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Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran (Journal of Medical Science)
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 1978662X     EISSN : 27154467     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26891/JIK
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Medical Science receives a script from health and medical lecturer, undergraduate, residents, hospital staff and those who interested in writing scientific papers. The scientific articles posted on JIK include: literature reviews, research article, case report and EBCR (Evidence Based Case Report). Article preferably basic science of medicine and health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Review dan Referensi, Kedokteran
Articles 272 Documents
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Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor di Regio Bahu yang menyerupai Undifferentiated Carcinoma: Tantangan Diagnostik Handriyani, Fitri Nur; Tofrizal, Tofrizal; Mayorita, Pamelia
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 19, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v19i1.2025.90-95

Abstract

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare and aggressive group of neoplasms arising from the peripheral nervous system sheath cells (Schwann cells or perineurial cells). Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are typically seen in patients aged 20–50 years, and the most common sites are the trunk and extremities. This case highlights the diagnostic complexity and distinguishes MPNST from undifferentiated carcinoma. We present a case report of a 59-year-old male patient who presented with a rapidly growing mass in the right shoulder for six months. Clinical examination on his shoulder showed a solid mass, lobulated and ulcerated, and an irregular margin measuring 16x12x5 cm. A thoracic MRI revealed a large mass, fusiform and lobulated, with dimensions of 15.02 x 15.81 x 12.65 cm. The patient underwent surgical incision biopsy of the mass. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations with S100 and cytokeratin (CK) markers were performed on this patient with MPNST results. The immunoprofile of MPNST showed focal positive staining for S100 marker and negative staining for CK marker. The diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor can be more challenging if the histopathological examination resembles a feature of undifferentiated carcinoma, like lobulated pattern and clustering of cells with round-oval nuclei. The role of immunohistochemical examination is very important to rule out differential diagnoses.
Analisis Bibliometrik : Mekanisme Aksi dan Efektifitas Flavonoid Terhadap Gagal Ginjal Mathar, Muhammad Ashhabul Kahfi; Linawati, Ni Made; Wahyuniari, Ida Ayu Ika; Widianti, I Gusti Ayu
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 19, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v19i1.2025.19-28

Abstract

Flavonoids have strong antioxidant properties, which can reduce cell damage that can worsen kidney function. By reducing cellular oxidation, flavonoids help protect the kidneys from damage and inflammation that can lead to kidney failure. In addition, flavonoids also have anti-inflammatory properties to reduce chronic inflammation in the kidneys. Inflammation plays a key role in diseases such as kidney injury, diabetes, asthma, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Diet can affect various stages of inflammation and can have a significant impact on several inflammatory diseases. Increasing scientific evidence suggests that polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, or chocolate, can have anti-inflammatory properties. This reason clearly proves the importance of flavonoid antioxidant activity in inflammation therapy. The method used in this literature review is a bibliometric analysis by searching data through the PubMed database, and Google Scholar and Scopus. The search results of 10 appropriate journals, found that flavonoid compounds can inhibit regulatory enzymes or transcription factors that are important for controlling mediators involved in inflammation. 
Evaluasi Penggunaan Kuis Interaktif Sistem Reproduksi Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Calon Peserta Ujian Kompetensi Mahasiswa Program Pendidikan Dokter (UKMPPD) Winarto, Winarto; Firdaus, Firdaus; Nazriati, Elda; Aditama, Hanna Shafira
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 19, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v19i1.2025.61-65

Abstract

Interactive quizzes are one of the most widely developed forms of e-learning in education. As interactive multimedia, interactive quizzes can impact the field of education. This study aims to determine the increase in student knowledge before and after using interactive quizzes as a learning medium and to identify the qualitative advantages and disadvantages of using interactive quizzes. This research is a mixed-method sequential explanatory study involving 20 student respondents at the comprehensive station for March 2022, using a total sampling technique. This study uses pre-test and post-test measurements to assess knowledge improvement and interviews to determine user acceptance. Measuring the mean value of the pre-test, 53.5, and the post-test value of 75.2, with the Wilcoxon test obtained a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000. Qualitative assessment of system, usage, and interaction aspects shows that this interactive quiz is easy to use, interesting, interactive, and valuable as a learning medium. The conclusion indicates that interactive quizzes are accepted as an independent learning medium and can increase the knowledge of their users.
Myasthenia Gravis with Thymoma Complication: Dilemmas and Prospective Anesthesiology Approach Jaya, Pelinggo; Ananda, Pratama; Anggraeni, Novita
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 19, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v19i1.2025.96-99

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction. Myasthenia Gravis occurs in 1:7500 individuals, mostly female and or Asian. Myasthenia gravis can later be complicated with thymoma, and by several indications might need an operative approach. The need for thymectomy while there is a preexisting neuromuscular anomaly in Myasthenia gravis becomes a dilemma when choosing the right anesthetic regimens. This case report aims to discuss findings and offer a possible anesthetic approach that can be considered for cases of Myasthenia gravis with thymoma complications. We received a referred female patient with main complaints of dyspnoea, which was suspected as lung cancer. After further investigation, we found that the patient has previously been diagnosed with Myasthenia gravis, but did not follow through with her treatment plan. We performed a CT scan and confirmed a suspected thymoma as a complication of her Myasthenia gravis. Tymectomy was performed afterwards under general anesthesia. Post-operative extubation was successful, and maintenance of Myasthenia gravis treatment was followed by a neurologist. MG with thymoma is a rare finding in our hospital. Myasthenia gravis causes neurologic anomalies in which patients require special consideration on choosing a proper anesthesia regimen, as general anesthesia and muscle relaxants can worsen respiratory depression. Developing A proper scoring and suitable management plan will enhance the outcome and quality of life. Currently, there are several known anesthetic and supportive medicine approaches to thymectomy in Myasthenia gravis patients, including alternative regimens with similar efficacy.
Chronic Energy Deficiency In Pregnancy is An Influential Factor In The Occurrence Of Stunting In Toddlers Nafisa, Triya Husna; Saptanto, Agus; Ratnaningrum, Kanti; Prihardini, Oky Rahma
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 19, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v19i1.2025.35-43

Abstract

Stunting refers to one of the health issues that often occurs in toddlers. A failure in growth brought on by chronic malnutrition and health issues during growth is known as stunting. Stunting can be caused by various factors. There have been many studies that discuss risk factors for stunting, but there are still differences in research results from various risk factors for stunting including maternal factors. The objective of this research is to analyze the influence of the maternal factors on the stunting’s prevalence in toddlers in the working site of Pakis Aji Health Center, Regency of Jepara. This is an analytic observational study using a case-control approach. The case group consists of stunted toddlers in the ages 24-59 months, while the control group consists of non-stunting toddlers between the age of 24 months and 59 months. The sampling method employed successive sampling. The research data included both primary and secondary data. Chi-square as well as logistic regression tests were used to analyze the topic. Result in this study show a significant effect of the history of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in mother’s pregnancy (p-value = 0.009; OR = 3.619) and employed mothers (p-value = 0.026; OR = 3.143) with the occurance of stunting in children aged 24-59 months. While maternal age during pregnancy, mother’s education level, history of hypertension in mother’s pregnancy, and history of anemia in mother’s pregnancy had not affect the occurance of stunting in toddlers. The results of multivariate analysis showed that a history of CED during pregnancy was the most influential factor in the occurrence of stunting. In conclusion, CED during pregnancy is the most influential maternal’s factors in the occurrence of stunting in toddlers.
Incidence Rate and Clinical Characteristics of Pterygium in Rumah Sakit Khusus Mata Masyarakat, South Sumatra Province Alma Putri Andani; Desi Oktariana; Ibrahim Ibrahim
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.79-85

Abstract

Pterygium grows widely in tropical regions. Consequently, Indonesia has a comparatively high incidence rate of pterygium. On the other hand, South Sumatera has the least amount of data collected about the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of pterygium. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of pterygium patients in Rumah Sakit Khusus Mata Masyarakat in South Sumatera Province from 2019 to 2022. Descriptive observational methods with retrospective cohort study were employed in this investigation. Using a purposive sampling strategy, the sample consisted of patients with pterygium identified from the medical records. The incidence rate of pterygium among patients of RS Khusus Mata Masyarakat was 0.023 (2.3%) or 23 cases/1000 people per year. The 152 pterygium patients included in this study were mostly female (59.9%), mostly between the ages of 61 and 70 (33.6%), and most of them worked indoors (65.1%). Most patients' visual acuity (VA) was 6/9 (15.8%). The location of pterygium was primarily nasal (87.2%), grade II (32.5%), unilateral lateralization (61.2%), clinical manifestation of foreign body sensation (45.1%), and astigmatism (29%). Pterygium was mainly found in females, 61-70 years old, having an indoor job, 6/9 VA, nasal location, grade II, unilateral lateralization, the clinical manifestation of foreign body, and having less astigmatism.
Literature Review The Effect of Structured Kegel Exercises on Levator Ani Muscle Tone Laysa Kasminata; Munawar Adhar Lubis; Edy Fakhrizal
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.1-10

Abstract

The levator ani muscle plays a crucial role in maintaining pelvic organ support and continence. Structured Kegel exercises, or pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), have been widely recommended to improve pelvic floor strength, but their specific effect on levator ani muscle tone remains underexplored. To evaluate the impact of structured Kegel exercise programs on the tone of the levator ani muscle based on recent literature. A literature review was conducted using 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024. Studies included randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and scoping reviews that examined structured PFMT and its effect on levator ani tone using various assessment tools, such as perineometry, ultrasonography, and electromyography. The majority of studies demonstrated a significant improvement in levator ani muscle tone following structured and supervised Kegel exercise regimens. Supervision, adherence, and exercise technique were critical to achieving optimal outcomes. Imaging and functional assessment tools consistently reported enhanced tone and pelvic floor support after intervention. Structured Kegel exercises are effective in improving levator ani muscle tone and should be incorporated into clinical protocols for preventing and managing pelvic floor dysfunctions. Further research is needed to assess long-term outcomes and standardize evaluation methods.
Understanding The Risk Factor of CTEV and Its Management at Primary Health Care Arnadi Zubir; Muhammad Wiranata; Ihdina Zahra; Fahrul Rozy; Wahyuning Lestari; Achmad Fikri
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.128-132

Abstract

Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) is a congenital deformity affecting the lower extremities. CTEV is classified into four components: Cavus, Adductus, Varus, and Equinus. Risk factors for CTEV are most commonly associated with twin pregnancies, with a higher incidence reported in monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins (32% vs. 2.9%). Other contributing factors include maternal smoking during pregnancy, which has been reported to increase the risk of CTEV by approximately 1.3–2 times. In addition, exposure to teratogenic drugs during pregnancy may disrupt fetal musculoskeletal and neuromuscular development, increasing the risk of CTEV by 1.5–3 times, particularly during the first trimester, thereby increasing the likelihood of congenital deformities of the lower extremities. The Ponsetti method has a high success rate, is minimally invasive, and is effective in improving foot function and deformity when performed early in suspected CTEV patients. A 12-month-old twin infant presented to the outpatient clinic with deformities in both lower extremities. History taking revealed oligohydramnios, tobacco exposure, and medication consumption during pregnancy. Management was performed using the Ponseti method, including serial casting correction and bracing with Dennis Brown splint shoes which implemented in primary health care. Early recognition of risk factors may reduce the risk and severity of CTEV.
Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on the Expression of Interleukin-6 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ariza Julia Paulina; Elmi Elmi; Nicko Pisceski Kusika Saputra; T Syarifah Dessi IS Assegaf; Dino Irawan; Fadhilla Maulany El Fajri; Maisarah Elfajri Putri; Sucitra Sucitra; Rahma Dhani; Arfianti Arfianti
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.50-58

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with self-renewal ability, low immunogenicity, homing, and immunomodulatory function; thus, they had great potential in regenerative medicine. Preconditioning of MSCs cultures is known to enhance their immunomodulatory effects in various clinical applications. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the viability and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in MSCs. Methods: Methods: MSCs were isolated from Wharton's jelly umbilical cord and were cultured using the explant method. MSCs at passage 3 were cultured on 6-well plates and were divided into four experimental groups: 1, 10, and 100 nM vitamin D3 supplementation groups and the control group (without vitamin D3 supplementation). After vitamin D3 supplementation for 24 h, viability was examined using the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK 8) assay, and IL-6 and VEGF mRNA expression was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: MSCs supplemented with vitamin D3 at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 nM for 24 h showed increased viability. Findings indicated that supplementation with vitamin D3 1 nM for 24 h significantly decreased IL-6 expression, whereas supplementation of vitamin D3 10 and 100 nM for 24 h increased IL-6 expression compared to the control group, but the difference were not significant (p=0.1883). Supplementation with vitamin D3 at 10 nM for 24 h significantly decreased VEGF expression compared to that in the control group. Vitamin D3 preconditioning modulated IL-6 and VEGF mRNA expression in UC-MSCs, suggesting potential effects on inflammatory and angiogenic pathways. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 supplementation modulated IL-6 and VEGF expression in UC-MSCs in a dose-dependent, non-linear manner.
Perbedaan Kecukupan Asupan Gizi Berdasarkan Status Anemia Pada Siswi SMA Negeri 4 di Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Kota Pekanbaru Wahyuning Lestari; Feri Ilham; Adillah Rahmatul Ummi; Lukluk Ul Masykuroh; Fachriani Putri
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.86-93

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023, anemia is a global health problem widely experienced by women of reproductive age and remains a concern among adolescent girls. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and differences in macro- and micronutrient intake adequacy based on anemia status among female students at SMA Negeri 4 Marpoyan Damai District, Pekanbaru. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2024 involving 45 tenth-grade female students selected through simple random sampling. Dietary intake was assessed using 2x24-hour food recall and analyzed with NutriSurvey, while hemoglobin levels were measured using a hemoglobin meter. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test and independent t-test (p<0.05). The anemia prevalence was 13.3%. Most participants had inadequate macro- and micronutrient intake compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowance. No significant differences were found in carbohydrate (p=0.483), fat (p=0.071), protein (p=0.151), iron (p=0.483), folate (p=0.903), vitamin B12 (p=0.092), and vitamin C (p=0.664) intake between anemic and non-anemic students. In conclusion, anemia prevalence was relatively low; however, overall nutrient intake remained inadequate and showed no significant differences based on anemia status.

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