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Journal of Social Research
Published by CV. International Journal Labs
ISSN : 28279832     EISSN : 2828335x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55324
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences
The Journal of Social Research is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by International Journal Labs. The Journal of Social Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Public Health, and Education that belong to the social context.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,301 Documents
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The Urgency of Synchronizing Regulations on the Concept of State Assets in State-Owned Enterprises Ningrum, Anak Agung Anggy Tryeza Purnama; Astawa, I Putu Puja
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3015

Abstract

The main issue raised in this paper is the urgency of synchronizing regulations on the concept of state assets in state-owned enterprises. It examines the synchronization of legal provisions concerning the status of assets owned by state-owned enterprises (SOEs), as regulated under various laws. The disharmony in these legal provisions regarding the status of SOE assets as part of state finances has resulted in legal uncertainty. The State Finance Law, the State Treasury Law, and the Law on Audit of the Management and Accountability of State Finances stipulate that state assets separated and placed in SOEs are considered part of state finances. Meanwhile, the SOE Law and its Third Amendment stipulate that state assets separated and placed in SOEs do not constitute state finances. This ambiguity regarding the status of SOE assets—whether they form part of state finances or belong to the SOEs as legal entities—gives rise to legal uncertainty. From the perspective of legal justice, treating SOE assets as state finances contravenes the principle of proportional equality, as it implies that the State does not recognize SOEs as private legal entities. Furthermore, from the standpoint of legal utility, the continued view that SOE assets are part of state finances creates confusion, particularly since SOE capital is not entirely sourced from state assets but also includes shares held by public investors. Therefore, it is imperative for the Government and the House of Representatives to revise the State Finance Law, the State Treasury Law, and the Law on Audit of the Management and Accountability of State Finances.
Governance and Accountability Crisis of State-Owned Enterprise Issuers: A Case Study of PT Indofarma Tbk (INAF.IJ) Within the Framework of Capital Market Law and Anti-Corruption Enforcement Christiandinata, Bondan
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3016

Abstract

This paper analyzes the governance and accountability crisis of PT Indofarma Tbk (INAF), a State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, in the perspective of capital market law, limited liability company law, and law on the eradication of corruption. This research departs from the deterioration of INAF's financial performance from 2020 to 2022, the change in auditor opinion to be reasonable with exceptions, the findings of the investigative audit of the Financial Audit Agency which indicate state losses, and the process of enforcing the criminal law of corruption against the Company's management. Using a normative juridical approach and case study, this paper examines the relationship between violations of information disclosure obligations, weak internal control, failure to supervise company organs, and criminal liability of SOEs Board of Directors. The results of the study show that the INAF case is not solely a business failure, but a manifestation of systemic violations of the principles of fiduciary duty, transparency, and accountability of public issuers. Furthermore, this study confirms a shift in the paradigm of Indonesian capital market law enforcement from an administrative compliance approach to an investigative audit-based law enforcement approach and economic criminal law. This paper concludes that public SOE governance reform requires stronger synergy between capital market regulators, law enforcement officials, and internal corporate oversight mechanisms to protect the interests of investors and maintain the integrity of Indonesia's capital market.
Transformation of the Risk Management Role from Second Line to One Point Five Line of Defense in Supporting Corporate Governance, Value Protection, and Value Creation: A Case Study of Implementation in an Indonesian Oil and Gas Company Sitepu, Evalina; Prehandhika, Edo
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3017

Abstract

Oil and Gas corporation operates within a highly complex energy value chain, exposing the company to strategic, operational, financial, and market risks. These dynamics underscore the need for a risk management function that not only protects value but also supports value creation in line with ISO 31000:2018 principles. This study examines the transformation of the risk management function from a traditional Second Line into a One Point Five Line model, introduced to address governance gaps and comply with UU No. 40 Tahun 2007. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants and document analysis focusing on the application of the Four Eyes Principle in investment, hedging, and credit processes. The results reveal that the transformation significantly enhances the integration of risk considerations into strategic decision-making. The involvement of the risk management function in investment, hedging, and credit committees strengthens oversight, improves alignment with corporate risk appetite, and increases accountability across organizational lines. The model also fosters more transparent documentation and higher-quality risk analysis, contributing to a more disciplined and data-driven decision-making process. Overall, the One Point Five Line model proves effective in improving internal controls while ensuring a balanced approach between value protection and value creation. These findings offer practical insights for state-owned enterprises and energy companies seeking to strengthen risk governance in increasingly complex business environments.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Digital Reputation Index and Financial Performance of Indonesian Insurance Companies Irewati, Titiek
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3019

Abstract

The enthusiasm of the Indonesian people for social media makes digital marketing strategies an important factor to increase brand strength through improving the company's postitf image. Social media is a place for companies to form positive online perceptions and reputations. This condition is the basis for research to find out how the consistency of positive reputation is on the financial performance of insurance companies in Indonesia. The relationship between the Digital Reputation Index (IRD) on the financial performance of insurance companies (gross premiums, productivity ratio and company profit) was analyzed based on data from 12 life insurance companies and 12 conventional general insurance companies respectively. The Spearman correlation test resulted in a significant positive directional relationship for the Digital Reputation Index to gross premiums (for life and general insurance companies). A non-significant positive directional relationship between the Digital Reputation Index and the Productivity Ratio (life and general insurance). A non-significant positive directional relationship between the Digital Reputation Index and the profits of life insurance companies while a significant positive relationship occurs with the profits of general insurance companies.
The Role of Uncitral in Standardizing International Project Contracts and Its Implementation in Indonesia Bobyarta, Egit; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami'an, Sami'an; Kunantiyorini , Anik
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3022

Abstract

The globalization of cross-border construction projects increases the need for legal certainty and uniformity in the arrangement of international construction contracts. Differences in national legal systems, the complexity of long-term projects, and the dynamics of technical and economic risks often lead to contractual imbalances and potential disputes. In this context, UNCITRAL plays an important role through the development of soft law international legal instruments, especially the UNCITRAL Legal Guide on Drawing Up International Contracts for the Construction of Industrial Works, which provides a principled normative framework for the design of international construction contracts. This study aims to analyze the role of UNCITRAL in the standardization of international construction contracts and examine the implementation of these principles in construction contract practices in Indonesia, taking into account the development of national contract standards regulated in the Regulation of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute Number 4 of 2024 and the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number 25 of 2020. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative, conceptual, and analytical approach to UNCITRAL instruments and relevant national regulations. The results show that UNCITRAL functions as a normative framework that emphasizes procedural clarity, proportionate risk allocation, contract adaptation to changing circumstances, and a tiered dispute resolution mechanism.
The Constitutional Rights of the Community Regarding Fair Development Projects: Legal Position and Legal Certainty Arthana, Nana; Sami'an, Sami'an; Vitayanti Noor, Ganis
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3023

Abstract

Construction projects inherently involve the public sphere because their outcomes directly impact community safety, welfare, and access to public facilities. Consequently, the fulfillment of constitutional rights—particularly the principles of equality before the law under Article 27(1) of the 1945 Constitution and legal certainty under Article 28D(1)—is essential to ensure that development is carried out fairly. This article examines how these rights are realized or potentially violated through two key regulatory instruments: construction contracts and building permit processes. Using a normative juridical method supported by statutory analysis, doctrinal review, and comparative reference to FIDIC Red Book 2017, the study identifies common sources of constitutional risk such as ambiguous technical specifications, unclear brand corridors, incomplete designs, and procedurally defective permits. The article concludes that strengthening contract documents, enhancing transparency of permitting procedures, and ensuring accountable public oversight are crucial for safeguarding constitutional rights in equitable development.
Sustainable Neighborhood in the Kemayoran Sunter Area Nugroho, Sapto; Shanti, Metta Vimalla; Nurgandarum, Dedes
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3030

Abstract

The KemayoranSunter area represents the urban transformation in Jakarta, from airport land and industrial landfill to a modern mixeduse center that includes offices, residential, and commercial, but this evolution actually poses complex challenges in achieving sustainable neighborhood status. The study highlights a review of eight dominant dimensions that are the main bottlenecks: water and climate biodiversity, carbon footprints, spatial design, renewable energy, landscape resilience, social justice, and environmental risks. This literature review uses a review approach of scientific journals and other documents to identify the dominant factors of inhibitions, such as post-industrial environmental degradation and socioeconomic imbalances, which are systematically analyzed through the eight-dimensional framework. The goal is to produce a comprehensive evaluation framework, allowing the measurement of the region's performance against global sustainable neighborhood standards while compiling contextual regenerative recommendations. This framework and recommendations are intended for stakeholders including local governments, property developers, and communities as a basis for development considerations, with a focus on holistic transformation towards a healthy, inclusive, and resilient environment, so that the KemayoranSunter Area can become an adaptive urban model in Indonesia
Abu Dzar Islamic School in The Development of Islamic Philanthropy (2010–2021) Fauziah, Irma; Hasyim, Abdul Wahid
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study discusses the factors behind the strengthening of philanthropic practices in integrated Islamic schools and explains how philanthropy can have a positive impact on improving the quality of education as well as exploring challenges and solutions in its implementation. Islamic philanthropy has long had a contribution to the world of education, this can be seen by the existence of educational institutions such as madrasas, schools, Islamic boarding schools and even universities. The main problem in this study is about the role of philanthropy in Islamic educational institutions (Schools). The analysis of this research uses a historical and sociological approach with the concepts used are around education and philanthropy. The practice of philanthropy at Abu Dzar Islamic School is carried out through Abu Dzar Peduli which is driven by at least five elements, namely a sense of concern for fellow humans, moral responsibility, principles in blessings, responsibility for da'wah, and the existence of a moral education mission (character). The results of this study show that the presence of Abu Dzar Islamic School in its philanthropic practice has an important role as an institution or non-state actor in the welfare of the community, especially those in South Tangerang in the field of education. His philanthropic practices include the development of educational institutions, the provision of scholarships, the provision of fee waivers for non-scholarship students, educational facilities, and long-term programs in the form of social and community training so that they can support the quality of education.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Dispute Adjudication Board: A Case Study of the Jakarta MRT Phase-1 Sulistyaningsih, Dewi
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3036

Abstract

Construction dispute resolution is a major challenge in large-scale infrastructure projects, especially in complex and high risk Design and Build contract systems. Before the implementation of the Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB), projects with traditional contracts in Indonesia showed high Variation Order values, around 15–20% of the total contract, as well as relatively long dispute resolution duration. Jakarta MRT Phase 1 was the first project in Indonesia to implement DAB based on the FIDIC Yellow Book, while also applying the fast dispute resolution mechanism in Indonesia through binding decision. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the DAB in improving efficiency of construction dispute resolution through a case study of Jakarta MRT Phase 1. This study uses qualitative descriptive method through literature review combined with case analysis of civil work packages CP101–CP106. It was found that DAB was able to resolve 11 disputes without escalation to arbitration and several were resolved through amicable settlement negotiations, with a low average variation order of 7.6% of the total initial contract price. These results indicate increase in time efficiency and legal certainty, although there are still challenges in terms of national regulations and human resource capacity in dispute management field.
Risk Analysis of Occupational Health and Safety in the Use of Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detector Using the House of Risk Safety, Health, Etc Method Insani, Shafa Amalia; Sudiarno, Adithya
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.3037

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and evaluate occupational safety and health (OSH) risks associated with the use of Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detection (GC-FID) equipment at PT. XYZ's laboratory. The GC-FID tool combines gas chromatography for compound separation and flame ionisation detection for measuring organic compound concentrations. It plays a crucial role in maintaining product quality before cigarettes are packaged. The study identifies and maps potential hazards in three operational stages: startup, operation, and shutdown. Risks such as gas leaks, flammable gas leaks, and burns due to high temperatures (150–200 °C) were found. Currently, the OSH management relies on standard operating procedures and personal protective equipment (PPE) without a structured system in place. Using the Healthy, Etc (HORshe) risk analysis method, the study identified 10 risk events and 11 risk agents. Through this analysis, 13 preventive measures were developed to mitigate the identified risks. The expected outcome is to improve OSH management, reduce workplace accidents, and create a safer and healthier working environment. The study provides strategic recommendations to enhance OSH practices in the laboratory.

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