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Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 27211827     EISSN : 27211835     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26858/interference
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Education Social Sciences
INTERFERENCE focuses on the publication of research articles which conduct languages as the main object. This articles that contribute to the strengthening of critical approaches, increasing the quality of critique, or encouragement of innovative methodologies. Topics include: Language Learning and Teaching (Applied Linguistics) Linguistics ( Micro and Macro Linguistics) Literature (Comparative Literature, Foreign Languge Literature)
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 114 Documents
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Translation of Kompositum of German Legal Texts Into Indonesian: A Comparative Analysis Between Google Translate And DeepL Uryadi, Uryadi; Agustin, Rina; Rachma, Azka Adilya
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.70473

Abstract

Abstract. This study examines the translation of kompositum (compound words) in German legal texts into Indonesian through a qualitative comparative analysis of two machine translation tools: Google Translate and DeepL. The analysis is conducted based on three key criteria: accuracy, acceptability, and readability. Selected legal texts containing complex kompositum, such as "ärztliche Bescheinigung für Jugendliche” and “Berufsausbildungsvertrag”, are analyzed to evaluate the performance of each tool in conveying meaning, contextual appropriateness, and linguistic fluency. The findings reveal that both tools demonstrate a high level of accuracy in translating legal kompositum, but DeepL consistently outperforms Google Translate in terms of acceptability and readability, producing more natural and contextually appropriate translations. Google Translate, while accurate, occasionally results in translations that are less fluent and less acceptable in formal contexts. These findings highlight the strengths and limitations of each tool, providing valuable insights for translators and researchers working with German- Indonesian legal texts. Keywords: Kompositum, German legal texts, machine translation, Google Translate, DeepL, accuracy, acceptability, readability, comparative analysis, German-Indonesian translation
Improving Arabic Listening Skills Through Audio Visual (Animated Video) for Students Selfiani, Astria; Hasmawati, Hasmawati
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.65633

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to improve the Arabic listening skills of seventh-grade students at SMP IT Ar Rahmah Makassar through the use of audio visual (animated videos). This research is a classroom action research that consists of two cycles, with each cycle comprising the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study are 32 seventh-grade students. The research data consists of qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data is obtained from the observation results of teachers and students. Quantitative data is obtained through Arabic listening skill tests at the end of cycles I and II. The average listening skill score obtained by students in cycle I was 71.25, and in cycle II, the average score was 91.87. The improvement in listening skills from cycle I to cycle II was 20.62. This indicates that the Arabic listening skills of seventh-grade students at SMP IT Ar Rahmah Makassar improved with the use of audio visual media (animated videos). Keywords: Listening Skills, Animated Videos, Arabic Language
Exoticism in “Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone” and “Archipelagos: Wizarding School in Nusantara” Fazrin, Okti Winarti Aulia; Nurholis, Nurholis; Priyawan, Pepen
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.71023

Abstract

Abstract. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how exoticism in fantasy literature is shaped by cultural backgrounds and the use of magical elements. . A comparative qualitative approach is used due to the use of narrative analysis in this study and is necessary to determine the similarities of the study objects. This study analyzes elements such as objects, characters, dialogues or narratives, and rituals or customs collected from both novels as primary data sources. The finding shows the distinct cultural background to build the exoticism. Harry Potter draws extensively from Western and Europe traditions, folklore, myths, and Greek mythology, applying these to create its magical world. In contrast, Archipelagos adopts Asian culture, particularly Indonesian traditions, to enhance the exoticism of its story. The magical elements in this novel are deeply connected to human relationships with nature and animistic beliefs that are central to Indonesian culture. Voldemort and Berong are cultural villain conceptions that have a strong basis in their respective mythologies. The different cultural influences in each novel appear in these differences.   The research demonstrates that the cultural context is important in the development of exoticism in fantasy literature Keywords: exoticism, comparative analysis, fantasy, harry potter, magical element, novel
The Flipped Classroom Model in German for Hospitality: A Classroom Action Research in The FB Service Study Program Susianti, Hartanti Woro; Sutama, I Made; Dewantara, I Putu Mas; Wirahyuni, Kadek
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.68014

Abstract

Abstract. German language learning at Bali Tourism Polytechnic (BiTP), particularly in reading skills, often faces challenges in effectiveness and student engagement. Students tend to passively receive material in class and lack motivation to develop reading skills independently. This study aims to improve German reading skills and foster independent learning motivation through the Flipped Classroom model. Using Classroom Action Research (CAR), the study examines the model’s application in teaching "Deutsch im Restaurant," focusing on reading skills. Research instruments include participatory observation, reading tests, motivation questionnaires, and lecturer reflection notes. Conducted in 5th-semester Food and Beverage Service classes, the study followed Poltekpar Bali’s daily schedule. The approach allows students to study materials at home via readings and videos, maximizing class time for discussions and deeper comprehension. The results demonstrate that the Flipped Classroom model is effective in improving German reading skills, with significant enhancements in text comprehension and active student participation. The implementation of this method also successfully increased students' independent learning motivation. The global implication of this research is the potential for the Flipped Classroom model to be adapted in other foreign language learning contexts, particularly in enhancing reading skills and self-directed learning across various educational institutions. However, the application of the Flipped Classroom model also presents challenges, such as varying levels of independent learning abilities among students. Therefore, lecturers need to prepare materials thoroughly and provide clear guidance to ensure all students can optimally benefit from this method. Keywords: Deutsch im Restaurant, Flipped Classroom, Reading Skills
Analyzing Speech Acts in School Communication: A Study of Abbott Elementary Series Sanjaya, Paschalis Kurniawan; Lumintang, Sheline Feranda; Ena, F.X. Ouda Teda
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.69559

Abstract

Abstract. To understand how individuals convey meaning or information, manage relationships with others, and navigate power dynamics in communication, one needs to know the meaning and types of speech acts especially. This study aims to analyze school communication in the Abbott Elementary series through the lens of speech act theory, focusing on how different types of illocutionary acts are used to shape classroom interactions. This research provides a novel contribution to the linguistic field by analyzing speech acts specifically in the educational setting. This study uses a qualitative approach to explore communication dynamics by using discourse analysis to identify and categorize the illocutionary acts present in the three episodes in the first series to answer the first problem. Then, the data obtained will also be calculated and analyzed to answer the second research question, namely the type of speech acts that appear most often. As a result, this study found that the series includes all five types of speech acts in its communication, and the representative type has the highest intensity of occurrence in the three episodes of the first series that was studied. This finding can provide valuable insight into the role of language, especially in the educational environment Keywords: Abbott Elementary, School Communication, Speech Act
The Attitude and Translation Techniques on Public Sign Sipayung, Kammer Tuahman; Silitonga, Harpen; Pasaribu, Yessi Octaviana; Ndraha, Libertini Priskila
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.70225

Abstract

Abstract. Public signs play a crucial role in the reader because they invite various issues from across cultures. Some research aims of this study try to describe the attitude (affect, judgment, and appreciation) in the source text and target text and translation techniques used by translators in translating public signs. This research is categorized as qualitative research type, to achieve the first aim the researcher applies the SFL approach. The data of this study is a pair of translations (public signs) in the form of phrases and clauses. The instruments used in this study are a camera (mobile phone) and an observation sheet. The researchers apply the theory of appraisal (Martin & White, 2005) and translation techniques (Molina and Albir, 2012). The total data for this study are 34 pairs of translations. The major result showed that, 1) the attitudinal in the source text (affect:7,40%, judgment: 59.2%, appreciation: 33.33% ) however, in the target text (affect:7.1%, judgment: 50%, appreciation:42.8%) 2) the translation techniques (literal translation: 68.75%, Reduction: 12.5%, Amplification: 9.3% and modulation: 9.3%). As the implication of this study, a shift can be occured to keep the better attitude from ST to TT. Keywords: Attitude, Translation techniques, Public sign
Illocutionary Speech Acts of Cristiano Ronaldo and Their Influence on His Personality in Football Abdullah, Muhammad Usamah Syamil; Ruminda, Ruminda; Yatmikasari, Ika
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 1 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i1.71022

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose of this research is to examine Cristiano Ronaldo's illocutionary speech acts and how they affect his personality in the context of football. The study uses a descriptive qualitative methodology to analyze transcripts of ten interviews and podcasts covering Ronaldo's career, from his early days at Manchester United to his most recent appearances. The analysis employs Searle's (1969) classification of illocutionary acts—representatives, directives, commissives, declarative, and expressive—alongside Sperber and Wilson's (1996) Relevance Theory and McCrae's (1999) Five-Factor Personality Model. The results show that Cristiano Ronaldo used 242 illocutionary speech acts, with 104 representative speech acts accounting for 43% of the total. These acts expressed declarative statements about his abilities and self-confidence, followed by 55 expressives (23%), 40 commissives (16%), 36 directives (15%), and 7 declaratives (3%). These patterns reflect key personality traits: high Openness (articulating beliefs candidly), Conscientiousness (goal-oriented commitments), extraversion (emotional engagement with audiences), moderate Agreeableness (collaborative directives), and low Neuroticism (stable emotional expressions). The study concludes that Cristiano Ronaldo's strategic use of speech acts not only shapes his public persona as a disciplined and inspirational figure but also corresponds to the psychological characteristics that support his professional success and cultural influence. This integration of pragmatic and psycholinguistic frameworks provides new insights into how linguistic behaviour reflects and reinforces personality in high-stakes situations. Keywords: Cristiano Ronaldo; interviews; illocutionary acts; personality traits; psycho-pragmatics
Revealing Story Messages Through Symbols in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies Maharani, Vincentia Deswita Mayke; Prabandari, Carla Sih; Herawati, Henny
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 2 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i2.76102

Abstract

Abstract. Literary works, such as novels, are a means used to express human experiences, thoughts, and feelings. William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies is one of the works frequently discussed for its use of symbolism in conveying meanings. Understanding symbolism in literature can enhance readers’ ability to interpret the deeper messages embedded in a story. Often, these messages are not explicitly stated, but must be uncovered as the story unfolds. This study aims to answer two research questions: (1) “What symbols are found in the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding?” and (2) “What do they symbolize?” This qualitative study employs a formalist critical approach,  focusing on the form and structure of the story itself, without reference to external aspects. Close textual analysis method is used, supported by Stanton’s (1965) theory of symbols for classification and Nurgiyantoro’s (2015) theory of meaning to interpret implicit messages. The study identifies nineteen symbols in the novel, namely palm trees, the conch shell, Piggy’s glasses, the fire, the beast, the mask, Lord of the Flies, Jack’s knife, the scar, Ralph, Jack, the littluns, Roger, Piggy’s death, the breaking of the conch, the spear, the pig hunting, the darkness, and the daylight. These symbols are associated with five interrelated meanings, namely (1) outward looks can be deceiving; (2) the evil or dark side of human nature; (3) human behaviors, as manifestation of either the good or the dark side of human nature, such as self-control and savagery; (4) the tension between a stable community and the collapse of civilization; and (5) hope for a better life. The findings contribute to the global literary studies that themes of human nature and social conflict can be intricately conveyed using symbolism. This underlines the significance of Lord of the Flies as an important resource in literature-based English language learning, as well as in fostering critical thinking. Keywords: Lord of the Flies, novel, symbols, interpretation
Analysis of Indonesian Morphological Errors in The Essays of Indonesian Language Learners for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) at Alekawa Language & Culture Center Syarif, St. Nuraisyah; Hasriani, Hasriani; Sakaria, Sakaria
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 2 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i2.71315

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to describe morphological errors in Indonesian language compositions written by foreign language learners at the Alekawa Language & Culture Center. The morphological errors will be described in this study are errors found in affixation, reduplication, and abbreviation. This study uses a qualitative research design by involving documentation in the form of BIPA students' essays at Alekawa to collect phenomena to be studied and discussed in depth. This study uses data cards to analyze documents in the form of BIPA student essays. The data obtained were analyzed by using corder error analysis technique. The results of this study show that there are 22 morphological errors in the BIPA students' essays, namely there are 21 affixation errors and 1 reduplication error. In this study, no words using abbreviations were found in the writings of A1-level BIPA students because the grammar of abbreviations had not yet been taught to A1-level BIPA students, so BIPA students did not use abbreviations in their writing. The results of this study are expected to provide feedback for BIPA teachers, BIPA institutions, and further researchers. This research is also expected to be a reference material for BIPA teachers to be able to improve the learning of BIPA grammar morphology material at the A1 level. Keywords: BIPA learning, writing skills, morphology, essay, language errors
Discourse Markers (DMs) of Indonesian Ya/Iya: Does It Share Similar Functions with Dutch Ja and English Yes? Nasir, Syarif Hidayat; Tundreng, Syarifuddin; Helvira, Vivin; Kiftiah, Siti
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 6, No 2 (2025): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v6i2.66820

Abstract

Abstract. This study investigates the interactional use of Indonesian discourse markers (DMs) ya/iya, and compares their functions with their counterparts in Dutch (ja) and English (yes). While ya/iya typically signal agreement in Indonesian, this research aims to uncover the broader and more nuanced functions of these markers in spoken discourse. Employing a qualitative discourse analysis approach, the study analyzes approximately 90 minutes of naturally occurring conversation among five Indonesian international students enrolled in a Dutch language course at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. The data were collected through audio recordings and transcribed for in-depth functional analysis. Findings reveal that ya/iya perform a range of functions beyond simple agreement, including interrupter-ya, continuer-ya, emotive-ya, and tag-ya. Some of these uses align with those documented for English yes and Dutch ja, while others demonstrate context-specific functions unique to Indonesian. The study contributes to the cross-linguistic understanding of discourse markers, highlighting their multifunctionality and pragmatics in multilingual settings. These findings offer broader implications for discourse analysis, second language pragmatics, and intercultural communication, especially in globalized educational environments where such markers mediate social interaction across languages and cultures. Keywords: Functions, discourse markers (DMs), Indonesian-ya, English-yes, Dutch-ja

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