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INDONESIA
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research
Published by Trigin Institute
ISSN : 23383879     EISSN : 28286014     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35335/ijopsor
The main goal of International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research is to present outstanding, high quality research developments in all areas of politics and sociology research to a broad audience of academicians and professionals. International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research provides a vehicle to help professionals, academics, and researchers working in the fields of politics and sociology to disseminate information.
Articles 202 Documents
Ethical problematics and political corruption in Indonesian elections: A review of dignified justice theory Fajrin, Yaris Adhial; Ishwara, Ade Sathya Sanathana
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v12i3.275

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to discuss political corruption associated with ethical problems that are factually new in the 2024 elections in Indonesia. The practice of political corruption in the 2024 elections can be said to be massive, referring to the symptoms of new totalitarianism, namely the engineering of legal and democratic mechanisms to accommodate the political interests of certain parties. Viewed from the perspective of dignified justice, in holding the 2024 elections, there are attempts to degrade and castrate the implementation and enforcement of legal norms and ethical norms at the same time. The phenomenon of money politics, the politicization of social assistance, and the engineering of legal and democratic mechanisms through the weakening of judicial institutions, in this case the Constitutional Court (MK), is proof that there is weak enforcement of legal norms and ethical norms in the 2024 elections. Therefore, the main solution to minimize political corruption is to simultaneously understand, implement, and enforce legal norms and ethical norms as the main substance of a dignified justice perspective. Meanwhile, a concrete solution to prevent or overcome political corruption during the election period is to ensure a clear separation of powers and independence in law enforcement.
Crime management strategy for specialist theft crimes in housing in pangkalpinang city: Policy evaluation and implementation Huda, Khairul; Rachmadhika, Galang; Dennis, Gilbert Rayi; Sari, Patricia Widya
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): June: Law, Politic and Sosiology
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i1.292

Abstract

This research will review the Strategy for Combating Specialist Theft Crimes in Housing in Pangkalpinang City, with a focus on Policy Evaluation and Implementation. Residential burglary has become a significant issue that disrupts public safety in Pangkalpinang City. This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis and evaluation of policies, implementation of more effective strategies, the level of theft crime in Pangkalpinang City can be suppressed, thus creating a safe and comfortable environment for the community. This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach, which involves interviews with police officers, housing security, and the local community. The results illustrate that although there have been policies set by the Government and law enforcement officials, implementation in the field still faces various challenges, including a lack of coordination between institutions, limited resources, and minimal community participation in maintaining environmental security. In addition, the strategies implemented are still reactive rather than proactive. The research proposal includes increasing cooperation between the police and the community, strengthening the security patrol program, as well as counseling on theft prevention measures for residential residents of Pangkalpinang City.
Political legitimacy based on religion: An analysis of sociological religion in Jambi local democracy 2024 Halim, Abdul; Kusnadi, Edy; Surbakti, Junita; Ermawati, Ermawati; Mubarak, Zaki
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.299

Abstract

In Indonesia, religion has long been a major factor in determining political legitimacy, especially when it comes to local democracy. This study looks at how political actors in Jambi harness religious symbols, moral authority, and religious leaders' power to win over voters. The goal is to comprehend religion as a strategic sociopolitical tool ingrained in regional power dynamics rather than just as a set of beliefs. The study employs a qualitative research design and examines how religious narratives and practices function within electoral rivalry through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The results show that religion serves as symbolic capital (Bourdieu) that can be converted into political capital, opening doors for legitimacy based on Weber's conception of conventional and charismatic authority. Voter turnout, candidate credibility, and public trust have all been demonstrated to be greatly increased by religion-based tactics. However, the public's reaction to these methods is similarly conflicted. Religious participation promotes social cohesiveness and moral resonance in political discourse, but it also bears the risk of social polarization and identity exclusivism, which could jeopardize the stability and inclusivity necessary for democratic consolidation. The study comes to the conclusion that religion functions as a dual-force legitimacy mechanism, supporting social integration and political leadership while simultaneously fostering factionalism in multiple communities. The ramifications highlight the need for a more critical view of religion's involvement in electoral politics, acknowledging it as a formidable tool for political mobilization as well as a possible obstacle to the growth of an inclusive and developed local democracy in Indonesia.
The granting of sentence remission to corruption offenders in the perspective of human rights Beno, Muhammad Ehsan Kelana Putra
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.309

Abstract

This study examines the regulation and human rights implications of sentence remission for corruption offenders within Indonesia’s legal system. Remission is recognized as a statutory right granted to prisoners who meet established requirements; however, corruption as an extraordinary crime is subject to stricter regulatory conditions. The discussion analyzes the normative framework provided by Law No. 22 of 2022, implementing regulations, and constitutional provisions, particularly Article 28J of the 1945 Constitution, which allows lawful limitations on human rights. The study incorporates human rights theories by Karel Vasak and John Locke to contextualize the philosophical basis for maintaining prisoners’ residual rights while recognizing the state’s authority to restrict them for legitimate purposes. Findings show that remission embodies both rehabilitative and administrative functions, yet its application to corruption offenders requires careful legal justification to maintain proportionality, safeguard public interest, and uphold human rights principles. The analysis concludes that the regulation of remission must reflect a balanced approach that protects inherent human dignity while supporting the integrity of anti-corruption efforts.
The enforcement of capital punishment in corruption crimes within Indonesia’s legal system from human rights perspective Fadillah, Ahmad Wasli
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.310

Abstract

This study examines the enforcement of capital punishment in corruption crimes within Indonesia’s legal system through the lens of human rights theory and constitutional law. Using a normative juridical approach, the research explores the philosophical, legal, and moral foundations of the death penalty as prescribed in Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, juxtaposed against Indonesia’s human rights obligations under the 1945 Constitution and international covenants. The discussion integrates natural rights theory, utilitarian human rights theory, and progressive human rights theory to analyze the ethical legitimacy and legal coherence of capital punishment for corruption. Findings reveal a fundamental contradiction between Indonesia’s retention of the death penalty and its constitutional guarantee of the right to life. While corruption constitutes an extraordinary crime that threatens national stability, capital punishment fails to meet international standards of necessity and proportionality. The paper argues that true deterrence and justice lie in systemic legal reform, transparency, and moral governance rather than retributive punishment. Ultimately, this study advocates for the gradual abolition of capital punishment in favor of a human rights–based penal policy consistent with Indonesia’s democratic and humanitarian values.
Non-conviction-based (NCB) asset forfeiture concept from a legal and human rights perspective Pongkor, Dionysius Yasmin
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.311

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Non-Conviction-Based (NCB) asset forfeiture through a human rights perspective, focusing on the balance between effective law enforcement and the protection of individual rights. NCB forfeiture enables the state to confiscate assets linked to criminal activity without requiring a prior conviction, making it particularly relevant for addressing corruption, money laundering, and organized crime. However, this mechanism raises concerns regarding property rights, due process, and potential state overreach. The analysis applies three theoretical frameworks, rule of law, due process theory, and property rights theory, to evaluate the legitimacy of NCB practices. Indonesia’s legal and human rights framework, including the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 8/2010 on Money Laundering, Law No. 31/1999 jo. Law No. 20/2001 on Corruption, Law No. 39/1999 on Human Rights, and Law No. 12/2005 ratifying the ICCPR, demonstrates the requirement for fairness and judicial oversight in asset forfeiture procedures. Findings indicate that NCB forfeiture can be compatible with human rights standards if implemented with strict safeguards, transparent procedures, and clear evidentiary thresholds. The study concludes that a comprehensive Asset Forfeiture Law is necessary to reinforce accountability, protect individual rights, and strengthen Indonesia’s asset recovery regime.
The validity of nominee agreements on the ownership of shares from a business law and human rights perspective Mustika, I Komang Sanju Bayu
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.312

Abstract

This study analyzes the validity of nominee agreements in share ownership under Indonesian investment law through the perspective of human rights theory. Using a normative juridical method, the research examines how such agreements, often used to conceal foreign ownership, relate to national legal norms and human rights principles, including economic rights, equality before the law, and the right to national self-determination. The study draws on primary legal sources such as the Investment Law (Law No. 25 of 2007), the Company Law (Law No. 40 of 2007), and constitutional provisions under the 1945 Constitution, along with relevant international human rights instruments. The findings demonstrate that nominee agreements violate Article 33 of the Investment Law and contradict Indonesia’s constitutional and human rights commitments. These agreements not only obscure ownership transparency but also undermine economic justice and the collective rights of Indonesian citizens to control national resources. The research concludes that maintaining the prohibition of nominee arrangements is essential to preserving legal certainty, national sovereignty, and the ethical integrity of foreign investment practices. The alignment of investment law with human rights principles strengthens Indonesia’s commitment to fair, transparent, and sustainable economic governance.
Legal challenges of digital technology abuse in cybersex trafficking in Indonesia Arsawati, Ni Nyoman Juwita
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December: Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.313

Abstract

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed human trafficking into a technology-enabled crime, particularly cybersex trafficking, in which sexual exploitation is conducted entirely through online platforms without requiring physical movement of victims. In Indonesia, this phenomenon presents a serious legal challenge because existing criminal regulations have not been designed to address the digital, covert, and transnational characteristics of such crimes, resulting in inadequate protection for victims, especially children. This study employs normative legal research using legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches by examining primary legal materials, including the ITE Law, the Anti-Trafficking Law, the Child Protection Law, and the Criminal Code, as well as secondary materials such as academic journals, international reports, and comparative regulations from Southeast Asian countries, particularly the Philippines and Thailand, published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis reveals that Indonesia’s legal framework does not explicitly criminalize cybersex trafficking as a form of trafficking in persons, causing law enforcement to rely mainly on cybercrime and pornography provisions that fail to capture the trafficking dimension inherent in online sexual exploitation. This regulatory gap perpetuates structural victimization, limits access to restitution and rehabilitation for victims, and leaves the criminal responsibility of digital platform providers insufficiently regulated. Furthermore, Indonesia’s non-ratification of the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime restricts effective cross-border cooperation and digital evidence handling. The study concludes that cybersex trafficking constitutes a distinct form of technology-enabled human trafficking that requires comprehensive legal reform, including explicit criminalization, the integration of a victim-centered justice approach, the imposition of corporate liability on digital platforms, and alignment with international cybercrime standards to ensure effective legal protection and justice in the digital era.
The pretext of national strategic projects in the palm oil industry: A juridical analysis of massive deforestation and human rights violations in Papua Nainggolan, Anggia Abraham Parlindungan
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026): Law, Politic and Sosiology
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i4.318

Abstract

The designation of palm oil plantation projects as National Strategic Projects (Proyek Strategis Nasional/PSN) presents serious challenges to environmental protection due to widespread deforestation and the fulfillment of human rights, particularly in Papua, a region characterized by fragile ecosystems and Indigenous communities. This study aims to analyze the role and responsibility of the state in ensuring the protection of environmental and human rights within palm oil plantation projects classified as PSN, and to assess the alignment of palm oil business practices in Papua with the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), specifically the principles of duty to protect, responsibility to respect, and access to remedy. Employing a normative juridical method, the research adopts a statutory approach and a conceptual approach to examine Presidential Regulation No. 60 of 2023 on the National Strategy on Business and Human Rights, relevant PSN regulations, and the UNGP framework. The findings reveal that the state has not effectively fulfilled its role in safeguarding environmental and human rights in PSN-designated palm oil projects. Rather than serving as instruments of equitable development, PSNs have marginalized Indigenous communities and imposed environmental burdens upon them without meaningful participation in decision-making processes. Moreover, palm oil business practices in Papua remain inconsistent with the UNGPs, necessitating a critical re-evaluation of PSN implementation to ensure conformity with the principles of sustainable development and social justice.
Chemical castration as a penal instrument: An analysis of the Mojokerto district court decision from a human rights perspective Salsabilla, Atsyilla
The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026): Law, Politic and Sosiology
Publisher : Trigin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijopsor.v13i4.319

Abstract

Chemical castration was introduced into Indonesia’s criminal justice system as a legislative response to the increasing prevalence of sexual violence against children. This penal instrument is designed to deter offenders while safeguarding victims’ rights and welfare. One notable application of this sanction can be found in the Mojokerto District Court Decision No. 69/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Mjk, where chemical castration was imposed as an additional punishment for the perpetrator of child sexual assault. Although grounded in positive law, the implementation of chemical castration raises profound debates within the human rights discourse, particularly regarding the prohibition of torture, the right to bodily integrity, and the protection of human dignity. This study aims to analyze chemical castration as a penal instrument through a normative legal approach, examining the Mojokerto District Court decision from a human rights perspective. Using a juridical-normative method that combines statutory and case approaches, this research finds that chemical castration generates significant tension between the objectives of punishment and the fundamental principles of human rights. Consequently, its application necessitates critical evaluation to ensure alignment with the rule of law, proportionality, and respect for human dignity.