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Life Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526277     EISSN : 25285009     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/lifesci
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Life Science publishes original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). The journal also covers ethical issues. It aims to serve as a forum for life scientists and health professionals.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 219 Documents
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Analisis Kadar Nitric Oxide dan Aktivitas Glutation Peroksidase dalam Darah Operator SPBU di Semarang Sa’adah, Siti Rofiatus; Yuniastuti, Ari; Susanti, R.
Life Science Vol 7 No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Semarang merupakan kota dengan penggunaan kendaraan bermotor sebagai alat transportasi yang selalu mengalami peningkatan pada setiap tahunnya. Timbal (Pb) merupakan salah satu logam berat dalam gas buang hasil pembakaran kendaraan bermotor. Timbal yang masuk dalam tubuh menyebabkan peningkatan produksi nitric oxide (NO) sehingga terjadi inaktivasi enzim glutation peroksidase yang merupakan antioksidan endogen akibat peningkatan tersebut. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah darah dari 24 operator SPBU di Semarang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kadar nitric oxide dan aktivitas glutation peroksidase dalam darah operator SPBU di Semarang. Kadar NO diukur menggunakan metode ELISA sedangkan aktivitas glutation peroksidase diukur menggunakan metode spektofotometri. Data diuji normalitas dengan uji Shapiro-Wilk. Rerata kadar NO yang diperoleh sebesar 2,3962 mmol/l dan aktivitas glutation peroksidase sebesar 74,2096 U/g. Hubungan kadar NO dan aktivitas glutation peroksidase diuji menggunakan uji korelasi r-Spearman dengan hasil koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,797 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kadar nitric oxide dengan aktivitas glutation peroksidase darah operator SPBU di Semarang. Semarang is a city that using vehicle as main transportation always increase every year. Lead (Pb) is one of the heavy metals in the flue gases of combustion vehicles. Lead enters the body cause increase the production of nitric oxide (NO) resulting in the inactivation enzyme glutathione peroxidase as endogenous antioxidants due to the increase. The sample in this study is the blood of 24 operator stations in Semarang. The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of nitric oxide and glutathione peroxidase activity in the blood gas station operator in Semarang. Level of NO is measured using ELISA method while glutathione peroxidase activity is measured using a spectrophotometri method. Data are tested for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The average of level NO and glutathione peroxidase wich is got are 2,3962 mmol/l and 74,2096 U/g. The Relation of NO levels and the activity of glutathione peroxidase are tested using r-Spearman correlation test with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0,797. The conclution is a relation between level of NO and glutathione peroxidase in the gas station operator blood in Semarang
Prevalensi Ektoparasit Udang Vannamei Pada Tambak di Desa Langgenharjo Kabupaten Pati Putra, Mateus Krista Pratama; Pribadi, Tyas Agung; Setiati, Ning
Life Science Vol 7 No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Jenis-jenis dan mengukur prevalensi ektoparasit yang menyerang udang vannamei di tambak Desa Langgenharjo Kecamatan Margoyoso, Kabupaten Pati. Pengambilan udang secara acak pada tambak yang di jadikan obyek penelitian pembesaran udang di Desa Langgenharjo. Pemeriksaan ektoparasit udang dilakukan di BKIPM Kelas II Semarang, dengan pengambilan lendir bagian uropod, pleopod, dan abdomen untuk diidentifikasi jenis parasit dan diukur prevalensinya dengan cara menghitung jumlah parasit secara manual. Jenis ektoparasit yang menyerang sampel udang vannamei adalah Epistylis sp, Zoothamnium sp, Vorticella sp, dan Trichodina sp. Diperoleh prevalensi Parasit Epistylis sp adalah 85% (17 ekor yang terinfeksi dari 20 ekor sampel udang vannamei), Zoothamnium sp prevalensinya adalah 50% (10 ekor yang terinfeksi dari 20 ekor sampel udang vannamei), Vorticella sp prevalensinya adalah 60% (12 ekor yang terinfeksi dari 20 ekor sampel udang vannamei), dan Trichodina sp prevalensinya adalah 10% (2 ekor yang terinfeksi dari 20 ekor sampel udang vannamei). Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Jenis parasit yang ditemukan adalah Epistylis sp, Zoothamnium sp, Vorticella sp, dan Trichodina sp. Prevalensi parasit yang terbanyak adalah Epistylis sp yaitu 85%, sedangkan prevalensi parasit yang terendah adalah Trichodina sp yaitu 10%. The purpose of this research is to understand the types and to measure the prevalence of ectoparasites that infecting vannamei shrimp in brackish fishponds in the Langgenharjo village. Shrimp collection was done randomly and selected as the research object. The examination for shrimp ectoparasites was conducted in Fish Quarantine Class II Semarang, by extracting mucus from the uropod, pleopod, and abdomen to identify the types of parasite and its prevalence was then measured by counting manually the presence of the parasites. The types of ectoparasite infect vannamei shrimp sample are Epistylis sp, Zoothamnium sp, Vorticella sp, and Trichodina sp. This research, found that the prevalence of Epistylis sp was 85% (17 shrimps were found to be infected out of a total of 20 vannamei shrimps), Zoothamnium sp has a prevalence of 50% (10 shrimps were found to be infected out of 20 vannamei shrimps), Vorticella sp has a prevalence of 60% (12 shrimps were found to be infected out of 20 vannamei shrimps), and Trichodina sp has a prevalence of 10% (2 shrimps were found to be infected out of 20 samples of vannamei shrimp). It was concluded that the types of parasite found are Epistylis sp, Zoothamnium sp, Vorticella sp, and Trichodina sp. The highest parasite prevalence was Epistylis sp at 85%. In contrast, the lowest parasite prevalence was Trichodina sp at 10%.
Deteksi Pembentukan Mikronuklei Sel Darah Limfosit Akibat Paparan Radiasi Dosis Bertingkat pada Responden dengan Jenis Kelamin dan Usia Berbeda Purnami, Sri Wahyu; Anggraito, Yustinus Ulung; Syaifudin, Mukh; Lusiyanti, Yanti
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Mikronuklei merupakan penanda yang baik dari paparan genotoksik pada manusia dan merupakan indikator dari ketidakstabilan kromosom. Pada proses pembentukan mikronuklei (MN) dengan teknik cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), sitokinesis diblok dengan sitokalasin B, sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi fragmen (patahan) kromosom pada tahap mitosis menjadi MN. Frekuensi terbentuknya MN dipengaruhi oleh dosis radiasi, jenis kelamin, usia, dan gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktorial, dengan tiga faktor variabel bebas yaitu paparan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia pendonor, dan jenis kelamin pendonor. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan dosis radiasi sinar X sebesar 0 Gy, 0,5 Gy, 2 Gy, dan 4 Gy. Sel darah limfosit diperoleh dari responden laki-laki dan perempuan pada usia 26-35 tahun, 36-45 tahun, dan 46-55 tahun, ada satu sampel pada masing-masing usia. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis varians tiga faktor, uji normalitas dan homogenitas dengan anava menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistic 20 for Windows. Diperoleh hasil F hitung > F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan dosis radiasi terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN, usia, jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia, dosis radiasi dengan jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia dengan jenis kelamin. Diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan frekuensi MN yang signifikan berdasarkan perlakuan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia, dan jenis kelamin. F hitung < F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan usia dengan jenis kelamin, diartikan bahwa usia dengan jenis kelamin tidak saling berinteraksi tanpa adanya dosis radiasi, sehingga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN. Micronuclei is a good marker of exposure to genotoxic in humans and is an indicator of chromosomal instability. In the process of forming micronuclei (MN) with the technique of cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), cytokinesis blocked by sitokalasin B, so as to identify fragments (break) chromosomes in mitosis phase becomes MN. The frequency of MN formation is affected by the radiation dose, sex, age, and lifestyle. This study design was a randomized complete group factorial, with three independent variables that factor exposure dose of X-ray radiation, donor age, and sex of the donor. The treatment in this study using X-ray radiation doses of 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy. Blood cell lymphocytes obtained from respondents men and women at the age of 26-35 years, 36-45 years and 46-55 years, there is one sample at each age. The analysis is the analysis of variance of three factors, normality and homogeneity test with anava used IBM SPSS Statistics 20 for Windows. The results obtained F value>F table (5%) in the treatment of radiation doses to the formation of MN frequency, age, gender, age radiation dose, radiation dose by gender, age radiation dose by gender. Means that there are significant differences in the frequency of MN which is based on X-ray radiation dose treatment, age, and gender. F value<F table (5%) in the treatment of age by sex, mean that the age of the same sex do not interact in the absence of radiation dose, so no significant effect on the frequency of MN formation.
Kandungan Timbal, Debu di Udara dan Daun Tanaman Peneduh di Kota Semarang Lilianto, Gandhung Herdha; Dewi, Nur Kusuma; Tri Martuti, Nana Kariada
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Kota Semarang merupakan ibukota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Gas buang kendaraan bermotor merupakan sumber utama timbal yang mencemari udara. Beberapa jalan protokol di Kota Semarang ditanami tanaman peneduh yang berfungsi untuk menjerap polutan yang ada di udara. Akumulasi timbal pada daun tanaman lebih banyak terdapat pada tanaman yang tumbuh di pinggir jalan besar yang padat kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan timbal, debu dan mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi stomata daun tanaman peneduh di Kota Semarang. Pengambilan sampel debu dan penentuan kandungan debu di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-7119.3-2005 sedangkan penentuan kandungan timbal di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 6989.8:2009. Sampel daun diambil pada bagian yang sudah tua, menghadap ke jalan raya dan terdapat pada ketinggian 2-5 meter dari permukaan jalan dengan metode random sampling. Menganalisis kandungan timbal di daun dengan menggunakan metode SNI 19-2896-1992. Analisa kandungan debu di daun menggunakan metode pengurangan berat. Penetapan kadar timbal pada tanah dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 06-6992.3-2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil, pencemaran udara mempunyai hubungan terhadap akumulasi zat pencemar dalam daun tanaman peneduh. Semakin tinggi kandungan zat pencemar di udara, semakin banyak pula akumulasinya pada daun tanaman peneduh. Semarang city is the capital of Central Java province. Motor vehicle exhaust is a major source of lead that pollute the air. Some of the main streets in the city of Semarang planted shade plant that serves to adsorb the pollutants in the air. Accumulation of lead in plant leaves is more prevalent in plants that grow in large roadside dense motor vehicle. This study aimed to analyze the content of lead, dust and to know the structure of the leaf stomata mikroanatomi shade plant in Semarang. Sampling of dust and determination of dust content in the air is done by SNI 19-7119.3-2005 whereas the determination of the lead content in conducted by ISO 6989.8: 2009. Leaf samples were taken at the old, facing the highway and are at a height of 2-5 meters from the road surface by the method of random sampling. Analyze the lead content in the leaves by using methods SNI 19-2896-1992. Analysis of the dust content in the leaves using the method of weight reduction. Determination of lead content in the soil is done by SNI 06-6992.3-2004. The results showed the result, air pollution has been associated with the accumulation of contaminants in plant leaves shade. The higher the content of pollutants in the air, the more accumulation on plant leaves shade.
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Yang Dimanfaatkan Oleh Masyarakat Desa Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan Wahidah, Baiq Farhatul; Husain, Fadly
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Sejak dahulu pengobatan tradisional sudah dilakukan oleh nenek moyang kita dan ditransmisikan ke generasi selanjutnya. Meski demikian pengetahuan itu tidak banyak tercatat sehingga akan mudah hilang seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami tumbuhan tumbuhan obat yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Desa Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan informan terpilih seperti sanro (dukun kampung), masyarakat pengguna tumbuhan obat dan mengikuti sebagian aktivitas harian penduduk serta observasi lapangan. Tercatat 26 spesies tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan dalam mengobati berbagai macam penyakit yaitu Momordica charantia, Psidium Guadjava, Jatropha curcas ,Citrus aurantifolia swingle, Aneratum conizoides, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Anona muricata, Aloe vera, Curcuma zedoaria,Curcuma domestica, Cocos nucifera, Alium sativum, Allium cepa, Ocimum basilicum,Mimosa pudica, Myristica fragrans, Moringa oleifera, Piper betle L, Eugenia aperculata, Alpinia purpurata , Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga L, Musa paradisiaca L, Cucumis sativus L, Carica papaya, dan Morinda citrifolia. Organ tumbuhan obat yang dipergunakan adalah daun, buah, umbi lapis, dan rimpang. Adapun cara pengolahan dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat sebagai obat tradisional yaitu antara lain: direbus, ditumbuk, dikunyah kunyah, diparut lalu diperas, serta di bakar. Ramuan ada yang bersifat tunggal, tetapi lebih banyak dicampur atau dikombinasikan dengan tumbuhan atau bahan lain. Traditional medicine has long been known by our ancestors and transmitted from generation to generation. The traditional medicine knowledge is feared will be extinct because it is not well documented. The purpose of this research is to know the species of medicinal plants used by the Samata community, Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. Data were collected through interviews with selected informants such as sanro or dukun kampung (traditional healer) and individual who used medicinal plants. Data were also obtained through observation by observing some of the daily activities of the community. In this study found 26 species of plants that are used to treat various diseases: Momordica charantia, Psidium Guadjava, Jatropha curcas ,Citrus aurantifolia swingle, Aneratum conizoides, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Anona muricata, Aloe vera, Curcuma zedoaria,Curcuma domestica, Cocos nucifera, Alium sativum, Allium cepa, Ocimum basilicum,Mimosa pudica, Myristica fragrans, Moringa oleifera, Piper betle L, Eugenia aperculata, Alpinia purpurata , Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga L, Musa paradisiacal L, Cucumis sativus L,Carica papaya, Morinda citrifolia. The parts of medicinal plants used are leaves, fruits, tubers, and rhizomes. The way of processing in the utilization of medicinal plants as traditional medicineare: boiled, crushed, chewed, grated and squeezed to get the substance, and burned. Medicinal plants can be consumed on their own, but there are also mixed or combined with other plants or materials in the form of decoction.
Bioaplikasi Kitosan dan Vitamin C terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Rattus norvegicus yang Dipapar Pb Asetat Ningsih, Eni Widya; Marianti, Aditya; Isnaeni, Wiwi
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Akumulasi Pb2+ dalam darah dapat menghambat kerja enzim-enzim pensintesis hemoglobin (Hb). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis apakah kombinasi kitosan dan vitamin C akan saling bersinergi mengurangi dampak negatif Pb2+ dalam tubuh, terutama terhadap kadar Hb. Penelitian ini mnggunakan Post Test Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah tikus jantan galur Wistar 30 ekor yang terbagi dalam enam kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok kontrol (KK) diberi makan dan minum ad libitum, kontrol negatif (KN) hanya diberi Pb asetat 175 mg/kg BB, kontrol positif (KP) diberi Pb asetat 175 + kitosan 64 mg/kg BB, dan kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3) dipapar Pb asetat, kitosan, dan vitamin C dosis 100, 200, dan 300 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 42 hari. Darah tikus diambil pada hari ke-44 untuk diuji kadar Pb darahnya menggunakan metode Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS) dan kadar Hb dengan metode Cyanmethemoglobin. Hasil uji Anava menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kadar Pb darah dan kenaikan kadar Hb darah secara signifikan pada kelompok yang dipapar Pb asetat dan diberikan kitosan dan vitamin C. Hasil uji lanjut dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) menunjukkan bahwa kelompok KK, KP, P1, P2, P3 tidak berbeda secara signifikan, namun bebeda signifikan terhadap kelompok KN. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi kitosan dan vitamin C saling bersinergi menurunkan kadar Pb darah tikus dan meningkatkan kadar Hb darah tikus yang dipapar Pb asetat. Accumulation of Pb2+ in the blood inhibits various enzymes involved in heme synthesis pathway. This study aims to analyze the synergy potential of chitosan and vitamine C combination in depleting the detrimental effects exerted by Pb2+ exposure in the body, especially to blood Hb levels. This study use Post Test Control Group Design. The population of the study is male Wistar rats and a number of collected samples are 30 samples. The sample were divided into six group, the regular control (KK), that was fed and water ad libitum, the negative control (KN) was administrated only with Pb acetate at dose 175 mg/kg BB, positive control (KP) was administrated with Pb acetate + chitosan 64 mg/kg BB, and treatment group (P1, P2, P3) that was exposed by Pb acetate 175 mg/kg BB, chitosan 64 mg/kg BB, and vitamine C at dose of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BB. The treatment were administrated for 42 days. Blood was then collected on the 44th day to measure blood Pb level using Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS) method, and to measure blood Hb using Cyanmethemoglobin method. The results of one way Anava showed a significant decrease in blood Pb level and increase in blood Hb level on groups exposed to Pb acetate and treated with combination of chitosan and vitamine C. The results of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) showed that group of KK, KP, P1, P2, and P3 were not significantly different to one another, but significantly different to the KN group. The conclusion of this study is combination of chitosan and vitamine C is synergy to decrease further blood Pb level and and increase blood Hb level in rats exposed with Pb acetate.
Deteksi Escherichia coli Pada Jamu Gendong di Gunungpati dengan Medium Selektif Diferensial Utami, Sri; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Susanti, R.
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Jamu gendong termasuk dalam kategori obat herbal yang dikonsumsi untuk menjaga kesehatan. Kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada produk jamu gendong dapat mempengaruhi manfaat jamu gendong sebagai obat herbal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan bakteri E. coli pada sampel jamu gendong jenis beras kencur dan kunyit asam di Kecamatan Gunungpati Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan sampel diambil secara acak. Sebanyak sebelas sampel jamu beras kencur dan kunyit asam dari perajin jamu gendong diuji menggunakan medium selektif diferensial Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. Sampel positif terkontaminasi E. coli pada medium EMBA ditunjukkan dengan adanya koloni berwarna gelap dengan kilap hijau metalik. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil uji keberadaan E. coli, perhitungan jumlah koloni E. coli dan lembar observasi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari sebelas sampel jamu gendong yang diuji, sembilan sampel beras kencur dan tiga sampel kunyit asam positif terkontaminasi E. coli. Hasil perhitungan jumlah koloni bakteri E. coli diperoleh sembilan sampel beras kencur dan dua sampel kunyit asam tidak memenuhi aturan batas cemaran mikroba dalam Standar Nasional Indonesia. ‘Jamu gendong’ included in herbal medicine category which consumed to maintain health. Escherichia coli contamination in ‘jamu gendong’ products can affect the benefits as an herbal medicine. This study aims to detect the presence of E. coli bacteria in the sample of ‘jamu gendong’ type of ‘beras kencur’ and ‘kunyit asam’ in Gunungpati District Semarang. This research is an observational study with random sampling. A total of eleven samples of ‘jamu gendong’ of ‘beras kencur’ and ‘kunyit asam’ from ‘jamu gendong’ sellers were tested using differential selective medium of Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. Positive samples which contaminated with E. coli in the EMBA medium are indicated by the presence of dark colored colonies with metallic green luster. Data obtained from the results of the test of the presence of E. coli, calculation of the number of E. coli colonies and observation sheets were analyzed descriptively. This study showed that of the eleven samples of ‘jamu gendong’ that were tested, nine samples of ‘beras kencur’ and three samples of ‘kunyit asam’ were positively contaminated with E. coli. The results of the calculation of the number of colony of E. coli bacteria obtained nine samples of ‘beras kencur’ and two samples of ‘kunyit asam’ did not meet the rules for the limits of microbial contamination in the Indonesian National Standard.
Uji Mikrobiologi Biskuit Dengan Penambahan Tepung Kulit Pisang Hernawati, Hernawati; Aryani, Any; Shintawati, Rita
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Permintaan terhadap produk makanan kesehatan seperti makanan bebas gula, rendah kalori, dan kaya serat semakin meningkat. Telah dibuat biskuit berbahan tepung kulit pisang yang memiliki kandungan serat pangan yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi jumlah mikroorganisme pada biskuit tepung kulit pisang. Metode pengujian mikrobiologi sampel makanan dilakukan yaitu uji TPC (Total Plate Count) untuk menghitung bakteri, Most Probability Number (MPN) untuk menghitung jumlah Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp., dan hitungan cawan untuk menghitung jumlah Staphylococcus sp. serta kapang/khamir. Analisis data mengacu pada persyaratan makanan yang sudah ditetapkan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 01-2897-1992). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengujian mikroba biskuit tepung kulit pisang normal tidak melebihi ketentuan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) yang mempersyaratkan maksimal sebesar 1,0x104 koloni/g bakteri. Uji Salmonella sp. diperoleh hasil negatif. Hasil uji kandungan E. coli kurang dari 3/g. Hasil uji kandungan Staphylococcus aureus sebanyak <1,0x101 koloni/g. Hasil uji jumlah kapang/khamir kurang dari 1,0x101 koloni/g. Kesimpulan hasil identifikasi mikrobiologi biskuit tepung kulit pisang dinyatakan dalam kategori normal sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI, 2009) dan BPOM (2009), sehingga dapat dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sebagai makanan kesehatan. Demand for health food products such as sugar-free foods, low in calories and fiber-rich foods is on the rise. It is known that made biscuits made from banana peel flour is known to have high dietary fiber content. The aim of this research was to identify the number of microorganisms on the biscuits with addition banana peel flour. Microbiological test method of food samples was done by TPC (Total Plate Count) test to calculate bacteria, Most Probability Number (MPN) to calculate the amount of Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp., and plate count to calculate the amount of Staphylococcus sp. and mold/yeasts. The results of data analysis refers to food requirements that have been established according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-2897-1992). The results showed that the testing of microbial biscuits of banana peel flour did not exceed the provisions of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) which required a maximum of 1.0x104 colony/g bacteria. Salmonella sp. obtained negative results. The results of Escherchia coli content test less than 3/g. The results of the Staphylococcus aureus content test were <1.0x101 colony/g. The test result of the amount of mold/yeast is less than 1.0x101 colony/g. The conclusion of microbiology identification result stated that biscuit of banana peel flour was normal category according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI, 2009) and BPOM (2009), so it can be consumed by society as health food.
Pola Distribusi Aboveground Biomass Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Peniti Kalimantan Barat Rafdinal, Rafdinal; Rizalinda, Rizalinda; Minsas, Sukal
Life Science Vol 8 No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lifesci.v8i1.29984

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the distribution pattern of aboveground biomass (AGB) in the mangrove ecosystem of West Kalimantan Safety. In addition, it also analyzes the differences in biomass and carbon stocks in the condition of mangrove forests. The study of the distribution pattern of AGB of mangrove forests was carried out between August and September 2018. Determination of the location of the study was based on a conceptual approach in the dimensions of spatial temporal that is using the Porposive Random Sampling method. Vegetation analysis was carried out by a single plot measuring 50 m x 50 m at each selected location. Based on vegetation analysis data it was found that the density of mangrove stands on the Peniti coast ranged from 38 to 185 ind /ha, with an average of 88.25 ± 66.15 ind./ Ha. The AGB of pinch mangrove forests ranged from 8.85 to 84.82 Mg / ha with the largest total AGB distributed in the stand diameter class of more than 80 cm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola distribusi aboveground biomass (AGB) pada ekosistem mangrove Peniti Kalimantan Barat. Selain itu juga untuk menganalisis perbedaan biomassa, dan cadangan karbon pada kondisi hutan mangrove. Kajian pola distribusi AGB hutan mangrove Peniti dilakukan antara bulan Agustus dan September 2018. Penentuan lokasi penelitian didasarkan pada pendekatan konseptual dalam dimensi spasio temporal yaitu menggunakan metode Porposive Random Sampling. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan metode petak tunggal berukuran 50 m x 50 m pada setiap lokasi terpilih. Berdasarkan data analisis vegetasi didapatkan bahwa kerapatan tegakan mangrove di pesisir Peniti berkisar antara 38 sampai 185 ind/ha, dengan rata-rata 88,25±66,15 ind./ha. AGB tegakan hutan mangrove Peniti berkisar antara 8,85 sampai 84,82 Mg/ha dengan total AGB terbesar terdistribusi pada kelas diameter tegakan lebih dari 80 cm.
Keanekaragaman Jenis Lichen di Kota Semarang Mafaza, Husna; Murningsih, Murningsih; Jumari, Jumari
Life Science Vol 8 No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lifesci.v8i1.29985

Abstract

Lichen is often used as a bioindicator of air pollution in an area because it is sensitive to pollution. The morphological structure of lichen that does not have a cuticle, stomata, and absorptive organ, forces lichens to survive under the stress of pollutants found in the air. The sensitivity of lichen to air pollution can be seen through changes in diversity. The purpose of this study was to examine the diversity of species of lichens, to assess the environmental conditions and shade trees as habitat for lichens in the city of Semarang. The research was conducted from October to November 2017 using the purposive random sampling method. Sampling was conducted at three research stations, namely: Mangkang Terminal, Simpang Lima Area, and Undalang Tembalang Campus. Based on the results of research at the three observation stations, 18 lichen species were obtained, 13 species were identified and 5 species were not identified. Lichen obtained as many as 8 families, namely Arthoniaceae, Caloplacaceae, Physciaceae, Graphidaceae, Lecanoraceae, Lecidellaceae, Leprariaceae and Parmeliaceae. These types of lichen belong to the talus group foliose and crustose. The shade tree that is most overgrown with lichens is mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index values in the three research stations were: Terminal Mangkang (1.88), Simpang Lima Region (2.95), and Undip Tembalang Campus (3.71). The highest number of species and number of individuals is at the Undip Tembalang Campus, with a total of 17 species and 295 individuals lichen. Dirinaria spp. is the most found species in all three research stations. Lichen sering dipakai sebagai bioindikator pencemaran udara di suatu daerah karena sifatnya yang sensitif terhadap polusi. Struktur morfologi lichen yang tidak memiliki lapisan kutikula, stomata, dan organ absorptif, memaksa lichen untuk bertahan hidup di bawah cekaman polutan yang terdapat di udara. Sensitivitas lichen terhadap pencemaran udara dapat dilihat melalui perubahan keanekaragamannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman jenis lichen, mengkaji kondisi lingkungan dan pohon peneduh sebagai habitat lichen di Kota Semarang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober hingga November 2017 menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Sampling dilakukan di tiga stasiun penelitian, yakni: Terminal Mangkang, Kawasan Simpang Lima, dan Kampus Undip Tembalang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di ketiga stasiun pengamatan, diperoleh 18 spesies lichen, 13 spesies berhasil diidentifikasi dan 5 spesies belum teridentifikasi. Lichen yang diperoleh sebanyak 8 famili yakni Arthoniaceae, Caloplacaceae, Physciaceae, Graphidaceae, Lecanoraceae, Lecidellaceae, Leprariaceae dan Parmeliaceae. Jenis lichen tersebut termasuk dalam kelompok talus foliose dan crustose. Pohon peneduh yang paling banyak ditumbuhi lichen adalah mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni). Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener di ketiga stasiun penelitian yaitu: Terminal Mangkang (1,88), Kawasan Simpang Lima (2,95), dan Kampus Undip Tembalang (3,71). Jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu tertinggi terdapat di Kampus Undip Tembalang, dengan total 17 spesies dan 295 individu lichen. Dirinaria spp. merupakan spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan di ketiga stasiun penelitian.

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