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Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran (Journal of Medical Science)
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 1978662X     EISSN : 27154467     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26891/JIK
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Medical Science receives a script from health and medical lecturer, undergraduate, residents, hospital staff and those who interested in writing scientific papers. The scientific articles posted on JIK include: literature reviews, research article, case report and EBCR (Evidence Based Case Report). Article preferably basic science of medicine and health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Review dan Referensi, Kedokteran
Articles 272 Documents
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Artificial Intelligence Pada Bidang Gastroenterologi Hendra Asputra; Reza Okta Lestari
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.11-20

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly evolving in medicine, particularly in gastroenterology, a field heavily reliant on image analysis and clinical data. Technologies such as computer-aided detection (CADe) and computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) have been developed to enhance the detection and characterization of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions. This literature review aims to evaluate the roles, applications, benefits, and limitations of AI in gastroenterology. Utilizing a narrative synthesis approach, relevant primary studies from the past 5 to 10 years were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library. The findings indicate that AI is predominantly applied in endoscopic procedures, significantly improving the adenoma detection rate (ADR), polyp detection rate (PDR), and adenomas per colonoscopy (APC), while reducing the adenoma miss rate (AMR). Furthermore, AI demonstrates substantial potential in polyp characterization, upper GI cancer detection, capsule endoscopy interpretation, ulcerative colitis evaluation, and ultrasound-based hepatobiliary diagnosis. Despite these promising results, clinical implementation faces several challenges, including false-positive rates, the need for external validation, dataset biases, performance variability across different populations, high costs, and regulatory hurdles. In conclusion, AI holds immense potential to elevate the quality of diagnostics and patient care in gastroenterology. While highly effective as a clinical support tool, further research and robust regulatory frameworks are essential to ensure its optimal, safe, and sustainable integration into routine clinical practice.
Epilepsi Terkait Tumor Otak sebagai Presentasi Awal Metastasis Intrakranial Riky Candra; Arya Marganda Simanjuntak; Yossi Maryanti
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.133-136

Abstract

Brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) occurs in approximately 35–70% of patients with brain tumors, and in 20–40% of cases, seizures represent the initial manifestation before tumor diagnosis. New-onset seizures in adults without prior epilepsy should raise suspicion for an underlying structural intracranial lesion, including brain metastasis. A 55-year-old man presented with three seizure episodes within one month. The seizures began with unilateral tonic stiffness that progressed to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures with impaired awareness, followed by postictal confusion. The patient also reported progressive headache, left-sided weakness, and cognitive decline. Neurological examination revealed left hemiparesis and impaired cognitive function. Contrast-enhanced brain CT demonstrated multiple intracranial lesions with surrounding edema and midline shift, consistent with brain metastases. Thoracic imaging revealed a left lung mass suggestive of a primary malignancy. This case highlights that new-onset seizures in adulthood, particularly when accompanied by progressive neurological deficits, should prompt evaluation for intracranial metastasis. Early recognition of BTRE as an initial presentation of brain tumors is essential for timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Efek Protektif Suplementasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Seri (Muntingia calabura) Terhadap Perubahan Histologis Pankreas Tikus Yang Diinduksi Diet Tinggi Lemak Mukhyarjon Mukhyarjon; Irwan Irwan; Ismawati Ismawati
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.59-64

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a major global health problem. Lipotoxicity is a key cause of insulin resistance that ultimately leads to pancreatic damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus. One plant with potential to prevent pancreatic damage is the Seri plant (Muntingia calabura). This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanolic extract of Muntingia calabura leaves on pancreatic damage in rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). This was an experimental study with a post-test-only design. A total of 28 male Wistar rats weighing 120–200 grams were divided into four groups: K1 received standard feed (20 g/rat/day) and water ad libitum; K2 received a 50% high-fat diet (20 g/rat/day); K3 received the same HFD plus Muntingia calabura leaf extract (100 mg/kg/day); and K4 received HFD plus pioglitazone (6 mg/kg/day). Treatments were administered for 8 weeks, followed by termination for pancreatic histological examination. The variables studied were supplementation of Muntingia calabura ethanolic extract and the degree of pancreatic insulitis. Histological preparations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and insulitis was scored. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS with Kruskal–Wallis and Mann-witney tests. Results showed no insulitis in K1, while mild insulitis was observed in K2, K3, and K4. A significant difference in histological scores was found between K1 and K2 (p = 0.03), whereas no significant differences were observed among other groups. In conclusion, 8 weeks of HFD induced mild insulitis in rats, while Muntingia calabura leaf extract and pioglitazone did not demonstrate protective effects against insulitis.
Perbedaan Fungsi Ventrikel Kanan pada Pasien Hipertensi Arteri Pulmonal Akibat Penyakit Jantung Bawaan dan Tanpa Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Fatimah Azzahra; Mefri Yanni; Erlina Rustam; Noverika Windasari; Shinta Ayu Intan
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.94-104

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction due to chronic volume overload in congenital heart disease (CHD) or pressure overload in isolated PAH. This study aimed to evaluate differences in RV function between PAH patients with and without CHD, given their distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using medical records from Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital (2023–2024), including 54 patients (27 per group) selected via consecutive sampling. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test was employed to compare standard echocardiographic parameters: three-dimensional ejection fraction (3DEF), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), S', and RV Strain. The results revealed no significant differences in RV function parameters between the two groups: 3DEF (p=0.773), TAPSE (p=0.293), FAC (p=0.224), S' (p=1.000), and RV Strain (p=0.559). Furthermore, median values for 3DEF, TAPSE, FAC, and S' were within normal limits, whereas mean RV Strain values were in the abnormal range for both study groups. In conclusion, despite the differing underlying pathophysiologies, there is no significant difference in right ventricular function between patients with PAH due to CHD and those without CHD.
The Role of Wolbachia in DENV Replication as Dengue Control Strategies Joy Aurel Prudentia Putri; Angelina Vivi Maharani; Condoleezza Betzy Kasi; Loury Priskila; Justinus Agung Putranto Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.21-29

Abstract

Dengue fever (DHF) remains a major public health problem in tropical countries such as Indonesia, with cases continuing to rise in recent years. Conventional vector control strategies are often less effective, creating the need for innovative biotechnology-based approaches. One promising strategy is the utilization of Wolbachia bacteria, which has been shown to suppress dengue virus (DENV) replication in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Although its effectiveness is well supported by empirical evidence, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Current findings indicate that Wolbachia-mediated inhibition of DENV is multifactorial, involving interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum, competition for cellular nutrients, suppression of pro-viral signaling pathways, regulation of host miRNAs, stimulation of mosquito immune responses, and enhancement of viral RNA degradation. These complex and synergistic mechanisms highlight Wolbachia’s potential not only as a tool for vector control but also as a foundation for developing more effective strategies in dengue prevention and management.
Salvage of Venous Congestion in a Reverse Anterolateral Thigh Flap Using Leech Therapy: A Case Report Mulyadi Mulyadi; Fakhrul Hendra; Ozi Rahmat Firdaus; Anisa Sarah Utami
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.137-142

Abstract

Venous congestion remains one of the most serious complications following reverse anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap reconstruction. If left untreated, it may result in irreversible microvascular damage and flap failure. This case demonstrates the effective use of medicinal leech therapy as a non-surgical salvage method for venous congestion in a reverse ALT flap. A 25-year-old man presented with an open proximal tibial fracture and a 9 × 7 cm anterior knee defect following a traffic accident. Reconstruction was performed using a reverse ALT flap. On the fifth postoperative day, the flap showed signs of venous congestion, and leech therapy was initiated with four leeches applied daily to the congested areas for seven days. The flap showed gradual improvement in color, temperature, and perfusion. A transient drop in hemoglobin (8.1 g/dL) required blood transfusion, but no infection or flap necrosis occurred. Leech therapy promotes venous drainage and improves microcirculation through anticoagulant and vasodilatory effects. Despite potential risks of anemia and infection, it remains a safe and practical salvage technique when surgical revision is not feasible. Medicinal leech therapy represents a simple, effective, and accessible option for managing venous congestion after reverse ALT flap reconstruction, particularly in resource-limited settings where advanced monitoring and microsurgical revision are not available.
Hubungan Nuliparitas Terhadap Kejadian Preeklampsia dengan Penyulit di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Tersier Jojor Sihotang; Darma Lutfi Ananda; Renardy Reza Razali; Sri Wahyuni
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.65-70

Abstract

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) remains high globally, particularly in developing countries. In Indonesia, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, are major contributors to maternal mortality. The prevalence of preeclampsia at Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital was 28.12%. Nulliparity is a known risk factor for preeclampsia; however, no studies have examined its association with complicated preeclampsia in Riau Province. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nulliparity and the occurrence of complicated preeclampsia. This observational analytic study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design using secondary data from medical records of preeclampsia patients at Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital, Riau Province, from 2019 to 2022. Consecutive sampling was applied to include all patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Out of 1,861 pregnant women, 361 (19.4%) developed preeclampsia. A total of 344 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 292 (84.9%) had complicated preeclampsia. Based on parity, 95 (32.5%) were nulliparous and 197 (67.5%) were multiparous. Fisher’s exact test showed no significant association between nulliparity and the occurrence of complicated preeclampsia (p = 1.000; OR = 1.007; 95% CI: 0.537–1.889). There was no significant association between nulliparity and the occurrence of complicated preeclampsia at Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital during the 2019–2022 period.
Tajam Penglihatan Pasca Operasi Fakoemulsifikasi Pada Pasien Katarak Senilis Dengan Dan Tanpa Diabetes Melitus Dan Hipertensi Yuliana Nur Halimah; Yulia Wardany
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The most common cataract surgery technique is phacoemulsification. The presence of systemic comorbidities can be a perioperative complicating factor and increase the risk of complications and affect postoperative visual acuity. The purpose of this study was to determine the visual acuity after phacoemulsification in senile cataract patients with and without diabetes mellitus and hypertension. This study used a cross-sectional analytic observational method with a sample size of 232 patients. Data were taken from medical record using total sampling. Visual acuity after phacoemulsification in the category of good vision (better or equal to 0.48 logMAR) and poor vision (worse than 0.48 logMAR) both without correction (UCVA) and with correction (BCVA). Data were analyzed statistically with SPSS. There was a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity after phacoemulsification across all groups, including cataract patients without diabetes mellitus and hypertension (p
Resistensi Flukonazol pada Candida glabrata: Mekanisme Molekuler Mutasi Gen ERG11 Astri Arri Febrianti; Robiatul Adawiyah; Ratika Rahmasari
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.30-38

Abstract

Candida glabrata is one of the leading causes of non-albicans Candida infections with an increasing prevalence worldwide. This species is associated with high mortality rates and a marked tendency to develop resistance to antifungal agents, particularly azoles such as fluconazole. A comprehensive understanding of its biological characteristics, pathogenic mechanisms, and resistance patterns is essential for improving diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. The genetic factor that plays an important role in this resistance mechanism is the ERG11 gene, which encodes the lanosterol 14-α-demethylase enzyme, the main target of fluconazole in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. This review was conducted based on an analysis of recent literature focusing on the biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, antifungal resistance mechanisms, susceptibility testing methods, and molecular identification of Candida glabrata. Special emphasis was given to the role of the ERG11 gene in fluconazole resistance and the application of molecular tools such as ITS and D1/D2 rDNA sequencing for species-level identification. The findings indicate that Candida glabrata exhibits several virulence factors, including adhesins, biofilm formation, cell wall modifications, and iron acquisition strategies. Antifungal resistance is mediated through mutations in the ERG11 gene, overexpression of efflux pumps (CgCDR1, CgCDR2, CgSNQ2), alterations in sterol biosynthesis pathways, and mitochondrial dysfunction (petite mutants). Susceptibility testing methods following CLSI/EUCAST standards, as well as automated systems such as VITEK 2, have shown reliable and rapid results. Candida glabrata is an emerging pathogen with rising prevalence and complex antifungal resistance mechanisms. Accurate species identification and molecular analysis of the ERG11 gene are crucial for understanding local resistance patterns and supporting the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
Pengaruh Injeksi Platelet Rich Plasma Terhadap Proses Penyembuhan Luka Fase Remodeling Berdasarkan Early Wound Healing Score (EHS) pada Kasus Sistokel Betrisya Hanifah; Jojor Sihotang
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v20i1.2026.71-78

Abstract

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition in postpartum women, with cystocele being the most common type. Anterior colporrhaphy is a commonly used treatment, but it has a relatively high recurrence rate. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known to have the potential to enhance wound healing through tissue regeneration. This study aims to analyze the effect of PRP injection on remodeling phase wound healing based on the Early Wound Healing Score (EHS) assessment in cystocele cases. The study design used was a retrospective cohort, with data taken from medical records using a consecutive sampling method on 40 women who underwent anterior colporrhaphy. A total of 20 patients who received PRP injection were included in the case group, while 20 other patients who did not receive PRP injection were the control group. The EHS score was assessed on the 14th and 28th days postoperatively. Data analysis was performed using the independent t-test on day 14 and the Mann-Whitney test on day 28. The results showed a significant increase in the mean EHS score in the case group compared to the control group, both on day 14 and day 28. In conclusion, PRP injection during cystocele surgery has been proven effective in accelerating wound healing in the remodeling phase and has the potential to be an additional therapy to reduce the risk of recurrence.

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