Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin
Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin is a multidisciplinary journal published by Jayapangus Press (Publisher of Perkumpulan Pengelola Jurnal Pendidikan Tinggi Hindu). Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin is published thrice a year in April, August, December is a peer reviewed, open access, scientific and scholarly journal which publishes research papers, review papers, case reports, case studies, books review, thesis, dissertation works, etc. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: 1. Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. 2. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology 3. Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development 4. Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics 5. Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry 6. Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries 7. Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
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<![CDATA[The Relationship Between Plankton Diversity and Water Quality in Aquaculture Ponds at Tani Mandiri Farm, Sambora Village, Mempawah Regency ]]>
<![CDATA[Deski Fitri Novianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Widadi Padmarsari Soetignya]]>;
<![CDATA[Yunita Magrima Anzani]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5545
<![CDATA[Plankton diversity serves as a biological indicator of water quality in aquaculture ponds. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between plankton diversity and water quality parameters in catfish, pangasius, and tilapia aquaculture ponds in Sambora Village, Mempawah Regency. The research was conducted over a three-month period (July-September 2025) using a field survey approach involving periodic plankton sampling and water quality measurements. The observed water quality parameters included temperature, water transparency, pH, nitrate, total phosphate, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), while plankton communities were assessed based on abundance, diversity, evenness, and dominance indices. The results revealed 22 phytoplankton genera representing seven phyla and four zooplankton taxa, with Anabaena sp. as the dominant phytoplankton taxon. Water quality varied among ponds, with the catfish and pangasius ponds generally characterized by lower pH and water transparency and higher nutrient concentrations than the tilapia pond, while relatively high BOD values were recorded across the three ponds. Correlation analysis indicated that pH was the only water quality parameter significantly associated with plankton diversity. These findings provide baseline information for the application of plankton as a bioindicator of water quality in traditional freshwater aquaculture ponds.]]>
<![CDATA[Hubungan Penggunaan Rokok Elektrik Dan Perilaku Merokok Konvensional Dengan Fungsi Kognitif Pada Pelajar SMAN 90 Jakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Flavius Vania]]>;
<![CDATA[David Tjahyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5668
<![CDATA[Conventional smoking behavior and e-cigarette use among adolescents continue to increase and have the potential to decrease cognitive function, particularly concentration, memory, and learning ability. High school adolescents are an age group undergoing important brain development, so nicotine exposure from both conventional and e-cigarettes can impact cognitive function and academic achievement. This study aims to determine the relationship between conventional smoking behavior and e-cigarette use and cognitive function in high school students. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at SMAN 90 in April 2026, with a sample of 138 12th-grade students selected using simple random sampling. Data on conventional smoking behavior and e-cigarette use were collected using the Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ), while cognitive function was assessed using the Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina). Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The study showed a significant relationship between conventional smoking behavior and cognitive function in high school students (p<0.001). E-cigarette use was also significantly associated with decreased cognitive function in high school students (p<0.001). Students with higher levels of smoking dependence tended to have lower cognitive function scores than non-smokers. There is a relationship between conventional smoking behavior and e-cigarette use and cognitive function in high school students. Efforts to educate and prevent smoking among adolescents need to be increased to maintain cognitive health and academic achievement.]]>
<![CDATA[Model Komunikasi Tokoh Agama Buddha Dalam Internalisasi Etika dan Penguatan Integrasi Sosial Umat Buddha di Dusun Buling, Wonogiri ]]>
<![CDATA[Sutrisno Sutrisno]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulaiman Sulaiman]]>;
<![CDATA[Situ Asih]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5686
<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the communication models employed by Buddhist religious leaders in conveying and internalizing Buddhist ethical values and their contribution to strengthening the social integration of Buddhists in Buling Hamlet, Bubakan Village, Girimarto District, Wonogiri Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with a field research design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, with informants selected purposively based on their involvement in religious activities and knowledge of the social life of the Buddhist community. Data were analyzed through data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that Buddhist religious leaders employ four communication models: persuasive communication based on role modeling, dialogic-participatory communication, narrative communication through traditional stories, and contextual communication utilizing digital media. These models are applied to adapt the delivery of ethical values to the characteristics and needs of the community, particularly younger generations. The internalization of ethical values is reflected in mutual respect, tolerance, concern for others, cooperation, communication-based conflict resolution, and participation in community social activities. Thus, communication by religious leaders functions not only as a means of conveying religious teachings but also as a process of shaping social behavior that supports harmonious relationships between Buddhists and the surrounding community. Ethical, contextual, and participatory communication models play an important role in strengthening social integration among Buddhists in Buling Hamlet.]]>
<![CDATA[Reformasi Penyelesaian Perkara Koneksitas Pasca Pembaruan KUHAP: Perspektif Peradilan Umum dan Militer ]]>
<![CDATA[Sujono Sujono]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizki Rizki]]>;
<![CDATA[Wanto Wanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5696
<![CDATA[A connected criminal case arises when an offence is jointly committed by persons subject to the general and military court jurisdictions. This study examines the relationship between criminal participation and the connected-case mechanism and formulates a settlement model following the enactment of Law Number 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code. The study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials consist of relevant legislation and judicial decisions, while secondary materials include journal articles, books, and legal doctrines; tertiary materials are used only to assist terminology searches. The study finds that participation constitutes the substantive basis for identifying each offender’s role and criminal liability, whereas connected jurisdiction constitutes a procedural mechanism for determining the forum and procedure when offenders fall under different jurisdictions. The new Criminal Procedure Code establishes the general court as the primary forum, simplifies joint investigation, and strengthens coordination between public prosecutors and military prosecutors. However, inconsistencies with Law Number 31 of 1997 on Military Justice remain a normative gap. This study proposes objective parameters for determining the predominant harm and a seven-stage coordination model covering offender identification, investigation, forum determination, prosecution, trial, and execution of judgment. The novelty lies in synthesising the new Criminal Procedure Code, the harmonisation problem with military procedural law, and operational parameters for determining the connected-case forum.]]>
<![CDATA[Korelasi Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit Dengan Derajat Keparahan Demam Dengue Pada Anak ]]>
<![CDATA[Putri Suspita Faizal]]>;
<![CDATA[David Tjahyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5689
<![CDATA[Dengue fever in children remains an important health problem due to the risk of rapid progression to a critical phase. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easily obtainable inflammatory marker that has been proposed to reflect disease severity, although previous findings remain inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between NLR and the severity of dengue fever in pediatric patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 48 medical records of children aged 1–18 years who were diagnosed with dengue fever and treated at UKI General Hospital from January 2023 to October 2025. The sample was picked by using consecutive non-random sampling. The analyzed variables included neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, NLR value, and disease severity classified according to the World Health Organization 2009 criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using a Spearman correlation test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The majority of patients were male, with a mean age of 9.29 years. The mean NLR value was 3.28, with a median of 2.59 and a range of 0.28–10.38. Most cases were classified as dengue with warning signs, and no cases of severe dengue were identified. Correlation analysis showed no significant association between NLR and dengue severity (r = 0.094; p = 0.527). In conclusion, NLR was not significantly associated with disease severity and therefore cannot be used as a single predictive indicator of dengue fever severity in pediatric patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Reaktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Dalam Mengatasi Polarisasi Digital di Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Kholis Majid]]>;
<![CDATA[Afthon Yazid]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5612
<![CDATA[The polarization of opinion in the digital space has posed a risk to social cohesion and the integrity of the Indonesian nation. Digital transformation has changed the way democracy and social relations are conducted. This study aims to examine the juridical construction of digital polarization in the Indonesian legal framework, the threat of digital polarization to the values of national unity, and the concept of reactualization of Pancasila values to overcome digital polarization. This research uses normative legal methods with legislative, conceptual, and philosophical approaches. The collection of research legal materials was carried out through literature studies, then analyzed prescriptively. This research reveals that the regulation of digital polarization in Indonesia has a normative foundation. Digital polarization has been proven to threaten the implementation of Pancasila values and has an impact on declining the quality of public deliberation, weakening social cohesion, and shifting people's orientation from national identity to group identity. The reactualization of Pancasila values is realized through the harmonization of regulations, strengthening accountable digital platform governance, increasing digital literacy and digital citizenship, and collaboration between the government, digital platform operators, educational institutions, civil society, and the public as users of digital space.]]>
<![CDATA[Yurisdiksi Pengadilan Militer Terhadap Tindak Pidana Umum yang Dilakukan Prajurit TNI Aktif: Analisis Perkara Andrie Yunus ]]>
<![CDATA[Wanto Wanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Bambang W]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jayapangus Press ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5719
<![CDATA[The acid attack against KontraS activist Andrie Yunus raises a jurisdictional problem concerning whether active soldiers who commit ordinary crimes should be tried by a military or general court. This article examines the legality of the jurisdiction of Military Court II-08 Jakarta in Decision Number 70-K/PM II-08/AL/IV/2026 and evaluates the quality of the adjudication through legal certainty, procedural justice, transparency, victim protection, and judicial accountability. The study employs normative juridical research using statute, conceptual, and case approaches. The primary legal materials consist of the 1945 Constitution, the Military Courts Law, the TNI Law as amended in 2025, the national Criminal Code, the new Criminal Procedure Code, and the court decision. The analysis applies a two-layer test: first, the legality of the forum based on absolute and relative jurisdiction, the relationship between the Military Courts Law and the TNI Law, and the concept of connection between jurisdictions; second, the quality of adjudication reflected in the reasoning and procedural record of the judgment. The findings show that, under the ius constitutum applicable to the case, the military court still had a statutory basis to exercise jurisdiction because the defendants were active soldiers when the offence was committed. At the same time, the 2025 TNI amendment expresses an ius constituendum direction toward general-court jurisdiction for ordinary crimes. The judgment records formal safeguards of due process and procedural accountability, while the available record is more limited for assessing substantive transparency and the adequacy of victim protection. Harmonisation of the military justice framework is therefore necessary to clarify the boundary between military and general jurisdiction.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemanfaatan TV Edukasi Sebagai Media Audio-Visual Dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Baca Siswa Kelas IV SDN 2 Sumberharjo: Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif ]]>
<![CDATA[Nazal Aqsa Rachma Yudha]]>;
<![CDATA[Situ Asih]]>;
<![CDATA[Prihadi Dwi Hatmono]]>;
<![CDATA[Hesti Sadtyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5749
<![CDATA[Students' reading interest in elementary school is an important indicator of successful literacy learning. Limited variation in teaching methods and instructional media is often associated with low reading interest among students. Educational television, as a form of audio-visual instructional media, offers considerable potential for creating an engaging and contextual learning experience. This study examines the use of educational television as an audio-visual instructional medium in fostering the reading interest of fourth-grade students at SDN 2 Sumberharjo. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, involving one fourth-grade teacher and five fourth-grade students as research participants. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show indications of increased student attention, engagement, and enthusiasm during reading activities following the use of educational television, and suggest that audio-visual presentations helped students construct a more concrete understanding of textual content before reading. Given the limited number of participants and the absence of a validated measurement instrument, these findings should be interpreted as contextual indications of change rather than as evidence of a causal effect. Educational television, used as an audio-visual instructional medium, appears to hold a supportive role in fostering reading interest among elementary school students.]]>
<![CDATA[Penerapan Permainan Estafet Berbasis Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Matematika dan Keterampilan Kolaborasi Pada Materi Bilangan Cacah Kelas III SD Negeri Tamanan Kota Kediri ]]>
<![CDATA[Yolanda Surya Rani]]>;
<![CDATA[Erwin Putera Permana]]>;
<![CDATA[Reni Purnamasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5769
<![CDATA[This study aimed to improve students’ mathematics learning interest and collaboration skills in learning whole numbers through a relay game integrated with Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This classroom action research, based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, was conducted in two cycles involving 27 students of Class IIIB at SD Negeri Tamanan Kota Kediri from August 11 to September 15, 2026. Each cycle consisted of three meetings; the first meeting of Cycle I involved group discussions using student worksheets, while the relay game was implemented in the following five meetings. Data on mathematics learning interest were collected using a 24-item questionnaire, while collaboration skills were assessed using an observation sheet covering three aspects, and the data were analyzed descriptively. The success criterion for learning interest was determined based on the mean interest score reaching the high category, with a score range of 72–96. Before the intervention, 16 students (59.3%) had low learning interest, none had high learning interest, and the mean collaboration score was 41.36. In Cycle I, no students had low learning interest, 20 students (74.1%) had moderate learning interest, and 7 students (25.9%) had high learning interest, with a mean collaboration score of 55.25 (fair). In Cycle II, 18 students (66.7%) had high learning interest and 9 students (33.3%) had moderate learning interest, with a mean collaboration score of 82.72 (good), indicating that the predetermined success criteria were achieved. The descriptive improvement occurred alongside several refinements to the intervention, including assigning relay turns based on students’ numbers or draws, providing appreciation to all groups, varying the learning media, and providing individual assistance. Because there was no comparison class and the learning materials differed across meetings, the improvement cannot be attributed solely to the relay game. The relay game integrated with PBL can serve as an alternative instructional approach for improving elementary school students’ learning interest and collaboration.]]>
<![CDATA[Penerapan Teams Games Tournament Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Prosedural dan Berpikir Kritis Matematika Murid Kelas V Sekolah Dasar ]]>
<![CDATA[Anisa Kristanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Erwin Putera Permana]]>;
<![CDATA[Ria Probo Retno]]>
<![CDATA[ Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) ]]>
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DOI: 10.37329/metta.v6i3.5770
<![CDATA[This study aims to improve the procedural ability and mathematical critical thinking ability of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Tamanan through the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model. This research was motivated by initial observations indicating low procedural and critical thinking abilities in whole-number arithmetic operations up to 100,000; for procedural ability, only 3 of 27 students (11%) reached the Learning Objective Achievement Criteria (KKTP) of 85 at baseline (pre-cycle diagnostic test), with a class average score of 44.1, while the mean critical thinking score at baseline was 41.9. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) referring to the Kemmis and McTaggart model, conducted in two cycles with 27 students as subjects. Data were collected through tests and observations, then analyzed descriptively using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the implementation of TGT through a series of activities—Soal Bergandengan, Hidden Math, Audiovisual Story Problems, Math Puzzle, and Flip Bottle Mario Challenge—was followed by an improvement in both abilities under study. The classical mastery of procedural ability increased from 29.6% in Cycle I to 55.6% in Cycle II, while the percentage of students in the Good or Very Good category for critical thinking ability increased from 44.4% to 100%. Both abilities improved descriptively, but after two cycles only the success indicator for critical thinking ability was achieved, while the indicator for procedural ability was not yet achieved, requiring further follow-up.]]>
