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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 367   368   369   370   371 
The Effect of Long Storage of Whole Blood Components on the Level of 2,3 Diphosphoglycerate and Lactic Acid in the Blood Bank, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Dwi Ajeng Roosanti; Betty Agustina Tambunan; Arifoel Hajat
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17485

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in levels of 2,3 DPG and lactic acid on WB storagetime. This research is an observational analytical with time series design was conducted at the ClinicalPathology Installation and Blood Bank Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in the period July- September 2020. Levels of 2,3 DPG and lactic acid were measured in 16 bags of Whole Bloodcomponents on the day 1, day 5, day 10, day 20 and day 30. Statistical analysis was performed usingthe Friedman test. The results were statistically significant if p <0.05. The Friedman statistical testshowed that there were significant differences in levels of 2.3 DPG (p <0.001) and levels of lacticacid (p <0.001) during storage. The results showed that the level of 2,3 DPG in WB which was storeddecreased according to the duration of storage. The yield of lactic acid on stored WB increased withthe duration of storage. Therefore, saving WB is recommended to be given within <6 days to reducethe risk of acidosis. Further research is needed for other parameters that can affect the storage process.
The Effect of Practical Exercises for the Technique of Ballistic Training to Develop Some Functional Capabilities of the Goalkeepers of the National Youth Football Team) Ehab Mohammed Farhan; Abdulwahhab Ghazi Hammoodi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17486

Abstract

The importance of the research lies by recognizing the importance of using the Ballistic training method,which is one of the important methods in explosive strength training and the characteristic force withspeed, and this method works by overcoming other traditional strength training such as weight lifting,and overcoming the shortage in speed as a result of these exercises in a position, a set of specialexercises for this method to train goalkeepers for the youth national football team, and the researcherdecided to tackle the problem according to the following question:The question? ... Do special exercises prepared by the researcher using the method of Ballistic trainingcontribute to raising the level of development of some functional abilities of the individuals of a researchspecimen...?The answer to this question is through the results that the researcher will obtain for all field proceduresthat he will prepare and implement on the research specimen, and the research aims to develop a setof applied exercises for the method of Ballistic training to develop some functional abilities of theindividuals of the research sample, as well as to identify the rate of development Also, as for theimposition of the research, there were statistically significant differences between the results of the preand post tests for the values of some functional abilities and in favor of the results of the post tests of theindividuals of the research sample, and the researcher used the experimental method in a comparativemethod for one group, and the research specimen consisted of four Goalkeepers for the Iraqi nationalyouth football team, and then the sample was tested with pre-tests of functional capabilities, after whichthe special applied exercises according to the Ballistic method were applied to the members of theresearch specimen, as the duration of their application lasted eight weeks with three training units perweek, after which Post-tests were conducted on them, and the statistical application Statistical Packagefor the Social Science (SPSS) was used to obtain and discuss the results of tests of the goalkeepers.The special applied exercises according to the Ballistic method have a positive effect on the functionalcapabilities of the goalkeepers. The recommendations, the use of the Ballistic training method in thegoalkeeper’s position was emphasized because of its clear importance in the development and upgradingof the career capabilities of the goalkeepers in football.
Analysis of Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Parameters of Liquid Effluents from the Provincial Hospital Center in Sidi Kacem Morocco Elouakfaoui Aziz; Mahjoub Aouane; Rouani Abdeljabbar; Berrid nabyl
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17487

Abstract

Background: The effluents generated by the hospital activities and which are rejected into themunicipal sewerage system without any prior treatment, present a chemical, biological and physicalrisk for public and environmental health. They cause a degradation of the aquatic ecosystem, and favorthe propagation of antibiotic resistant germs. Objective: The aim of this study is to carry out physicochemicaland bacteriological analysis of the effluents of the provincial hospital of Sidi Kacem in Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region, Morocco, in order to evaluate the degree of wastewater pollution and to reduce itsenvironmental impact.Methods: 24 samples of wastewater were collected from the Hospital’s main sewer according toMoroccan Norm NM 03.7.059 and transported to the Provincial Laboratory of Epidemiology andEnvironmental Health (LPEHM) for analysis. These analyses were conducted according to therequirements and methods recommended by Rodier 1996 and 2009.Results: The results of the bacteriological analysis showed a very high bacterial load of fecal coliforms(36,7.104 CFU/100 ml), total coliforms (40.104 CFU/100 ml), and fecal streptococci (21.104 CFU/100ml). The physicochemical parameters revealed a significant load of organic and mineral matter expressedin terms of nitrates (41,59 mg/l), nitrites (0,53 mg/l), sulphates (222,75 mg/l), ammonia (1,95 mg/l),electrical conductivity (3202 μs/cm), hydrogen potential PH (7.82), all of which are well above theupper limit stipulated by the regulations. The COD/BOD5 ratio (7.66) higher than 3 means that theseeffluents are hardly biodegradable.Conclusion: These results show that hospital effluent is loaded with mineral, organic and bacteriologicalpollutants and requires
Microbiological Study of Surfaces in the Hospital Environment Case of the Provincial Hospital of Sidi Kacem, Morocco Elouakfaoui Aziz; Mahjoub aouane; Rouani Abdeljabbar; Berrid Nabyl
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17488

Abstract

Background: The hospital environment is largely colonized by pathogenic microorganisms. this contamination varies qualitatively and quantitatively according to the services and the capacity of the microorganisms to survive in inert environments, the elimination of these microorganisms requires a well formed staff and well detailed protocols which meet the international requirements. The microbiological monitoring of the hospital surfaces is a key factor to prevent nosocomial infections, it allows us to elaborate a diagnosis of the microbial ecology in order to lead preventive and corrective actions. Objective: The aim of our study is to identify the present bacteria on the surfaces of the provincial hospital of Sidi Kacem in Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region, Morocco, in order to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections.Methods: 167 samples were taken from different sites in the hospital wards, using the swabbing technique, according to ISO/DIS 14698-1, the identification of the isolated germs has been realized by the classical biochemical gallery and the API (Biomerieux, France).Results: A total of ten (10) bacterial species were isolated with a predominance of Bacillus sp (27%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (29%), Staphylococcus aureus (18%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13%) followed. Thirteen (13) samples were a negative culture with a positivity rate of 92%. The distribution of isolated strains by department shows a predominance of bacterial strains in the intensive care unit (19%) and the emergency department (17%).Conclusion: These results show the importance of developing a risk management approach based on cleaning and disinfection protocols and procedures, as well as training and awareness programmers.
Predicting Pandemic Curve Distribution Using Statistical Models Eman Almuhur; Mona Khandaqji; Manal Al-labadi; Anwar Alboustanji
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17489

Abstract

This article discusses the distribution of pandemic in the world and pandemic curve in Jordan and how the science of probability and statistics predict when active cases tend to zero by determining the shape of epidemic curve and relating it to a special probability distribution that has specific measures and properties. At the beginning of the outbreak of any virus in a society, reliable data describing it and its spread will be rare, hence researchers set up statistical models that have the ability to predict the spreads’ shape, where the prospected people hosting such viruses will go to and the likelihood of transmitting it to places they travel. Those models use known statistical measures that estimate the probability of disease transmission from infected people to others. In addition, the factors related to roads and people’s movement, taking into consideration, public health interventions, such as wearing masks, closing places of people’s aggregations like schools, universities mosques and churches and quarantine make difference in numbers of infected people. The fundamental differences between the “Spanish flu” that attacked the world a hundred years ago and “Coronavirus” the world facing since the beginning of the current year 2020 is the amount of huge data concluded from scientific studies and reports related to virology and epidemiology.
Steeping Tin Leaves (Ficus carica) Improves Sperm Quality of Male Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed to Lead Acetate Emi Kusumawardani; Budi Santoso; Widjiati; Hari Basuki Notobroto; Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17490

Abstract

Introduction: Lead can induce lipid oxidation in cell membrans, thus forming free radicals. The process of imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants will disrupt the normal function of cells, causing cell death and decreased sperm quality. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explain the mechanism of steeping tin leaves (Ficus carica) increase sperm quality in male mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate. Methods: This type of research was true experimental design with posttest only control group design with the number of replications of 10 male mice, the experimental unit will be distributed proportionally to 5 groups. Steeping tin leaves will be given with a dose of Pb + Tin Leaf 1.664 mg (P1) and Pb + Tin Leaf 3.328 mg (P2), while for lead acetate dose 0.5 mg and quercetin dose 0.7 mg. The analyzed variables included spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa morphology, and spermatozoa concentration. Data analysis was conducted including the Shapiro-Wilks normality test, and the homogeneity test used the Levene test. If the data were not homogeneous, the group average test would use the Brown-Forsythe test, then continued with a different test for each group using the Post Hoc Games-Howell test. If the Levene test data were homogeneous, the group average test would use Oneway Anova. Findings: The results showed that giving of steeping tin leaves with a dose of Pb + Tin leaves 3.328 mg (P2) is able to increase spermatozoa motility and spermatozoa morphology. Conclusion: The steeping tin leaves increase sperm quality
Causes of Post Surgery Disputes between Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons with Patients Endang Sri Sarastri; Liliana Tedjosaputro; M.C. Inge Hartini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17492

Abstract

Advances in science and technology and the ability, skills, and soul of the art of Plastic Reconstructiveand Aesthetic Surgeons can change human organs according to the patient’s wishes to improve one’sappearance to become more beautiful or handsome. Aesthetic plastic surgery is not performed totreat physical disabilities, in contrast to reconstructive plastic surgery, which aims to treat physicaldisabilities. However, misunderstandings or failures can occur because Plastic Reconstructive andAesthetic Surgeons are also human, so it does not give satisfaction to the results expected by the patient.Not infrequently, the misunderstanding peaked, resulting in a dispute between the doctor of PlasticReconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons with the patient. This research method is normative juridicalresearch empirical. The research specification in this study is descriptive-analytical. Research conductedusing secondary data sources that include primary legal materials in norms, basic rules, laws, andregulations. The results of this study explain that Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons shouldnot give an appointment or guarantee success on the surgical efforts that have been done because thereare other factors beyond their power as a doctor. The doctor should explain the risks and complicationsthat may occur. In addition, before surgery, it is recommended that a complete agreement be madewith the patient, and the patient understands and understands the risks or possibilities that can occurpostoperatively in the future. The doctor and patient agreement are made in full and detailed in writtenform before medical action is carried out by involving a notary public to ensure legal certainty, fairness,and benefit.
Evaluation of Biomarkers in Workers Exposed to Air Pollutants in Oil Refineries Esraa H. mohammed; Adel M. Rabee
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17494

Abstract

Air pollution is nowadays a complex problem due to industrial prosperity. Among the chemical industry,oil refineries have been identified as major emitters of a wide range of pollutants, the workers of the oilrefinery are exposed to a great variety of toxic compounds. Air pollution is the main environmental causeof human disease and death. Therefore, it is necessary to develop early warning signals or biomarkersthat convincingly reflect adverse biological responses towards anthropogenic environmental toxinseven at minute concentrations. This work aims to study the effects of exposure to the air pollution of oilrefinery, on the parameter blood, TNF-a, antioxidant glutathione peroxidase(GPx), and oxidative stressmalondialdehyde (MDA), in workers of the oil refinery. Results showed that exposure to air pollutionin the oil refinery lead to( a significant increase in levels Hb, WBC, Lymphocyte, TNF-a, and MDA,decrease levels of GPx) P<0.05. And non –significant in( RBC, HCT, Neutrophils ) P>0.05 in workers,compared to healthy control.
Extraction and Purification of Resveratrol from Grape Waste Esraa Shanan Jabbar Al-Jubouri; Wedad Fadhil Abas; Azhar Jawad Al- Mousawi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17495

Abstract

The current study aimed to extract and purify the phenolic compound Resveratrol from dried blackgrape residues, Vitis vinifera, which were purchased from the local market in Iraq. Resveratrol wasextracted from sun-dried grape residues with 2.5 liters of 80% ethanol. Then the compound resveratrolwas concentrated using a rotary evaporator and dried in very high freezing conditions after beingfiltered with animal charcoal. A partially purified material was obtained after a column chromatographyprocess, where 9 grams were obtained for every 600 grams of grape residues as a result of these steps.Chemical tests were conducted to detect resveratrol, and they included: general tests for polyphenols,detection of unsaturated cyclic compounds, high-efficiency liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.The results showed the appearance of two peaks at a wavelength of 280 nm for the compound resveratrolextracted from grape residues, where the time of its appearance was at 4.267 /min compared with thestandard compound resveratrol which was at 4.356 /min. The concentration of the resveratrol extractwas 107.6 ppm. The total antioxidant activity of resveratrol extracted from grape residues and thestandard compound resveratrol was estimated. The total antioxidant activity of resveratrol extractedfrom grape residues was 71.14%, while it was 62.21% for the standard compound resveratrol. Theresults showed that the resveratrol compound extracted from grape residues was purified in the darkto prevent the conversion of resveratrol from trans to cis. The study also shed light on the quantities ofresveratrol contained in grape residues, and this depends on the extraction steps as well as the purposeof its applications.
A Comparative Study on the Diagnostic Value of Conventional Spin Echo Proton Density and Fast Spin Echo Proton Density Sequences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Meniscal Tear Farhad Nalaini; Mahdi Mohammadi; Somayeh Mahdavikian; Nazanin Farshchian
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17496

Abstract

Background & Objectives: Knee is the largest synovial joint in the body. Although FSE PD (fastspin echo proton density) imaging technique for the diagnosis of meniscal tear has replaced CSE PD(conventional spin echo proton density) technique in many MRI centers, several studies have questionedthe effectiveness of FSE PD technique in diagnosis of meniscal tear. In this study, the diagnostic valuesof CSE PD and FSE PD techniques in evaluation of meniscus tear are compared.Materials: In this study, using CSE PD and FSE PD techniques, MRI was performed on 67 knees ofpatients with suspected meniscal tear referring to the MRI Center of Imam Reza Hospital (Kermanshah,Iran). Diagnostic arthroscopy was also performed for all patients. The data were entered SPSS version20, and finally the results of MRI reports of the two techniques were compared in evaluation of meniscaltear taking into account the arthroscopic findings as the gold standard.Results: According to the results of this study, no significant difference was found in specificity andpositive predictive value of the two techniques. However, the sensitivity and negative predictive valueswere significantly different, in such a way that the related values were 97% and 97% in the CSE PDtechnique and 69% and 73% in the FSE PD technique, respectively.Conclusion: Due to low sensitivity and high false negative results, MRI using FSE PD technique is notrecommended as an alternative for CSE PD technique in evaluation of meniscal tear.

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