other months ofinfection.Results observed for infection withcutaneous leishmaniasisin patientsuneducated had the highest percentage 116 (16%) when comparedto educated of infection.Medical reference have to be knowing the truththat chronic diseaseactivitiesproduceexpansion of the disease and riserange rate in the status that outlet to medical treatment is noteasy mostly in poorly conditions of cutaneouschronic diseaselocations.
Determinant Factors affecting Quality of Life of Children with HIV/AIDS Candra Maulana; Irwanto; Dominicus Husada
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17475

Abstract

HIV/AIDS causes physical problems, such as recurrent infections, growth disorders and malnutrition.HIV/AIDS also causes psychosocial problems, such as being shunned by friends and gettingdiscriminatory behavior. All of the problems described earlier affect children’s mental growth anddevelopment which will affect the quality of life of children with HIV/AIDS.This research is a cross sectional study, conducted at the Intermediate Care Unit of Infection Disease ofChildren Outpatient Clinic in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya and Voluntary Counselling andTesting Outpatient Clinic in Gresik General Hospital, Probolinggo General Hospital and TrenggalekGeneral Hospital in November 2019-May 2020. Data collected was descriptively, then statisticallyanalyzed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.According to bivariate analysis, factors significantly related to quality of life of children with HIV/AIDS were age, monthly caregiver income, distance between diagnosis and therapy, immunologicalstatus, nutritional status and treatment adherence. Multivariate analysis showed that age (p=0,014,Odds Ratio [OR] 18,780, confidence interval [CI] 1,810-194,844) and treatment adherence (p=0,010,OR 7,823, CI 1,631-37,516) had a significant relationship with the quality of life of children with HIV/AIDS (p <0.05).In conclusion, age, monthly caregiver income, distance between diagnosis and therapy, immunologicalstatus, nutritional status and treatment adherence are significantly related to the quality of life of childrenwith HIV/AIDS. Age and treatment adherence have the most significant relation with the quality of lifeof children with HIV/AIDS .
Study of Psychosocial Risks in the Professional Environment of Health Care Workers in Morocco Chakhtoura Khalid; Chaib Yassine; Elanssari Anas; Aboussaleh Youssef; Ahmed O.T.Ahami
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17476

Abstract

Caregivers are a particular target for psychosocial risks, including stress and burnout. Burnout is aconsequence of exposure to permanent and prolonged stress. It concerns professions with high mental,emotional and emotional demands and high responsibility such as nurses. The objective of this studywas to describe and identify psychosocial risks, occupational stress and its components in healthprofessionals. This epidemiological study involved 191 health professionals working in the provincialhospital centers of Kenitra and Sidi Slimane, Morocco. The questionnaire included: socio-demographicand occupational data; the Karasek scale (KJCQ) with its three components: psychological demand (DP),decision-making latitude (LD) and social support (SS). These three dimensions allow the identificationof risk situations. Job strain is the combination of low decision latitude and high psychological demand.The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale consists of three dimensions (emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and feeling of personal fulfillment at work). The positive diagnosis of burnout waschosen if the score exceeded the values defined in one of the three components of MBI (high for thefirst two and low for the third).
The Epistemological Aspects of Investigative Hypotheses David Petretei
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17477

Abstract

This paper is about the philosophical and epistemological aspects of investigative hypotheses.Criminal investigation is a kind of cognition, so it is important to know the basic philosophic conceptof knowledge and truth. Different schools and traditions of philosophy have given different answers tothese.One of the basic elements of investigative thinking is, in addition to being reconstructive andretrospective, thinking in hypotheses. Logical, semantic, syntactic, epistemological, and ontologicalprinciples must be taken into account when formulating hypotheses. Choosing between the hypothesesshould be based on preference and indifference criteria. These criteria of preference and indifferencewill also be logical and epistemological.Testing, validating, and rejecting hypotheses is an essential element of investigative work. Theplausibility, credibility, and accuracy of competing hypotheses are constantly changing dependingon the investigative data obtained. It is a basic principle that all hypotheses should be tested and, ifpossible, the testing should be performed in parallel.
CT Scan Finding Characteristics of Confirmed Covid-19 Patients Based on Clinical Symptom Onset Patterns Dewi Roziqo; Anita Widyoningroem; Prijambodo; Rosy Setiawati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17478

Abstract

Chest computed tomography (CT) scan is one of the main modalities to detect COVID-19 infection.Several CT scan findings are the hallmark to rapidly detect suspected COVID-19 infection, thereforetimely treatment could be administered. This study aims to describe chest CT scan findings of confirmedCOVID-19 patients based on clinical symptom onset patterns.This study is a descriptive study with a retrospective design in confirmed COVID-19 patients. Dataregarding characteristics of chest CT scan findings and the patient’s history including clinical symptomsonset were collected.There were 123 subjects in this study. The study data were categorized into modified clinical symptomonset patterns which were early, progressive, peak, absorption, and advanced phases. Most of male(57%) and female (43%) patients that were admitted to the hospital were in absorption phase of thedisease with fever, cough, and dyspnea as the most prevalent symptoms. Chest CT scan findings ofabsorption phase included GGO (ground glass opacity) in 28 patients (76%), crazy paving pattern in18 patients (49%), consolidation in 22 patients (59%), and fibrosis in 31 patients (84%). Chest CT scanfindings of confirmed COVID-19 patients vary depending on the phase of the disease. Risk factors andsecondary bacterial infection may contribute to long-term persistence of symptoms.
Isolation and Diagnosis of the Bacteria Causing Corneal Ulceration Associated With Ocular Myiasis Infection Dhuha Mahdi Jabir; Esraa Fadhel Wathah
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17479

Abstract

The current study was conducted to isolate and diagnose the bacteria that company cases ocular myiasisas complications. The bacteria were collected using a cotton swab for 30 individuals who came to theDiwaniyah Teaching Hospital due to their infection with ocularmyiasis. The swabs were cultivatedon many culture media, such as blood agar and MacConkey, and mannitol salt and EMB mediumfor diagnosis of Ecoli. The results of the culture were positive for all samples under study. Varioustypes were isolated; including rod and coccobacilli gram-negative in addition to gram-positive cocci,fermented and non-fermented mannitol species, and the identification of the species was confirmedusing the VITEK2 system, the antibiotic susceptibility test was also checked using the same test andthe results were as the following Ecoli in 5 cases, Pseudomonas spp in 4 cases, Kelbssilla pneumoniain one case, S aureus in 4 cases, S.epidermides in 5 cases in addition to many other different species.
Study the Effect of Many Medications in Ophthalmomyiasis Treatment and the Possibility of Using these Medications Instead of Mechanical Removal Dhuha Mahdi Jabir; Ghada Basil Ali Alomashi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17480

Abstract

This study was aimed to find the most suitable method to treat ophthalmomyiasis cases in Iraq, especiallyin diwanyia city. So that the study was conducted on 30 cases, where the drug xylocaine was droppedto the eye eight of them, and turpentine oil was dropped to eight others, while both anesthetics wereapplied to four of the patients, Then wait for 20 minutes and remove the larvae using forceps and bya specialist ophthalmologist .ten of patients were given ivermectin orally without any ivermectin togather can immobilize the larvae thus facilitate their removal, it also found that using ivermectin is veryeffective in the treatment and can be used for clearing eye from larvae even after mechanical removalwithout any danger from side effect.
Physical and Psychological Stressor Exposure during Pregnancy Impacts the Expression of Synapsin and Neuronal Cells Number of MUS Musculus Offspring Diana Estu Rumahastuti; Hermanto Tri Joewono; Widjiati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17482

Abstract

Introduction: Stress during gestation can lead to inappropriate fetal brain development, especiallypsychological stress. Psychological stress play pivotal role in offsprings’ brain development.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to physical andpsychological stress during pregnancy on the cerebrum in mice offspring.Method: This study was an analytical experiment study with the subject were 24 female mice Musmusculus. The sample were divided into treatment and control group. Treatment groups divided intothree conditions, 1 group was given physical stress, 1 group with psychological stress, and 1 groupwas given combination of physical and psychological stress intervention. The data were analyzed withANOVA test then followed by LSD to find the differences between all groups.Results: The ANNOVA test results showed significant differences of the expression of synapsin withp = 0.0000. The number of neuronal cells also represented significant differences with p = 0.000 on thecerebrum.Conclusion: Stress exposure during pregnancy can induce bad impacts in brain development, especiallythe expression of synapsin and the number of neuronal cells on the cerebrum in mice offspring.
Distribution of Virulence genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Different Baghdad Hospitals Dina Muthana Fahran; Basima Qasim Hasan Al-Saadi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17483

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes serious infections (pneumonia, meningitis and bacteremia) withsignificant morbidity and mortality rates. The goal of this study is to isolate and identify S. pneumoniaefrom clinical samples in Baghdad City hospitals in order to explore the presence of three virulencegenes (lytA, ply and psaA) in clinical isolates. A total of 120 separate clinical samples were obtainedfrom inpatients and outpatients with upper and lower respiratory tract infections at different hospitals inBaghdad. Twenty-five isolates of S. pneumoniae were identified by using cultural, morphological andbiochemical characteristics as well as the diagnosis by VITEK2 system. Clinical samples were includingsputum 19 isolates (76%) and urine 6 isolates (24%). The results of collected specimens showed thatmale’s percentage is highest than female’s patients, which was out of 25 isolates are 15 (60%) malesand 10 (40%) females, The results also showed that it is much more common in elderly people thanin younger people. The genomic DNA of bacterial isolates was applied in a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) to amplify certain genes. The PCR results were: Six isolates (24%) show positive results forthe presence of lytA gene. Five isolates (20%) showed positive results for the presence of ply gene.Twenty-three isolates (92%) show positive results for the presence of psaA gene. As concluded fromthe present study, that the results exhibited that the presence of the virulence genes can be consideredas a serious issue.
Prevalence of Biofilm Genotype Pattern( algD −/pslD −/pelF –) with Multidrug-Resistant in Clinical Local Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates Duraid K. AlRawi; Huda M. Mahmood
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17484

Abstract

The study was designed to explore the distribution and association of the biofilm genotype pattern(algD −/pslD −/pelF –) with multidrug-resistant in clinical local Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Atotal of one hundred isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included in this study, which has beencollected from different specimens, from July to September 2020. The isolates included were 34 fromburns, 19 from wounds, 23 from ear infections, 22 from urinary tract infections (UTI), and 2 from cysticfibrosis (CF). Identification of the isolates was carried out using microscopical, cultural characterizationon MacConkey agar, Cetrimide agar, then Pseudomonas agar. Biochemical tests were performed, andfurther identification was carried out by the VITEK_2_compact system. Genotypic identification hasbeen completed by16SrRNA. To assess the frequency of multidrug-resistant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(MDR), the antibiotic susceptibility test was done. It was carried out by using different groups ofantibiotics (10 antibiotics) using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that theresistance were Ceftazidime(62%),Gentamicin(26%,(Piperacillin-tazobactam(25%), Ticarcillin(24%),Meropenem(20%), Cefepime (18%),Amikacin(17%) Levofloxacin(16%), Colistin(15%) Imipenem(10%).Biofilm production was assessed using a microplate examination method. The results showed that 93%of isolates were positive for biofilm production, while (7%) were non-biofilm producers. There weredifferences in the rates of biofilm-production distributed into 21 (21%) were strong biofilm producer(OD was more than 2.156), 25 (25%) intermediate biofilm producer, and 47 (47%) were weak biofilmproducer (OD was less than 1.078), and the non -biofilm producer was 7(7%).Three virulence factors genes ( algD, pslD, and pelf ) were chosen, which responsible for the phenotypicpattern of biofilm formation and identified as genotypic algD −/pslD −/pelF – pattern. The differencesin genotypic pattern prevalence among the MDR-positive isolates of different origins were statisticallysignificant. Chi-square analysis showed a highly significant association between strong biofilm capacityand genotype pattern (p<0.0001), also the analysis showed a highly significant association betweenmoderate biofilm capacity and genotype pattern (p<0.002). Chi-square analysis showed a highlysignificant association between weak biofilm capacity and genotype pattern ( p<0.001).In the current study the percentage of resistance among P. aeruginosa local isolates for multiple antibiotics(MDR) was relatively low, maybe due to the combination strategies based on appropriate anti-pseudoantibioticagents that may be used to improve treatment from the related infections, according to theseresults, P. aeruginosa local isolates that produced biofilm were mostly (70%) indicated as non-MDR.

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