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International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26856689     DOI : 10.31934/ijhess
Core Subject : Economy, Health, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Public Health Social Sciences
nternational Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) is a peer-reviewed electronic international journal. This statement clarifies ethical behaviour of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the chief editor, the Editorial Board, the Peer-reviewer­­­­­ and the Publisher Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu. Aims and Scope International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS): Public health, economics, Anthropology, sociology, geography, history, environmental studies, business, administration, political science, cultural studies, ethnography.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,158 Documents
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The Influence of Lifestyle with the Incidence of Hypertension in the Community at the Parmonangan District Health Center Martalenta Manalu; Anasthasia Sitompul; Hartono; Marlinang Isabella Silalahi; Buenita S
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) - July 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.10132

Abstract

Background: Hypertension remains one of the leading non-communicable diseases worldwide and is closely associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, physical activity, smoking, caffeine consumption, and family history may contribute to the development of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the influence of lifestyle on the incidence of hypertension among the community in the working area of the Parmonangan District Health Center. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted from April to May 2026. The study population consisted of 203 community members registered at the Parmonangan District Health Center, with a sample of 135 respondents selected using simple random sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-square test), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) analyses with a significance level of p < 0.025. Results: The bivariate analysis showed significant relationships between family history (p=0.001), dietary habits (p=0.025), smoking habits (p=0.034), duration of smoking (p=0.007), number of cigarettes smoked per day (p=0.025), and caffeine consumption (p=0.012) with the incidence of hypertension. However, physical activity (p=0.556) and cigarette type (p=0.078) were not significantly associated with hypertension. Multivariate analysis revealed that family history was the strongest predictor of hypertension (OR=22.732; 95% CI=7.736–66.804; p=0.001). Conclusion: Lifestyle factors, particularly dietary habits, smoking behavior, smoking duration, cigarette consumption, and caffeine intake, are associated with the incidence of hypertension. Family history was identified as the most dominant risk factor. Preventive strategies should emphasize healthy lifestyle promotion, smoking cessation, moderation of caffeine intake, healthy dietary practices, regular blood pressure screening, and early intervention for individuals with a family history of hypertension.
The Relationship of Reproductive Health Education from Teachers and Parents with Adolescents' Attitudes to Free Sex at SMA Negeri 1 Tapa Ramdan Usulu; Ridha Hafid; Sartika
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) - July 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.10135

Abstract

Adolescence is a developmental stage characterized by rapid physical, psychological, and social changes, making adolescents more vulnerable to engaging in risky sexual behaviors. Reproductive health education provided by teachers and parents plays a crucial role in shaping adolescents' attitudes toward free sex. However, limited communication and comprehensive education may increase the risk of unhealthy sexual behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between reproductive health education provided by teachers and parents and adolescents' attitudes toward free sex at SMA Negeri 1 Tapa. This quantitative analytical study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 478 students, with 83 respondents selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through univariate analysis and Spearman Rank correlation with a significance level of 5% (? = 0.05). Most respondents received reproductive health education from teachers at a moderate level (56.7%) and from parents at a high level (73.5%). Adolescents' attitudes toward free sex were predominantly in the moderate category (51.8%). The findings revealed a significant relationship between reproductive health education provided by teachers and adolescents' attitudes toward free sex (p = 0.022; r = -0.252). Likewise, a significant relationship was found between reproductive health education provided by parents and adolescents' attitudes toward free sex (p = 0.022; r = -0.252). The correlation coefficients indicated a weak negative relationship, suggesting that better reproductive health education was associated with more positive attitudes in rejecting free-sex behavior. Reproductive health education provided by teachers and parents is significantly associated with adolescents' attitudes toward free sex. Strengthening collaboration between schools and families through continuous, comprehensive, and age-appropriate reproductive health education is essential to foster responsible attitudes toward reproductive health among adolescents.
The Relationship Between Husband's Emotional Support and Mothers' Confidence in Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Work Area of the Central City Community Health Center Ainun Yus’iranna Ihram; Ridha Hafid; Siti Hajar Salawali
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) - July 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.10161

Abstract

Background: Maternal self-confidence is one of the key determinants of successful exclusive breastfeeding. One of the factors that may influence maternal confidence is the emotional support provided by husbands during the breastfeeding period. Emotional support, including attention, empathy, affection, and encouragement, can improve mothers' psychological well-being and strengthen their confidence in exclusively breastfeeding their infants. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between husbands' emotional support and maternal self-confidence in exclusive breastfeeding at the Kota Tengah Community Health Center. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 103 breastfeeding mothers, with 82 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires measuring husbands' emotional support and maternal self-confidence in exclusive breastfeeding. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product-Moment correlation with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Most respondents reported receiving high emotional support from their husbands (97.6%) and demonstrated high self-confidence in exclusive breastfeeding (76.8%). Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between husbands' emotional support and maternal self-confidence in exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.018; r = 0.262). The correlation coefficient indicated a weak but positive relationship. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between husbands' emotional support and maternal self-confidence in exclusive breastfeeding. Greater emotional support from husbands is associated with higher maternal confidence in breastfeeding. Therefore, increasing husbands' involvement through emotional support is essential to improve the success of exclusive breastfeeding.
The Ontology of Leadership in Crisis: Beyond the Directive Model Toward Collaborative-Adaptive Leadership Imaduddin Fadhlurrahman
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 3: July 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11620

Abstract

This study aims to examine whether leadership in crisis situations is ontologically distinct from leadership under normal conditions, and to demonstrate that collaborative-adaptive leadership constitutes the most ontologically honest response to the nature of crisis. This study employs philosophical library research through three complementary analytical approaches: philosophical inquiry, hermeneutical analysis, and critical comparative analysis. The directive model operates on three erroneous assumptions reality as already known, the sovereign singular subject, and time as linear sequence all of which collapse when crisis occurs. The phenomenology of Heidegger (Mitsein), Husserl (Einfühlung), and Arendt (plurality) demonstrates that crisis can only be responded to collectively, manifesting through three dimensions: collaboration as recognition of ontological complexity, empathy as ontological capacity, and trust as the foundation of a new shared world. Directive leadership is ontologically incompatible with the nature of crisis as a condition of human being-in-common (being-in-common). This study affirms the importance of integrating ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions in leadership theory, while simultaneously opening space for dialectical inquiry into phenomenologically-grounded leadership.
SIMRS Fraud Against INA-CBGs/INA-DRG in the Implementation of KRIS in Hospitals Andi Yaumil Bay R Thaifur; Reski Dewi Pratiwi; Afriyana Amelia Nuryadin; Mangindara
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) - July 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11033

Abstract

Hospital Management Information Systems (SIMRS) serve as a critical foundation for ensuring the accuracy of National Health Insurance (JKN) claims under the Indonesian Case Based Groups (INA-CBGs/INA-DRG) payment system. However, limited SIMRS integration quality combined with the policy shift toward Standard Inpatient Class (KRIS) implementation pursuant to Presidential Regulation No. 59 of 2024 potentially increases the risk of data conflicts and claim fraud in hospitals. This systematic literature review aimed to examine the role of SIMRS in potential fraud within INA-CBGs/INA-DRG claims during KRIS implementation. A systematic literature review using descriptive qualitative analysis was conducted across PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. From 205 initially identified articles, five primary studies were included. Significant weaknesses were found in SIMRS integration, data quality, and claim verification that increased fraud risk. BPJS Kesehatan data indicated potential fraud amounting to IDR 866.8 billion was successfully prevented in 2023. A negative tariff disparity averaging IDR 3,036,855.37 (36.66%) was identified for Caesarean section cases. Fingerprint-based verification technology reduced fraud to 0.01% in one facility. An integrated and reliable SIMRS supported by verification technology plays a strategic role in preventing INA-CBGs/INA-DRG claim fraud and supporting effective KRIS implementation.
Student Smoking Behavior in the Implementation of the Smoke-Free Area Policy at SMA Negeri 1 Palu Arwan Arwan; Firmansyah; Sadli Syam; Herman; Rasyika Nurul Fadjriah; Sendhy Krisnasari; Khairunnisaa; Mohammad Fikri
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 3: July 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11243

Abstract

Smoking behavior is defined as the activity of inhaling smoke from cigarettes made of rolled dried tobacco leaves that are burned and subsequently exhaled by the individual. Smoking behavior is considered a public health issue that contributes to various health problems and even death, affecting both active smokers and passive smokers who are exposed to cigarette smoke. Smoking behavior among adolescents is no longer a new phenomenon. Low self-motivation to quit smoking, along with environmental and peer influences, are factors that make it difficult for individuals to stop smoking. This study aimed to identify students’ smoking behavior in the implementation of the Smoke-Free Area policy at SMA Negeri 1 Palu. The study employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. A total of 10 informants participated in this study. Data were managed using matrix analysis techniques. The findings indicated that students’ knowledge regarding the harmful effects of smoking was relatively good. However, students’ attitudes toward peer invitations to smoke were still inadequate, as some students continued to accept such invitations. In addition, the availability of facilities and opportunities that enabled students to obtain cigarettes, such as using pocket money provided by parents or receiving cigarettes from friends, also supported smoking behavior. On the other hand, support from certain peers in the form of advice and encouragement helped male adolescents avoid smoking behavior.
Implementation of Health Education to Improve Adolescent Girls' Knowledge of the Importance of Iron Supplement Tablet Consumption at SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo City Sitti Rahmadiva Resita; Ani Retni; Inne Ariane Gobel
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 2: April 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i2.11331

Abstract

Adolescent girls are a vulnerable group for anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia, due to menstrual blood loss, an unbalanced diet, and low compliance with iron supplementation. Anemia in adolescent girls can lead to decreased concentration, fatigue, and long-term health problems. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on increasing adolescent girls' knowledge about the importance of iron supplementation at SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo City. This study used the following method: almost experimental with design pretest–posttest. The research population was all female adolescents at SMP Negeri 2, Gorontalo City, with a sample of 74 respondents selected using the technique purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using the paired t-test. The results of the study showed that before the health education, most respondents had a low level of knowledge (45.9%), whereas after the health education, the majority of respondents had a good level of knowledge (62.2%). The test results paired t-test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). This study concluded that health education significantly impacted the knowledge of adolescent girls. Schools and health workers are advised to continuously improve health education programs to prevent anemia in adolescent girls.
The Relationship Between Maternal Knowledge and Family Support with Exclusive Breastfeeding in Tataaran II Village Zefanya Claister Supit; Nancy S. Bawiling; Tika Bela Sari
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) (Special Issue) - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) - July 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11373

Abstract

This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and family support with exclusive breastfeeding for infants under 6 months in Tataaran II Village. The type of research used is a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all mothers who have infants aged 0–11 months in the working area of the Integrated Health Service Post (Posyandu) in Tataaran II Village with a sample of 97 respondents taken using the total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that 32 people (32.99%) gave exclusive breastfeeding to their babies, meanwhile, the majority of respondents, 65 people (67.01%) did not give exclusive breastfeeding. The level of knowledge of the majority of mothers was in the sufficient category, namely 68 people (70.10%), while 26 people (26.80%) had knowledge in the good category, and only 3 people (3.09%) had insufficient knowledge. Furthermore, 87 respondents (89.69%) received good family support, while 10 respondents (10.31%) reported adequate family support, and no respondents reported inadequate family support. The bivariate analysis concluded that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding, but no significant relationship between family support and exclusive breastfeeding.
Overview of the Level of Knowledge About Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Students in Grades VIII-2 SMP Negeri 1 Pancur Batu Irfan Sazali Nasution; Dilla Ramadhani; Zahara Ramadani; Sari Nur Lyza; Putri Suci Ramadhani Sirait; Della Putri; Widia Indah Utami; Sukma Ramadini
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 3: July 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11515

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is a type of non-communicable disease and is one of the diseases that need to be considered. can be influenced by an unhealthy lifestyle from adolescence. This study aims to uncover students' understanding of factors that can increase the risk of coronary heart disease at SMP Negeri 1 Pancur Batu. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive design and a cross-sectional approach. The research sample amounted to 25 students in grades VIII-2 who were selected using the total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing 15 questions about risk factors for coronary heart disease. The results showed that the majority of respondents were at the level of knowledge in the good category, which reached 16 students (64%), while the sufficient category included 7 students (28%), and the category lacked 2 students (8%). However, risky behaviors such as lack of exercise, consumption of fast food, late sleep, and excessive use of gadgets were still found. The conclusion of this study shows that the level of students' knowledge about the factors that increase the likelihood of coronary heart disease is considered adequate, but a healthy lifestyle still needs to be improved by providing health education from an early age.
Salmonella sp. Contamination in Broiler Chicken Meat at Gorontalo Central Market: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Approach Tri Septian Maksum; Hazarul Aswad
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 3: July 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11525

Abstract

Gorontalo Central Market is the largest marketplace for broiler chicken meat sales in Gorontalo. Contamination of broiler chicken meat may occur during storage or at the point of sale (market) and can proliferate if the cooking process is inadequate. Laboratory test results revealed the presence of Salmonella sp. in broiler chicken meat at levels exceeding the maximum permissible limits for microbial contamination in food. This study aimed to assess the quantitative health risk posed by Salmonella sp. contamination in broiler chicken meat sold at Gorontalo Central Market. This was a descriptive observational study employing a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) approach. The study samples consisted of seven broiler chicken meat samples collected from seven meat stalls at Gorontalo Central Market and 85 consumers who purchased and consumed broiler chicken meat sold at the market. Respondents were selected using an accidental sampling technique. The results showed that broiler chicken meat sold at Gorontalo Central Market contained Salmonella sp. ranging from 1.4e3 to 3.0e5 CFU/g. Health risk assessment indicated that, among the seven meat stalls evaluated, five were classified as high-risk (Pinf/day/meal = 3.83–4.85), while two stalls were classified as no risk (Pinf/day/meal = 0). It is recommended that vendors improve sanitation practices at their selling locations and maintain proper personal hygiene to reduce the potential for pathogenic microbial contamination.

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