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JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE
Published by Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26559080     EISSN : 26858878     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30743/
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Journal of Language (JoL) is an open access and a peer reviewed scientific journal covering research reports in linguistics, literature or language teaching, and critical evaluations of books on the related areas published by Faculty of Literature, Islamic University of North Sumatra (UISU), Medan, Indonesia. The main objective of JoL is to provide a platform for scholars, academicians and researchers to share the contemporary thoughts mainly in the fields of language, literature, and language teaching. This journal is published twice a year in May and November.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Sastra dan Teori Sastra
Articles 247 Documents
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INHERITED SHAME AND IDENTITY FRAGMENTATION IN KENZABURŌ ŌE’S THE SILENT CRY: A FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH Zainasti, Zaimilatun Nuri; Pawiro, Muhammad Ali; Ezir, Ely
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.11779

Abstract

This article examines the psychological disintegration of Takashi, the central character in Kenzaburō Ōe’s The Silent Cry, through the lens of Freudian psychoanalysis. Drawing on Sigmund Freud’s structural theory of the psyche—particularly the dynamics of the id, ego, and superego—this study explores how identity crisis, generational trauma, and defense mechanisms shape Takashi’s internal conflict and destructive behavior. The analysis reveals that Takashi’s revolutionary actions are not driven by coherent political ideology, but by inherited shame, repressed grief, and the failure of ego mediation. His descent into violence and mania is interpreted as a symbolic enactment of psychological collapse, wherein inherited guilt and unresolved trauma override rationality and self-regulation. The superego, as portrayed in the novel, functions not only as a moral compass but as a punitive legacy passed through family and cultural memory. This study also highlights the interplay of defense mechanisms—such as projection, rationalization, denial, and sublimation—that ultimately fail to contain his psychic distress. By interpreting The Silent Cry as a narrative of personal and national trauma, this paper demonstrates how literature can serve as a site for exploring deep psychological wounds, especially those stemming from unspoken histories and familial burden.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SELF-JUSTIFICATION OF CRUEL ACTS IN AGATHA CHRISTIE’S NOVEL AND THEN THERE WERE NONE Nasution, Cherry Adistya; Wulan, Sri
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.11978

Abstract

The study analyzes Judge Wargrave’s psychological mechanisms of self-justification in Agatha Christie’s And Then There Were None. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the analysis identifies Wargrave’s self-justification, defense mechanisms, and manipulative behaviors as strategies to rationalize his cruelty. His sadistic obsession and obsessive ambition reveal the complexity of moral reasoning behind his actions. The study contributes to understanding human rationalization of unethical behavior through a literary-psychological lens.The analysis was carried out by categorizing some information into two themes of diccussion. The first theme is the protagonist’s three actions to justify his cruel act: self-justification, self-defense mechanisms, and manipulation. Then, the second theme is the protagonist’s two reasons to do cruel act: sadistic obsession and insane ambition. The results of this study indicate that Judge Wargrave uses various psychological mechanisms to justify his cruel actions. By looking at the psychological and literary context, this research provides an understanding of human nature and behavior, which shows the psychological complexity of the protagonist to uphold justice in an unethical way.
UNMASKING THE ANTAGONIST: A PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOPATHY IN JAMES PATTERSON’S FEAR NO EVIL Barus, Efendi; Wardana, Fitra Andira; Purwarno, Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12040

Abstract

This study explores the psychological dimensions of antagonism in James Patterson’s novel Fear No Evil, focusing on the construction of the antagonist Matthew Butler as a psychopath. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach and drawing upon Robert Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), the analysis identifies how Butler exhibits core psychopathic traits such as lack of empathy, manipulativeness, impulsivity, and emotional shallowness. Data were collected through close reading and textual analysis, emphasizing the antagonist’s actions, dialogue, and interactions with other characters. The findings reveal that Butler’s characterization is deeply rooted in psychopathic tendencies that serve not only as a narrative device but also as a reflection of broader psychological realities in crime fiction. By integrating psychological theory with literary analysis, this research contributes to the field of literary psychology, offering insights into how contemporary thrillers represent mental disorders and how antagonistic characters function to intensify narrative conflict. The study further underscores the significance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding the intersection of literature, psychology, and criminology, particularly in examining how fictional psychopaths are constructed in popular culture.
SOCIAL AWARENESS IN PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S NOVEL THIS EARTH OF MANKIND Nadila, Nurul; Sahri, Zulfan
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.11998

Abstract

This study examines the representation of social awareness in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel This Earth of Mankind, using Sheldon’s framework. Through qualitative descriptive analysis, the study identifies three dimensions of social awareness—cognition, social environment, and goals and motives—reflected in the characters of Minke, Nyai Ontosoroh, and Tuan de la Croix. The findings highlight Pramoedya’s critique of colonial social hierarchies and the awakening of native consciousness. Twelve data were collected to support the statement about social awareness and its aspects found in the novel. The results of this study are that there are three aspects of social awareness found in the novel This Earth of Humanity, namely cognition, social environment, and goals and motives. The cognition can be seen through Minke’s character, which is displayed through his disbelief in Astrology and superstition, his good process of absorbing information, and his way of thinking critically about the problems of the indigenous people. The social environment can be seen through social awareness of the backwardness of natives’ behavior and social awareness of native status towards Europeans. Goals and motives can be seen through the goals of Minke and Tuan de la Croix, who wanted to make the natives more advanced and developed, and Nyai Ontosoroh's goals for Annelies.
THE PROTAGONIST’S EXPECTATION IN DEWI LESTARI’S PAPER BOAT Ain, Qurratul; Sahri, Zulfan
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.11999

Abstract

Expectation is a positive mental state about the ability to achieve future goals. The Paper Boat novel by Dewi Lestari is one of the literary works that has a positive attitude about expectation. This thesis aims to identify the expectations of the protagonist and how the protagonist achieves her expectations in the Paper Boat novel by Dewi. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method to process and analyze the data. This study explores the way of life and life lessons for a better life goal. The results of this study indicate the expectations of the protagonist pertaining to becoming a writer, making a work, namely a fairy tale book, which includes the hard work and patience seen in the protagonist Kugy, and marrying the person she loves. As for the dominant expectation is the protagonist who really wants to be a writer, because of the optimistic attitude contained in the protagonist, all her expectations come true.
OPTIMISM VALUES IN RACHAEL LIPPINCOTT'S FIVE FEET APART Ananda, Syafna; Manugeren, M
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12003

Abstract

This study, entitled Protagonist’s Optimism Values in Rachael Lippincott’s Five Feet Apart, aims to analyze the optimism values reflected through the main character, Stella Grant, using a qualitative descriptive method. The analysis focuses on how Stella’s behavior demonstrates optimism as she faces the challenges of living with cystic fibrosis. Despite her illness, Stella remains positive, adheres to her medical treatments, and strives not to burden her parents with grief. Her encounter with Will Newman—a more pessimistic patient—further shapes her understanding of life, resilience, and self-compassion. The study applies Snyder’s framework of optimism as cited in Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence, identifying five core optimism values: having expectations for recovery, persistence, self-motivation, self-confidence, and resilience. The findings reveal that Stella most strongly embodies the values of maintaining high expectations for recovery and demonstrating high self-confidence. These aspects underline the novel’s central message of hope, perseverance, and emotional strength in the face of suffering.
MOOD AND MODALITY IN JAMES RICE’S NOVEL ALICE AND THE FLY Aini, Suci Angger; Siwi, Purwanto
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12000

Abstract

This study analyzes the realization of mood and modality in Detective Sergeant Terrence’s dialogues using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework. This study aims to analyze mood structure, mood types, and modality contained in detective Sergent Terrence. Alice and the Fly novel by James Rice is about Greg who has Schizophrenia. He falls in love and becomes obsessed. He killed the girl he liked. So detective Sergent Terrence must find out what really happened to him. The data used in this study were from the Alice and the Fly novel by James Rice. This study was written using a descriptive qualitative method. The steps to analyze the data were starting from specifying the data based on the categories that I would analyze. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the detective uses the mood structure of a finite subject when he communicates with the five characters. Then the use of the interrogative shows the detective wants to know more information about the murder case rather than stating or ordering something. In modality analysis through the use of a modal finite operator and mood adjunct, the results show that the detective tends to use a modal finite operator with low value.
PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH CUISINE: SYMBOLIC MEANINGS OF NASI HADAP-HADAPAN IN MALAY WEDDINGS IN TANJUNG BALAI Lubis, Suci Ramadhani; Purwarno, Purwarno; Sahri, Zulfan; Suhendi, Andang
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12037

Abstract

Food plays a pivotal role in the construction of cultural identity and the preservation of intangible heritage across societies. This study explores the symbolic meanings embedded in the Nasi Hadap-Hadapan tradition, a central element in Malay wedding rituals in Tanjung Balai, North Sumatra. The practice of Nasi Hadap-Hadapan—a ceremonial meal shared by the bride, groom, and their families—represents not only a social gathering but also a transmission of philosophical values and cultural wisdom. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through interviews with cultural practitioners, community elders, and government officials, complemented by participant observation. The findings reveal that each component of the food—such as rice, ayam masak bulat (whole chicken), assorted cakes, sweets, and vegetables—carries symbolic meanings that reflect prosperity, harmony, perseverance, and readiness for married life. Despite its deep cultural significance, the tradition is increasingly perceived as a form of entertainment rather than a sacred practice, largely due to modernization and diminishing intergenerational knowledge. This article argues that revitalizing and contextualizing Nasi Hadap-Hadapan is essential for safeguarding Malay intangible heritage while reinforcing social cohesion in multicultural Indonesia.
NAVIGATING HUMAN RESILIENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LIFE STRUGGLES IN DANIELLE STEEL’S ZOYA Puspita, Nana Dewi; Pratiwy, Devi; Pardi, Pardi
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.11777

Abstract

This study explores the multidimensional nature of human resilience as portrayed in Danielle Steel’s novel Zoya, focusing on the protagonist’s psychological and sociological transformation amid historical upheaval. Employing Braun and Isaac’s (1979) tripartite model of life struggle—conflict with self, others, and the environment—and integrating Maslow’s (1970) hierarchy of needs alongside Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the research analyzes how Zoya navigates personal trauma, intergenerational tension, and socio-political displacement. Set against the backdrop of the Russian Revolution and global migrations of the 20th century, Zoya’s journey from aristocratic exile to self-reliant immigrant underscores the interplay of intrinsic motivation—such as identity reconstruction and emotional autonomy—and extrinsic forces like war, poverty, and social change. Through qualitative literary analysis, the study uncovers how Zoya redefines dignity, agency, and meaning across shifting cultural landscapes. The findings suggest that Steel’s narrative transcends conventional romance, offering a compelling literary case study of adaptive resilience. By merging literary analysis with psychological and sociological theory, this article contributes to broader interdisciplinary discourses on trauma, survival, and the evolving female bildungsroman. Zoya’s evolution serves not only as a fictional reflection of resilience but also as a universal narrative of human tenacity amid crisis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS BETWEEN KEY CHARACTERS IN GILLIAN FLYNN’S GONE GIRL Amalia, Suci; Barus, Efendi; Pawiro, Muhammad Ali
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12258

Abstract

Gone Girl, a novel by Gillian Flynn, explores the intense psychological and emotional conflict between a married couple, Amy and Nick Dunne. Amy desires love and loyalty but is devastated by Nick’s betrayal. Meanwhile, Nick, who is obsessed with emulating his father, fails to express love to Amy and instead engages in an affair, leading to suspicion when Amy suddenly disappears. Amy’s uncontrollable ego drives her to fake her own death and frame Nick for murder as a form of social punishment. The story unfolds through public suspicion, legal investigation, and emotional turmoil. This study applies Cascio’s theory of conflict to examine the types and dynamics of internal and external conflicts experienced by the main characters. The study also aims to identify the negative impacts resulting from these conflicts. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research analyzes how internal conflict (man versus self) and external conflict (man versus man, society, and fate) shape the narrative. Amy’s psychological need for validation and her manipulative actions lead her to deep guilt and emotional suffering. Nick, on the other hand, experiences social rejection, emotional stress, and job loss after being falsely accused. These conflicts result in significant behavioral changes and deteriorating mental, physical, and social well-being. The novel reveals how unresolved personal and relational conflicts can escalate into destructive outcomes.

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