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Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 14125269     EISSN : 23546700     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia (JAI) merupakan salah satu sarana penyebarluasan informasi hasil-hasil penelitian serta kemajuan iptek dalam bidang akuakultur yang dikelola oleh Departemen Budidaya Perairan, FPIK–IPB. Sejak tahun 2005 penerbitan jurnal dilakukan 2 kali per tahun setiap bulan Januari dan Juli. Jumlah naskah yang diterbitkan per tahun relatif konsisten yaitu 23–30 naskah per tahun atau minimal 200 halaman.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 582 Documents
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Supplementation of Carrot (Daucus carrota) as Natural Source of Beta-carotene prepared by Several Methods in Feed to Increase Blue Colour of Freshwater Crayfish Red Claw (Cherax quadricarinatus) Satyantini, Woro H.; Mubarak, A. Shofy; Mukti, A. Taufiq; C, Ninin
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.569 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.19-27

Abstract

Red claw (Cherax quadricarinatus) is one kind of freshwater crayfish that can cultured as consumption or ornamental fish commodities.  The colour of body was important character for performance of red claw as ornamental fish commodity.  Red claw with blue body colour is more expensive than brown.  The purpose of  this experiment was to know the influence addition of carrot with several methods in feed on blue colour  of freshwater crayfish red claw and which was the best preparation method to increase blue colour of freshwater crayfish red claw. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design with four treatments: A (control), B (extract), C (juice) and D (shreeded) of carrot with 45 ppm dose and five time replicates.  Data was analysed with Kruskal-Wallis and continued with Z test. Result of the experiment was showed that addition of carrot as natural source of beta-carotene with several preparation in feed increase significantly (P
Analysis of Effective Broodstock Management and Breeding of Patin Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus) in BBAT Jambi Hamid, Mimid A.; W, Wahyu B.; W, Rangga; Lubis, Reni A.; Furusawa, Atomu
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (177.884 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.29-35

Abstract

Aiming to analyze biological character of reproduction and to realize effective breeding activity, annual patin breeding activity 2006 was examined in JFADC Indonesia. Females of two generations, strain of 2001 and 2003 were induced during the year.  Various parameters, such as body weight, collected egg weight, number of 1g egg, harvested larvae, were recorded in every trial of breeding. After collecting all of data in 2006, correlation of productivity with fish size and age were analyzed integrating data. All female were also identified by using PIT tag system and alteration of maturity was monitored monthly, observing development of abdomen, from January to June. Accumulated parameters during the year showed negative correlation of egg somatic index (ESI) with fish body weight.  Furthermore, hatching rate showed declined tendency as increasing body weight, suggesting less productivity by too-big female. All of elder female performed low productivity due to the low reading of some parameters such as ESI, hatching rate, larvae number/kg. Proportion of matured female was quite high from January until April. Individual monitoring of maturation showed quick reproduction of gonad in 2 month, from January to March, suggesting active reproductive stimulation on this season. Other many females also performed high gonadal maturity and its duration until April in many case. However, maturation has decreased suddenly on May and low maturation had lasted until November. It suppose due to the seasonal alteration of precipitation and remains as awkward issue for stable patin production in Jambi. Keywords: breeding, Asian catfish, egg somatic index, maturation   ABSTRAK Evaluasi kegiatan pembenihan patin siam Tahun 2006 di BBAT Jambi Indonesia dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk analisa karakter biologi reproduksi ikan patin siam dan untuk mewujudkan kegiatan pembenihan yang efektif.  Betina  dari 2 generasi yaitu generasi 2001 dan 2003 dipijahkan selama Tahun 2006.   Beberapa parameter seperti bobot tubuh, bobot telur yang diovulasikan (egg somatic index), jumlah  1 gram telur, dan jumlah larva yang dihasilkan  dicatat setiap kegiatan pemijahan.  Data yang terkumpul dan dianalis, hubungan produktivitas dengan ukuran  dan umur induk dievaluasi secara terpadu.  Semua betina ditandai dengan menggunakan PIT tag system (micro chip).  Perkembangan kematangan gonad dimonitor tiap bulan. Data yang terkumpul menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif antara egg somatic index dengan bobot tubuh ikan. Selain itu daya tetas cendrung  menurun dengan meningkatnya bobot tubuh..  Semua betina yang lebih tua menunjukkan produktivitas yang rendah, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya ESI, daya tetas dan jumlah larva/kg induk.  Prosentase induk matang gonad cukup tinggi dari bulan Januari sampai April.     Pengamatan kematangan gonad per individu menunjukkan siklus reproduksi  yang cepat dalam 2 bulan.dari Januari sampai Maret. Beberapa induk lain ditemukan  dengan tingkat kematangan gonad yang tinggi pada periode tersebut sampai bulan April.  Secara umum tingkat kematangan menurun secara drastis  pada bulan Mei dan kematangan yang rendah sampai bulan Nopember. Kata kunci : pembenihan, patin siam, egg somatic index, kematangan
Effects of Honey Supplementation in Female Brood Feed on Male and Female Percentages, Growth, and Survival Rate of Crayfish Red Claw (Cherax quadricarinatus) Seed Mukti, Akhmad Taufiq
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (140.734 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.37-45

Abstract

The aim of this study was to know effects of honey supplementation in female brood feed on male and female percentages, growth, and survival rate of crayfish red claw seed. The method that used in this study was laboratory scale experiment. The treatments that was applied were addition of honey dosages in female brood feed of crayfish red claw, i.e. 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 ml/kg feed. Parameters test were male and female percentages, daily growth (G), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate of crayfish red claw seed. Data analysis that used was descriptive analysis. The result of this study indicated that supplement of honey in female brood feed of crayfish red claw influenced male and female percentages, growth rate, and survival rate of seed. Treatment of honey dosage 300 ml/kg feed has high result, i.e. male percentage was 58,09% (female, 41.09%), daily  growth was 0.59 mm/day, specific growth rate was 0.10% of BW/day, and survival rate was 96.77 %. Treatment of honey dosage 0 ml/kg feed (control) showed low result, i.e. male percentage was 46.72 % (female, 53.28%), day growth was 0.55 mm/day, specific growth rate was 0.01%  of BW/day, and survival rate was 94.74%. Keywords: supplementation, honey, crayfish, sex, growth   ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi madu dalam pakan induk betina terhadap persentase jantan dan betina, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih lobster air tawar red claw. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan dosis madu dalam pakan induk betina lobster air tawar red claw, yaitu 0 (kontrol), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 dan 300 ml/kg pakan. Parameter yang diuji adalah persentase jenis kelamin jantan dan betina, pertumbuhan harian (G), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) dan kelangsungan hidup dari benih lobster air tawar red claw. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa suplemen madu dalam pakan induk betina lobster air tawar red claw mempengaruhi persentase jantan dan betina, tingkat pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih. Perlakuan dosis madu 300 ml/kg pakan memberikan hasil yang tertinggi, yaitu persentase jantan sebesar 58,095 % (betina, 41,095 %), pertumbuhan harian sebesar 0,596 mm/hari, laju pertumbuhan spesifik sebesar 0,103 % BT/hari dan kelangsungan hidup sebesar 96,767 %. Perlakuan dosis madu 0 ml/kg pakan (kontrol) menunjukkan hasil yang terendah, yaitu persentase jantan sebesar 46,718 % (betina, 53,282 %), pertumbuhan harian sebesar 0,552 mm/hari, laju pertumbuhan spesifik sebesar 0,099 % BT/hari dan kelangsungan hidup sebesar 94,742 %. Kata kunci: suplementasi, madu, lobster air tawar, jenis kelamin, pertumbuhan
Decreasing of heterogeneity in black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) broodstocks and their fry produced in hatchery Prastowo, Bambang Widyo; Rahardianti, Rahayu; Nur, Evi Maftuti
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.47-57

Abstract

Domestication and genetic improvement of shrimp are required towards production of superior broodstock.  BBPBAP Jepara had performed study on evaluation of genetic diversity of black tiger and white shrimp broodstock and their progenies produced in hatchery, using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)-mtDNA method.  Amplification of black tiger shrimp mtDNA used primers designed based on 16S rDNA sequences, and the products were restricted by Nde II enzyme.  While the primers for white shrimp was based on COIL and COIH sequences, and their PCR products were digested with Nla III.  The results of study showed that heterogeneity of tiger shrimp derived from Aceh waters was 0.1063, while their F1 progeny was 0.0494.  Heterogeneity of male tiger shrimp from Aceh waters and their progeny was 0.2811 and 0.1023, respectively, while of female was 0.1594 and 0.0940, respectively.  Heterogeneity of F1 tiger shrimp from Sunda Strait was 0.0405, while their F2 was homozygous.  Heterogeneity of F1 male and female tiger shrimp from Sunda Strait was 0.0641 and 0.1567, respectively, while of F2 was homozygous for both male and female.  Heterogeneity value of F1 white shrimp from Hawaii was 0.0069, while the F2 was homozygous.  Heterogeneity of F1 male and female white shrimp was 0.0099 and 0.0234, respectively, while of their F2 for both male and female were homozygous.  Homozygous has been found in F1 of white shrimp broodstock from Florida.  Based on the results of study, genetic variation of tiger shrimp and white shrimp broodstock used in hatchery were decrease.  Combination of conventional selective breeding approach and molecular technique may be useful to faster to meet the goal of domestication and quality improvement of penaeid species in Indonesia. Keywords: black tiger shrimp, white shrimp, RFLP, heterogeneity, genetic marker.   ABSTRAK Dalam rangka penyiapan induk-induk udang yang berkualitas unggul, diperlukan usaha untuk domestikasi dan perbaikan mutu genetik udang.  Di BBPBAP Jepara telah dilakukan suatu kajian untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik induk udang windu dan udang vaname beserta keturunannya yang dihasilkan dari panti pembenihan dengan metode Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)-mtDNA.  Amplifikasi mtDNA udang windu menggunakan primer yang didisain berdasarkan sekuens 16S rDNA, dan produk PCR dipotong menggunakan enzim Nde II.  Sementara primer untuk udang vaname dibuat berdasarkan sekuens COIL dan COIH, dan produk PCR dipotong dengan enzim Nla III.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai heterogenitas populasi induk udang windu asal Aceh dari alam sebesar 0,1063 dan turunan F1-nya sebesar 0,0494. Populasi induk windu jantan Aceh dari alam sebesar 0,2811 dan turunan F1-nya sebesar 0,1023; sedangkan populasi induk windu betina Aceh dari alam sebesar 0,1594 dan turunan F1-nya sebesar 0,0940.  Nilai heterogenitas populasi induk udang windu asal Selat Sunda turunan F1 sebesar 0,0405 dan turunan F2-nya adalah homozigot. Populasi induk windu jantan Selat Sunda turunan F1 sebesar 0,0641 dan turunan F2-nya adalah homozigot; sedangkan populasi induk windu betina Selat Sunda turunan F1 sebesar 0,1567 dan turunan F2-nya adalah homozigot. Nilai heterogenitas populasi induk udang vaname asal Hawaii turunan F1 sebesar 0,0069 dan turunan F2 adalah homozigot.  Populasi induk vaname jantan Hawaii turunan F1 sebesar 0,0099 dan turunan F2-nya adalah homozigot.  Populasi induk betina Hawaii turunan F1 sebesar 0,0234 dan turunan F2-nya adalah homozigot.  Homozigositas pada induk udang vaname asal Florida telah terlihat pada turunan F1-nya. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan variasi genetik pada induk udang windu dan udang vaname yang digunakan di panti pembenihan. Kombinasi antara pendekatan selektif breeding konvensional dan aplikasi teknik molekuler mungkin bermanfaat untuk mempercepat tercapainya tujuan domestikasi dan perbaikan kualitas udang penaeid di Indonesia.   Kata kunci : Udang windu, udang vaname, RFLP, heterogenitas, marker genetik
The effect of endosulfan bioaccumulation on the growth of carp, Cyprinus carpio LINN. Taufik, Imam; Supriyono, E.; Nirmala, K.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (156.231 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.59-65

Abstract

This research was done in order to determine the effect of endosulfan biaccumulation on the growth of carp (Cyprinus carpio). This research was conducted in 40 l of glass aquaria, the initial weight of carp was 0.81±0.098 g/fish, and the pesticide endosulfan with active ingredient of 350 g/l was used as test solution. Preliminary research was conducted with bioassay test to assess  LC50-96h of endosulfan for  carp, and then the fish were exposed to some series of exposure concentration, those are  10; 30; and 50% of LC50-96h value or 0.24; 0.72; and 1.2 mg/l for 12 weeks. Endosulfan residue analysis in the water and the body of the fish was conducted after: 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, 96, 144, 192, 264 of exposure hours by using liquid gas chromatography (LGC). Body weight of fish was measured weekly. This study resulted that endosulfan was very toxic to the carp with LC50-96h value was 2.42 (2.206-2.652) mg/l. Endosulfan bioaccumulation of exposure concentration of  0.24; 0.72; and 1.20 mg/l were 67.93; 119.21; and 141.19 mg/kg respectively. Bioaccumulation of 119,21mg/kg   significantly inhibit the growth of carp. Keywords: endosulfan, bioaccumulation, growth, carp   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biakumulasi insektisida endosulfan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan mas. Wadah penelitian berupa akuarium kaca, hewan uji adalah ikan mas berukuran 0,81±0,098 g/ekor, bahan uji berupa formulasi insektisida dengan bahan aktif endosulfan 350 g/l. penelitian diawali dengan uji hayati untuk menentukan nilai LC50-96 jam endosulfan terhadap ikan mas, selanjutnya dilakukan pemaparan ikan mas selama 12 minggu dalam air dengan konsentrasi endosulfan yang berbeda, yaitu: 10, 30, dan 50% dari nilai LC50-96 jam atau sebesar 0,24; 0,72; dan 1,20  mg/l. Analisis residu endosulfan dalam sample air dan ikan dilakukan setelah waktu pemaparan 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, 96, 144, 192, dan 264 jam dengan menggunakan kromatografi gas cair (GC), pengukuran bobot ikan dilakukan setiap minggu dengan menimbang berat total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insektisida endosulfan sangat toksik terhadap ikan mas dengan nilai LC50-96 jam sebesar 2,42 (2,206-2,652) mg/l, bioakumulasi endosulfan pada konsentrasi perlakuan 0,24; 0,72; dan 1,20 mg/l secara berturut-turut adalah 67.93; 119,21; and 141,19 mg/kg. Bioakumulasi sebesar 119,21mg/kg secara nyata menghambat pertumbuhan ikan mas. Kata kunci: endosulfan, bioakumulasi, pertumbuhan, ikan mas
Artificial Feeds Given in Different Dose to the Growth and Feed Consumption of Semah Fish Seed (Tor Douronensis) in Order to Domestication Sunarto, .; Sabariah, .
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (151.379 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.67-76

Abstract

Semah fish (Tor douronensis) is a kind of freshwater fish pertained as a wild fish that almost extint and rare, therefore, it is necessary to preserve through the culture activity. Meanwhile, in fish culture effort, feed is considers as an important factor.  Thus, feed must meet a proper quality and quantity due to the fish maintenance, growth, and reproduction requirement. Test feed employed in this research was an artificial feed in form of pellet which was consists of 40% protein by dose tested of 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% of biomass weight. The result indicated that daily growth rate was ranged between 1.44-1.99% by highest growth achieved at feed dose 6% and from the quadratic regression analysis achieved optimal dose by 6.18%.  Daily feed comsumption rate of semah fish seed was ranged between 2.69-10.19% per day.  Feed efficiency was ranged between 13.85-54.09%, and survival rate was 100%. Keywords: dose, growth, feed comsumption, semah fish, Tor douronensis   ABSTRAK Ikan semah (Tor douronensis) adalah jenis ikan air tawar yang tergolong jenis ikan liar yang hampir punah dan sudah langka, karena itu perlu upaya pelestariannya dengan usaha pembudidayaan. Dalam usaha budidaya ikan, pakan merupakan salah satu faktor penting. Oleh sebab itu pakan harus berkualitas dengan kuantitas yang tepat sesuai dengan kebutuhan ikan untuk pertumbuhannya, pemeliharaan tubuh dan reproduksi. Pakan uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pakan buatan berupa pelet yang mengandung  protein 40% dengan dosis pakan yang diuji 3%, 6%, 9% dan 12% dari bobot biomassa. Hasil menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan harian berkisar antara 1,99-1,44% dengan pertumbuhan tertinggi dicapai pada dosis pakan 6% dan dari analisis regresi kwadratik diperoleh dosis optimum sebesar 6,18%. Laju konsumsi harian benih ikan semah selama penelitian ini berkisar antara 2,69-10,19 %/hari. Efesiensi pakan berkisar antara 54,09-13,85%, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 100% Kata kunci: dosis, pertumbuhan, konsumsi pakan, ikan semah, Tor douronensis
Reproductive hormone profiles and gametogenesis in female of giant gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) Wijayanti, Gratiana E.; Soeminto, .; Simanjuntak, Sorta B.I.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.023 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.77-89

Abstract

Giant gouramy is one of freshwater aquaculture fish species that has high economic value so that various efforts had been performed to continuous increase its production levels. The successful of giant gouramy culture requires good understanding on its reproductive biology, however limited information is available. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine reproductive hormone profiles and gametogenesis of giant gouramy for a cycle of reproduction. Eighteen broodstocks were naturally spawned; the day of spawning was referred as the first day (zero weeks) of post spawning. Nine (Group A) of those broodstocks were used to evaluate gonadotropin, estradiol, and progesterone profiles. The remained broodstocks (group B) were used to evaluate gametogenesis. Blood sample from fish group A were taken on 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks post spawning for measurement of hormone levels. Hormone levels were measured by using ELISA method with kit of REF30-407 for gonadotropin, REF30-431 for estradiol and REF30-406 for progesterone, respectively. On the same time, ovarian were taken from fish group B. Ovarian were weighted to examine gonado somatic index (GSI), and they were then be fixative by NBF solution, processed to histology using paraffin, and stained with haematoxyline-eosin. Histology of ovarian was observed using a light microscope. The results of hormone analysis showed that the level of gonadotropin was relatively high during the spawning (0.17±0.021 mIU/ml), decrease to 0.13±0.017 mIU/ml) at the first week and then relatively stable until the fourth week. Estradiol-17 concentration was relatively high during the spawning (2,222.32±68.19 pg/ml), decrease until the third week and then increase at the fourth week (1,989.66±103.11pg/ml). Progesterone level from fish spawning to the first week was 0.403±0.02ng/ml, increase to 0.514±0.02 ng/ml at the second week and then decrease at the fourth week (0.260±0.0 ng/ml). GSI values from the first week to the fourth were 1.794%; 2.3125%; 2.562% and 4.468%, respectively. Histology analysis showed that giant gouramy has nine oocytes development, including 2 stages of previtellogenesis, 6 stages of vitellogenesis and a post vitellogenesis stage. Information of gonadotropin, estradiol-17 and progesterone profiles, and gametogenesis of giant gouramy could be useful on the effort to optimize their reproductive performance. Keywords: hormone profile, reproduction, gametogenesis, giant gouramy ABSTRAK Ikan gurame merupakan salah satu jenis ikan budidaya air tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi, sehingga berbagai upaya untuk peningkatan produksinya senantiasa dilakukan. Keberhasilan budidaya gurame memerlukan pemahaman yang memadai tentang biologi reproduksi, akan tetapi informasi tersebut masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitan ini dievaluasi profil hormon reproduksi dan gametogenesis gurami selama satu siklus reproduksi. Induk gurame (n= 18) dipijahkan secara alami, hari pada saat ikan memijah ditetapkan sebagai hari pertama (minggu ke-0) pasca mijah. Sembilan ikan (grup A) digunakan untuk evaluasi profil hormon gonadotropin, estradiol dan progesteron. Sembilan ikan lainnya (grup B) digunakan untuk evaluasi profil gametogenesis. Pada minggu ke-0, 1 ,2 ,3 dan ke-4 pasca mijah, sampel darah diambil dari ikan grup A untuk pengukuran kadar hormon. Pengukuran kadar hormon dilakukan menggunakan metoda ELISA dengan kit gonadotropin (REF 30-407), estradil (REF 30-431) dan progesteron (REF 30-406). Pada saat yang sama, ikan dari grup B dimatikan dan dibedah untuk diangkat ovariumnya. Ovarium ditimbang untuk perhitungan gonado somatic index (GSI), kemudian difiksasi dalam larutan NBF, diproses untuk pembuatan sediaan histologi mengguakan metode parafin, dan diwarnai dengan haematoxylin-eosin. Histologi ovari dievaluasi dengan mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pengukuran kadar hormon menunjukkan bahwa kadar godanotropin relatif tinggi pada saat pemijahan (0,17±0,021 mIU/ml) kemudian menurun (0,13±0,017 mIU/ml) pada minggu pertama dan relatif stabil hingga minggu keempat. Kadar estradiol-17 relatif tinggi pada saat pemijahan (2222,32±68,19 pg/ml) menurun hingga minggu ketiga (1518,61±100,68 pg/ml) dan meningkat kembali pada minggu keempat (1989,66±103,11pg/ml). Kadar progesteron pada saat pemjahan hingga minggu pertama 0,403±0,02ng/ml, meningkat menjadi 0,514±0,02 ng/ml pada minggu kedua dan menurun menurun kembali hingga minggu keempat kadarnya 0,260±0,0 ng/ml). Nilai GSI induk betina pada minggu pertama hingga minggu keempat berturut-turut sebesar 1,794%; 2,3125%; 2,562% dan 4,468%. Evaluasi terhadap sediaan histologi ovarium menunjukkan bahwa gurame memiliki sembilan tahapan perkembangan oosit meliputi previtelogenesis (2 tahap), vitelogenesis (6 tahap) dan post vitelogenesis. Informasi tentang profil hormon gonadotropin, estradiol-17 dan progesteron serta profil gametogeness pada gurame dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam upaya optimasi reproduksi ikan gurame. Kata kunci: profil hormon, reproduksi, gametogenesis, ikan gurame
The Usage of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum) to Cure Pangasius Fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) Infected by Aeromonas hydrophylla Muslim, Muslim; Maraulina, Hotly; Widjajanti, Harry
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (172.97 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.91-100

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to know effectivity of the garlic extract to cure Pangasius catfish that infected by A. hidrophylla bacteria. This research was done on February to April 2007, at Aquaculture Laboratory FP UNSRI. This research used Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The concentration of the garlic extract that used were 0 % (control), 0.2 %, 0.4 %, 0.6 %, 0.8 %. The parameters inspected include SR of fish that infected; SR of fish had been treatment, Relative Percent Survival (RPS), clinical symptom and water quality. The highest survival rate percentage is treatments A4 (0.8 %) with average value 66.66 %. The best concentration of garlic extract that can heal the fish until ≥ 50 % (RPS value) from totally sample of fish were treatments A4 (0.8 %), A3 (0.6 %), and A2 (0.4 %). The clinical symptom after cure and care as long as fourteen days indicated in control (without garlic extract has been found hard damage bodies organ and the mortality fish effect, but in treatments A1 (0.2 %), A2 (0.4 %), A3 (0.6 %), and A4 (0.8 %) recover after submerged with garlic extract. The water quality parameters during experiment in each treatments such as temperature was 27 - 29 oC, pH 6-6.5, Dissolved Oxygen 5.24 - 6.87 mg/l, and Ammonia 0.09 - 0.46 mg/l.Keywords: garlic extract, pangasius fish, A. hydrophylla bacteria ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak bawang putih untuk mengobati penyakit bakterial pada ikan patin yang disebabkan A. hidrophylla. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari - April  2007, di Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan, FP UNSRI. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap,  5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.  Konsentrasi ekstrak bawang putih yang digunakan adalah  0 % (kontrol), 0,2 %, 0,4 %, 0,6 %, 0,8 %.  Parameter yang diamati meliputi SR ikan yang terinfeksi, SR ikan setelah diberi perlakuan, RPS, gejala klinis serta kualitas air. Persentase SR tertinggi pada perlakuan A4  (0,8 %) sebesar 66,66 %. Konsentrasi ekstrak bawang putih yang dapat menyembuhkan ikan sampai ≥ 50 % (nilai RPS) dari jumlah total ikan berturut-turut adalah perlakuan A4 (0,8 %), A3 (0,6 %), dan A2 (0,4 %).  Gejala klinis setelah pengobatan dan pemeliharaan selama 14 hari menunjukkan pada perlakuan kontrol (tanpa ekstrak bawang putih) terdapat kerusakan organ tubuh paling parah dan menyebabkan ikan mati, sedangkan pada perlakuan A1   (0,2 %), A2 (0,4 %), A3 ( 0,6 %), dan A4 (0,8 %), gejala klinis pada tubuh ikan berangsur sembuh setelah direndam dengan ekstrak bawang putih. Parameter kualitas air selama pemeliharaan pada masing-masing perlakuan yaitu suhu (27-29oC), pH (6-6,5), O2 terlarut (5,24-6,87 mg/l) dan amonia (0,09-0,46 mg/l).Kata kunci : ekstrak bawang putih,  ikan patin, bakteri A . hydrophylla. 
Preliminary study on the coconut crab (Birgus latro) rearing in captive pond Sulistiono, .; Kamal, M.M.; Butet, Nurlisa A.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (155.791 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.101-107

Abstract

Preliminary study on the coconut crab (Birgus latro) rearing was employed in captive pond at Citarate village, Lebak Regency (Banten) from May to December 2008.  The rearing activity was done in captive pond sized 5x5x1.3 m3 divided into 22 smaller ponds sized 1x1x1.3 m3 with a hiding hole (constructed by pile stones), supported by two small ponds sized 30x40x40 cm3 for sea and fresh water stocks, respectively.  The coconut crab (N=22 individuals at cement pond I and N=18 individuals at cement pond II) were reared in each small ponds (density: 1 individual/pond), feed by a piece of coconut (20-50 gram per individual in each cement pond).  The coconut and the water (sea and fresh water) were replaced for 2-3 times per week. Result of the study showed that survival rate was around 82% (ponds I) and 83% (ponds II), and mortality was around 18% (ponds I) and 18% (ponds II). The coconut crab growth at captive ponds I and II were around 17.5 and 52 gram per month, respectively. Key words:  Preliminary study, rearing, coconut crab (Birgus latro)   ABSTRAK Uji coba pemeliharaan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) dilakukan di kolam penangkaran di Desa Citarate, Kabupaten Lebak (Banten) pada Bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008.  Kegiatan pemeliharaan dilakukan pada bak semen berukuran 5x5x1.3 m2 yang terbagi menjadi 22 bak semen lebih kecil yang berukuran 1x1x1.3 m3 dilengkapi dengan tempat persembunyian (berupa tumpukan batu), serta bak kecil sebagai tempat penampungan air laut dan tawar masing-masing berukuran 30x40x40 cm3. Kepiting kelapa (N=22 ekor pada kolam I dan N=18 pada kolam II) dimasukkan ke dalam setiap kolam (kepadatan 1 individu/kolam), dan diberikan pakan utama berupa potongan kelapa ukuran sekitar 20-50 gram per individu per kolam.  Penggantian kelapa dan air (tawar dan laut) dilakukan 2-3 kali per minggu. Hasil uji coba pemeliharaan kepiting kelapa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat sintasan (survival rate) di kolam peliharaan berkisar 82 (Kolam I) dan 83% (Kolam II), sedangkan tingkat kematian (mortalitas) sebesar 18 (Kolam I) dan 17% (Kolam II).  Pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa di kolam penangkaran I dan masing-masing adalah sekitar 17,5 dan 52 gram per bulan. Kata kunci:  Uji coba, pemeliharaan, kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro).
Existing of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) and Infectious Hypodermal Haematopoitic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Reared at Intensive Tambak System in Bakauheni, Lampung Selatan Dwinanti, S.H.; Yuhana, Munti
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (456.32 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.109-116

Abstract

Development of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei culture to increase production yield should take attention in prevention of viral outbreak which  is a main factor caused harvesting failure.  Viruses that usually infect shrimp are white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), taura syndrome virus (TSV) dan infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV).  To prevent virus infection and reduce risk of fail to harvest, an early warning and observation system of availability of pathogen should be taken in order to know the shrimp condition during culture process.  This study was performed to examine existing of WSSV, TSV and IHHNV in shrimp reared in tambak by PCR and histopathology methods. Samples were taken every two weeks from tambak culture at Bakauheni, Penengahan, Lampung Selatan.  Generally, WSSV, TSV, and IHHNV were found in shrimp from tambak and water around tambak.  Virus infection was first detected in shrimp derived from tambak on 66 days after crop and still exists until 107 days after crop.  Hepatopancreatic cell disorder  caused by the three viruses were found in cell nuclei that became bigger, necrosis in cytoplasm and inclusion body at nuclei.  The existing of virus in outside of tambak indicated that virus was horizontally transmitted. Keywords: WSSV, TSV, IHHNV, white shrimp   ABSTRAK Perkembangan budidaya udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei dalam usaha meningkatkan hasil produksi harus memperhatikan keberadaan penyakit viral yang menjadi penyebab utama kegagalannya. Virus yang biasa menyerang vaname antara lain white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), taura syndrome virus (TSV) dan infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). Untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran virus dan mengurangi resiko kegagalan produksi diperlukan usaha pencegahan dengan melakukan peringatan dini (early warning) dan pemantauan tambak terhadap keberadaan patogen tersebut selama masa budidaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan WSSV, TSV dan IHHNV yang menginfeksi udang vaname dengan analisa polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dan histopatologis. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak delapan kali setiap dua minggu di tambak intensif udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei di Bakauheni, Penengahan, Lampung Selatan. Secara umum, WSSV, TSV dan IHHNV telah ditemukan pada tambak serta di perairan sekitar lokasi tersebut. Infeksi virus pertama kali terdeteksi di tambak ketika udang berumur 66 hari setelah penebaran dan terdeteksi pula pada waktu pengamatan selanjutnya sampai udang berumur 107 hari setelah penebaran. Kerusakan akibat serangan ketiga jenis virus tersebut terjadi pada bagian inti sel yang mengalami pembesaran, nekrosis pada sitoplasma dan badan inklusi yang menekan inti sel. Pola transmisi virus yang terjadi adalah secara horizontal yang didukung oleh terdeteksinya virus tersebut pada udang di luar tambak.   Kata kunci : WSSV, TSV, IHHNV, udang vaname

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