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Global South Review
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 26857782     EISSN : 26857790     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.50258
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Environmental Science Social Sciences Other
Global South Review is a social and political journal that aimed to provide academic and policy platform to exchange views, research findings, and dialogues within the Global South and between the Global North and the Global South. Global South Review examines all the issues encountered by Global South in the context of current international justice, security, and order. The journal focuses, but not exclusively, on the role of Global South in global politics; the rise, demise, and possible revival of South-South internationalism and Bandung Spirit; and the dynamics of relations between Global South and Global North. Authors may submit research articles and book reviews in related subjects.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 139 Documents
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Indonesia’s Strategic Diplomacy and BRICS Membership: Opportunities and Risks in a Multipolar Global Order Darwis, Danial; Setiawan, Aria Aditya
Global South Review Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.106796

Abstract

This article analyses Indonesia’s strategic diplomatic manoeuvre in joining BRICS amidst the growing multipolarity of the global order. Using a qualitative case study approach, this paper integrates three key frameworks: Free and Active Foreign Policy, Hedging Strategy, and Multipolarity. The study draws on secondary data from government documents, academic journals, think-tank reports, and international media sources. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s accession to BRICS opens strategic opportunities in South–South economic cooperation, access to alternative development financing, and enhanced geopolitical influence. However, it also presents diplomatic risks such as potential Western pressure, internal dominance within BRICS by major powers, and reputational shifts that may affect ASEAN cohesion. The paper argues that Indonesia adopts a calculated hedging strategy that balances bilateral ties and multilateral engagement to maintain strategic autonomy. This study contributes to existing literature by offering an integrated analytical framework to understand Indonesia’s foreign policy adaptation, while also providing practical insight into the dynamics of middle power diplomacy in the Global South.
Authors Biography Mas'oed, Mohtar
Global South Review Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.111155

Abstract

Authoritarian Environmentalism and Sustainable Development Explaining China's Ecological Civilization Success and Its Structural Limits for the Post-Colonial Global South Darmawan, Arif; Fitrah, Elpeni; Miryanti, Renny; Anwar, Soni Martin; Srirejeki, Kiky; Yuliantiningsih, Aryuni; Afwa, Ulil; Pascarina, Hanifa
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.106072

Abstract

In response to the escalating global environmental crisis, China has initiated "Ecological Civilization," a distinctive state-led approach to environmental sustainability and harmonious development. Rooted in Marxist ecological thought and traditional Chinese philosophies emphasizing human-nature harmony, this initiative diverges from Western models and is enshrined in China's constitution and national policies. This essay provides an expert-level analysis of Ecological Civilization, examining its core principles, theoretical foundations (including Taoist and Confucian influences and modern sustainability concepts), and implementation within China. It assesses both successes—such as large-scale afforestation (e.g., Three-North Shelter Forest Program, Grain to Green Program), biodiversity conservation through protected areas and Ecological Conservation Redlines, and advancements in green energy transition —and failures, including persistent pollution, enforcement challenges, and socio-ecological impacts of large infrastructure projects. The analysis explores the strong synergies between Ecological Civilization and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 7 (Energy), SDG 11 (Cities), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 15 (Life on Land), and SDG 12 (Sustainable Consumption). Considering the sustainability efforts and unique challenges faced by Global South countries, this essay distills valuable insights from China's experience. Key lessons highlight the importance of strong state leadership, quantitative targets, large-scale ecological restoration, and green technology innovation, while emphasizing the crucial need for context-specific adaptation, stakeholder engagement, and equitable strategies for the Global South
The Rise of Emerging Donors: Exploring Motives Behind Indonesian AID’s Development Assistance to African Countries Anwar, Muhammad Faisal Javier; Salim, Ahmad
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.108547

Abstract

This research examines the motivations behind Indonesia’s development assistance to African countries through Indonesian AID, highlighting Indonesia within the broader context of the rise of emerging donors in global development. A qualitative explanatory approach was employed, with data collected via semi-structured interviews with a key policymaker and library research. The data were then analyzed using the foreign policy analysis framework with a pluralist perspective, which integrates both domestic and international factors. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s aid to Africa is driven by a combination of pragmatic material interests, such as promoting economic diplomacy and expanding trade opportunities, and normative aspirations, including South-South cooperation and enhancing Indonesia’s international standing. The study under discussion highlights the intersection of several factors, including leaders’ idiosyncrasies, domestic politics, and global politics, which collectively influence the motivations behind aid. This intersection transcends the conventional binary of normative versus material drivers. By focusing on Indonesia’s involvement in Africa, this research addresses a gap in the literature on Indonesia’s developmental assistance, which has predominantly focused on Oceania, thereby illustrating the intricate interplay between domestic and international factors in the foreign aid strategies of emerging donors. The paper concludes that Indonesia’s approach reflects a nuanced donor identity, offering practical implications for understanding the evolving landscape of South-South cooperation and the diversification of global development assistance.
Comparison of Kenya and Ethiopia's Foreign Policies in Response to the Rivalry Between the Great Powers in the Indo-Pacific Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Hikmawan, Rizky
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.109506

Abstract

The transformation of the Asia-Pacific region into the Indo-Pacific has significant implications, expanding the scale of power competition between the United States and its allies and China. This expansion of competition has reached countries in East Africa, including Kenya and Ethiopia. This study seeks to examine how Kenya and Ethiopia respond to the great power rivalry in the Indo-Pacific. This is done using Type III neoclassical realism theory, which argues that structural stimuli such as great power rivalry in the Indo-Pacific will be filtered at the domestic level to achieve foreign policy outcomes. To achieve an objective study, the author employs a comparative qualitative method. Data is collected through literature review, utilizing primary sources such as state speeches, government statements, legal documents, and official reports. These primary sources are further supported by additional sources such as journal articles and news reports. Kenya and Ethiopia exhibit contrasting foreign policies due to differing domestic structures. Kenya employs a pragmatic hedging strategy, engaging multiple powers like the US for military cooperation and China for infrastructure. This multi-alignment is rooted in its diplomatic culture and institutionalized political system with checks and balances. Conversely, Ethiopia's foreign policy is assertive and transactional, prioritizing regime survival. Driven by personalized leadership and weak institutions, it relies heavily on China while having strained relations with the US. Ultimately, domestic filters in neoclassical realism explain Kenya's calculated approach versus Ethiopia's unpredictable, unilateral actions.
Navigating Conflict: The Impact of Sudan Civil War on China's Energy Security Strategies (2023-2025) Umam, Azyumardi Mumtazul
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.111384

Abstract

This study examines China’s strategic response to the disruption of its energy interests following the outbreak of Sudan’s civil war in 2023. As a key African partner in China’s external energy portfolio, Sudan’s instability posed direct risks to Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) such as CNPC and Sinopec. Employing a qualitative single-case study and grounded in Neorealism and Resource Dependence Theory (RDT), the research analyzes China's adaptive strategies using triangulated documentary data and NVivo-assisted thematic coding. Three core responses are identified: diversification of energy sources, informal political engagement with Sudanese actors, and technical-institutional adaptation by SOEs. Findings reveal a hybrid strategic posture in which China balances its non-interventionist doctrine with pragmatic adjustments in conflict zones. SOEs emerge as semi-autonomous agents capable of navigating political fragmentation and operational uncertainty, demonstrating infrastructural relocation, security corridor formation, and decentralized decision-making. This paper contributes to international relations scholarship by highlighting how great powers manage resource dependency amid geopolitical volatility. It challenges conventional assumptions about the rigidity of China’s foreign policy, showing its evolving flexibility under fragmented state conditions. The study recommends comparative research across other conflict-affected regions to test the generalizability of this adaptive model.
In the Name of Nationalism: A Feminist Security Critique on Indonesia's State Violence (1965-1999) Asmoro, Jessenia Destarini
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.113052

Abstract

This study analyses the gendered dimension of Indonesia’s idea of nationalism using feminist security perspective. Contested idea of nationalism had resulted in state securitization, conducted by Indonesia’s security forces in 1965-1999. However, this study found that such securitization did not take women’s security into account. The 1965-1966 political genocide, the military operations in Papua and Aceh, the 1998 May mass sexual violence, and the occupation in East Timor had shown that women were put in further insecurity than they already were. This can be seen from the fact that sexual violence with women as majority of the victims took place during those situations. As Indonesia’s social order was already a patriarchy, this gap of gender power relations became more affirmed when state securitization took place. Additionally, this study shows how Indonesia’s idea of nationalism reflects the subordination of women in the society.
The BRICS Dilemma: A Polyheuristic Analysis of Indonesia's Free-Active Foreign Policy Shift Atmosuwito, Dendy Raditya; Bahari, Yunus Ikhsan; Lungidradityo, Wibi -
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.113053

Abstract

This article examines the complex decision-making process behind Indonesia's pivotal shift to pursue full membership in the BRICS consortium. For decades, Indonesia, a prominent middle power, has navigated global politics through its "free and active" foreign policy, a doctrine rooted in the non-alignment principles of the 1955 Bandung Conference. This long-held stance created a significant dilemma when faced with an invitation to join BRICS, an alliance often perceived as a counterweight to Western-led global governance structures. This paper argues that Indonesia's ultimate decision to join under the Prabowo Subianto administration is not merely a product of rational economic and geopolitical calculations, but rather the result of a complex polyheuristic process. It posits that the primary shift occurred in the cognitive phase, where the leadership reconfigured the "free and "active" principle-previously a cognitive filter eliminating the membership option into a justification for proactive participation in a multipolar world. This reconceptualisation of the "critical dimension" allowed the membership option to pass into a second, more rational stage of analysis. Here, policymakers concluded that the long-term strategic benefits including economic diversification, access to alternative financing via the New Development Bank (NDB), and an enhanced role as a leader of the Global South outweighed the inherent risks of geopolitical friction and economic dependencies. This study utilises Polyheuristic Decision-Making Theory to deconstruct this shift, analysing how cognitive framing and rational calculus converged to produce a landmark foreign policy decision.
Author's Biography Mas'oed, Mohtar
Global South Review Vol 7, No 3 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.118050

Abstract

Page 14 of 14 | Total Record : 139

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