Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
1,727 Documents
<![CDATA[DEVELOPMENT OF AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS) VIOLATION EARLY WARNING SYSTEM THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF CNN–YOLOV8–BASED SMART CAMERAS IN THE COMPANY XYZ ]]>
<![CDATA[Maula Aringga Maghfur]]>;
<![CDATA[Tranggono]]>;
<![CDATA[Mega Cattleya Prameswari Annissa Islami]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a crucial aspect of industrial warehouse operations that involve high workplace risk, particularly regarding compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This study aims to develop an early warning system for OHS violations through the integration of smart cameras based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and the You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) algorithm to automatically and real-time detect PPE non- compliance in the Company XYZ. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method, consisting of needs analysis, system design, program coding, testing, as well as system implementation and maintenance. The detection objects include compliant and non-compliant PPE classes (hardhat, mask, and safety vest) and neutral objects, namely persons, safety cones, vehicles, and machinery. Experimental results show a significant improvement in model performance, with precision increasing from approximately 0.6 to 0.9, recall from 0.3 to 0.7, mAP@0.5 from 0.3 to 0.8, and mAP@0.5–0.95 from 0.1 to 0.5 at the 100th epoch. These results indicate that the proposed system can reliably detect PPE violations under dynamic working conditions and support the formulation of measurable internal OHS regulations and sanction mechanisms.]]>
<![CDATA[TAX COMPLIANCE IS INFLUENCED BY ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORMS, AND PERCEIVED BEHAVIORAL CONTROL WITH COMPLIANCE INTENTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE IN THE MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES (MSE) SECTOR IN EAST JAKARTA ]]>
<![CDATA[Devy Permatasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Deden Tarmidi]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on tax compliance, with compliance intention acting as a mediating variable among Micro and Small Industries (MSIs) in East Jakarta. Low tax compliance remains a major challenge in increasing government revenue, particularly in the MSI sector, which is characterized by diverse administrative capacities and varying levels of tax understanding. This research employs a quantitative approach based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which explains that compliance behavior is influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention as the primary determinant of actual behavior. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to MSI taxpayers and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results indicate that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively influence compliance intention. Furthermore, compliance intention has a positive and significant effect on actual tax compliance behavior. Compliance intention also plays a mediating role in strengthening the relationship between these three psychological factors and tax compliance. These findings suggest that improving tax compliance is not solely determined by regulations and sanctions, but is also influenced by psychological, social, and perceived capability factors of taxpayers in fulfilling their tax obligations. This study provides theoretical contributions to the development of the Theory of Planned Behavior in the context of taxation within the MSI sector and offers practical implications for tax authorities in designing behavior-based policies through education, socialization, and simplification of tax administration to sustainably enhance tax compliance.]]>
<![CDATA[JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF FORCE MAJEURE CONDITIONS AS A REASON FOR THE FAILURE TO PERFORM THE CONTENTS OF THE AGREEMENT BY THE LESSOR (A STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 130/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Mdn) ]]>
<![CDATA[Maria Simamora]]>;
<![CDATA[Roida Nababan]]>;
<![CDATA[Besty Habeahan]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The occurrence of force majeure in an agreement gives rise to legal consequences concerning the performance of the parties’ obligations and potential losses arising from the agreement. In practice, force majeure is often invoked as a defense to avoid liability for breach of contract, including in lease agreements. In Decision Number 130/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mdn, the defendant failed to carry out the agreed renovation of a commercial building and invoked the Covid-19 pandemic as force majeure. This claim raises legal issues regarding whether the elements of force majeure were fulfilled and the limits of the legal liability borne by the invoking party. The aim of the present research is to evaluate the application of force majeure as a defense against contract violations and to look at the judges' legal rationale in reaching their decision. The study is descriptive in nature, applying a normative legal approach with statute and case approaches, and is qualitatively investigated through library research. Since there is no causal connection between the Covid-19 pandemic and the renovation obligation that was due before it happened, the findings show that the pandemic does not meet the requirements of force majeure as outlined in Articles 1244 and 1245 of the Indonesian Civil Code. The defendant’s financial difficulties were categorized as business risks. The decision reaffirms the principles of pacta sunt servanda, good faith, and the burden of proof on the party invoking force majeure. Keywords: Lease Agreement, Breach of Contract, Force Majeure]]>
<![CDATA[STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TOFU DUMP AND OKRA FLOUR SUBSTITUTION ON THE CONTENT OFSTUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TOFU DUMP AND OKRA FLOUR SUBSTITUTION ON THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN, FIBER, F PROTEIN, FIBER, FAT, CARBOHYDRATE, AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF CHICKEN NUGGET ]]>
<![CDATA[Jessica Novanti Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuyun Yuniati]]>;
<![CDATA[Retnani Rahmiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[The use of alternative plant-based food ingredients in processed meat products has the potential to increase nutritional value while diversifying raw materials . This study aims to analyze the effect of tofu dregs and okra flour substitution on the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of chicken nuggets and determine the best formulation based on effectiveness testing. The study was conducted as a laboratory experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four levels of substitution of tofu dregs and okra flour (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%), each repeated three times. The chemical parameters analyzed included protein (Kjeldahl), fat (Soxhlet), fiber (gravimetric), and carbohydrate (by difference) levels . Organoleptic tests were conducted using the hedonic method by 20 trained panelists on color, aroma, taste, and texture attributes. Chemical data were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% level and further tests, while organoleptic data were analyzed using the Friedman test. The results showed that the substitution of tofu dregs and okra flour significantly affected the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of chicken nuggets. Increasing the substitution level significantly increased protein and fiber levels and decreased fat and carbohydrate levels, but decreased the level of panelist acceptance of sensory attributes. Based on the effectiveness test, the treatment with the highest substitution showed the best total effectiveness value due to the superiority of nutritional parameters, although the control treatment had the highest organoleptic acceptance. Thus, the substitution of tofu dregs and okra flour has the potential to be used to increase the nutritional value of chicken nuggets, while still paying attention to formulation optimization to maintain the sensory quality of the product.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF THE PROPORTION OF SORGUM FLOUR (Sorghum bicolor) AND JACKFRUIT SEED FLOUR (Artocarpus heterophyllus) ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF CRISPY GLUTEN FREE BROWNIES ]]>
<![CDATA[Angelie Lavionda]]>;
<![CDATA[Bambang Sigit Sucahyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Retnani Rahmiati]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuda Agustian]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[Crispy brownies are a popular bakery product innovation due to their crispy texture and distinctive taste. With the increasing interest in gluten-free foods, the use of local non-wheat raw materials such as sorghum flour (Sorghum bicolor) and jackfruit seed flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is important to develop as an alternative to wheat flour. Both ingredients have the potential to support the physicochemical and organoleptic quality of the product. This study aims to examine the effect of variations in the proportion of the two flours and determine the optimal formulation of gluten-free crispy brownies . The study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor , namely the difference in the concentration of the combination of sorghum flour and jackfruit seed flour. The treatment consisted of 5 levels, namely P1 (90 %: 10%), P2 (80%: 20%), P3 (70%: 30%), P4 (60%: 40%), and P5 (50%: 50%), each treatment was repeated 3 times. The parameters tested included water content, protein content, breaking strength test, and organoleptic tests (color, aroma, taste , texture). Data were analyzed using parametric statistics through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the help of SPSS 24 software. If there were significant differences between treatments, the analysis was continued using the Tuckey test . Organoleptic data with the hedonic test method based on the panelists' level of preference were tested with Kruskal Wallis. The results showed that variations in the proportion of the two flours did not have a significant effect ($p>0.05$) on all parameters tested, including water content, protein content, breaking strength, and organoleptic attributes (color, aroma, taste, and texture). All treatments had organoleptic characteristics in the "Neutral" category with an average score ranging from 3.44 to 3.98. Based on the effectiveness test, treatment P1 (90% sorghum flour: 10% jackfruit seed flour) was determined as the best formulation with the highest Yield Value (NH) of 0.738, which had a water content of 2.41%, a protein content of 7.38%, a breaking strength of 441.73 gf, and organoleptic scores of color 3.86, taste 3.84, aroma 3.78, and texture 3.98.]]>
<![CDATA[HEAD MANAGEMENT SCHOOLS IN IMPLEMENTING INCLUSIVE SCHOOLS IN STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF GUGUS III, DEWANTARA DISTRICT REGENCY NORTH ACEH ]]>
<![CDATA[Zahara]]>;
<![CDATA[Sonny Muhammad Ikhsan Mangkuwinata]]>;
<![CDATA[Iskandar Idris]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study aims to describe the Principal's Management in Implementing Inclusive Schools in State Elementary Schools Cluster III, Dewantara District, West Java Regency. North Aceh and the supporting and inhibiting factors of Principal Management in Implementing Inclusive Schools in State Elementary Schools Cluster III, Dewantara District, Aceh North Aceh. This research is a descriptive study using qualitative methods with a phenomenon approach or direct observation and interaction in the field. The subjects in This research is the principal and several teachers who teach at inclusive class. Technique collection data using interviews, observations, and also documentation studies. Data presentation analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and documentation. data And withdrawal conclusion to participants in field without the existence of engineering. Meanwhile, the data validity test uses the criteria of degree of trust, transferability, dependence And certainty participants as source person. Results research shows that (1) Principal Management in Implementing Inclusive Schools in State Elementary Schools Cluster III, District Dewantara Regency Aceh North Already Can it is said Good. Can seen from the management process carried out with POAC elements, namely planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating. (2) supporting factors, namely laws that regulate about school inclusive, and factor inhibitors, namely unavailability or inadequate supporting facilities and infrastructure, support from the local community and accompanying teachers who are not graduates of inclusive education for students with special needs.]]>
<![CDATA[PERFORMANCE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND SPATIAL SOUTH BOLAANG MONGGONDOW REGENCY IN HANDLING ROAD AND BRIDGE INFRASTRUCTURE ]]>
<![CDATA[Suja, Siti Fatima]]>;
<![CDATA[Susila, Ismet]]>;
<![CDATA[Isa, Rusli]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the performance of the Department of Public Works and the South Bolaang Mongondow District regarding the management of road and bridge infrastructure, viewed from a normative legal perspective. It evaluates the alignment of these agencies' duties with the mandates of Law Number 2 of 2022 and other technical regulations. Utilizing normative legal research methods, including statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes a range of secondary data comprising both primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that the performance of these services encounters significant legal challenges, particularly concerning the ambiguous legal status of district roads, which complicates budget allocation, alongside inflexible procurement procedures that impede timely responses to infrastructure damage. Furthermore, a disparity exists between physical development and the legal protection of infrastructure due to inadequate local regulations regulating vehicle loads. The study underscores the necessity to bolster local regulations and enhance the technical-juridical capabilities of relevant authorities to ensure that infrastructure development is not only physically secure but also legally accountable, thus contributing to the sustainability of regional accessibility in South Bolaang Mongondow Regency.]]>
<![CDATA[THE INFLUENCE OF RECITATION METHOD, LEARNING MOTIVATION, AND TIME MANAGEMENT ON STUDENT LEARNING INDEPENDENCE IN ECONOMIC SUBJECT ]]>
<![CDATA[Latiful HIdayat]]>;
<![CDATA[Lilik Sri Hariani]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[Learning independence is a crucial aspect of the human resource development process in education. This study aims to explore the influence of the recitation method, learning motivation, and time management on the learning independence of students in economic subjects at MAN Kota Pasuruan. Using an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach, data were collected from 165 tenth-grade students selected through proportional random sampling. Data collection utilized Likert-scale questionnaires validated for reliability and validity. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The results of the simultaneous test (F-test) showed a significant influence of all three independent variables on learning independence (p < 0.001). Individually, the t-test results revealed that time management has the most dominant positive influence (coefficient 0.374), followed by the recitation method (0.289) and learning motivation (0.274). The R-square value of 0.620 indicates that these variables collectively explain 62% of the variance in student independence. These findings underscore the importance of integrating structured assignments, psychological encouragement, and time-management skills to foster independent learners.]]>
<![CDATA[IMPLICATIONS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT'S DECISION ON THE SEPARATION OF NATIONAL AND LOCAL ELECTIONS FOR INDONESIAN ELECTION LAW POLITICS ]]>
<![CDATA[Alasman Mpesau]]>;
<![CDATA[Ruslan]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[Constitutional Court Decision Number 135/PUU-XXII/2024 separates national and local elections with a specific time interval, having implications for the Indonesian electoral system and electoral law policy. This study aims to normatively analyze the impact of this decision on the principle of election simultaneity, transition of terms of office, and future electoral law design. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach, case studies, conceptual and comparative studies of the democratic transitions of Germany and South Africa. The results show that Constitutional Court Decision 135 reflects the approach of judicial activism and living constitution, and does not conflict with the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This separation of elections requires legal reform through harmonization of the Election Law and Regional Elections with an Omnibus Law approach. In addition, it is necessary to refine the electoral system towards a mixed-member proportional model to be more representative and democratic. This decision is an important foundation for reforming electoral law politics that is constitutional, adaptive, and responsive to the dynamics of Indonesian democracy.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF CELERY LEAF EXTRACT (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) ON TNF-Α, IL-6 AND MDA LEVELS IN HYPERPIGMENTED WISTAR RATS (RATTUS NOVERGIUS SP.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Dina R. Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Jekson M. Siahaan]]>;
<![CDATA[Endy Juli Anto]]>;
<![CDATA[Syafruddin Ilyas]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) on hyperpigmented Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus sp.) induced by Azidothymidine (AZT). Celery leaves are known to contain bioactive compounds which may serve as potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. About 30 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups, including a positive control, a negative control, and groups treated with various doses (1%, 3% and 5%) of celery leaf extract. The study examined inflammation indicators such as MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6. Celery leaf extract significantly (P<0.001) reduced MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in rats, demonstrating its capacity to attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress produced by AZT. With the increase in celery leaf extract concentration from 1% to 5%, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels decreased from 42.083 ± 3.49 to 28.277 ± 10.27 nmol/ml, 14.588 ± 3.38 to 4.539 ± 1.40 nmol/ml and 667.614 ± 143.41 to 326.920 ± 62.72 nmol/ml respectively. Histopathological examinations demonstrated improvements in skin tissues damaged by inflammation. The results indicate that an ethanol extract of celery leaves has the potential to be an efficient anti-inflammatory drug, notably in lowering AZT-induced inflammation and hyperpigmentation. Further research is required to explore its clinical applicability in controlling inflammatory diseases in human.]]>
