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Journal of Social Research
Published by CV. International Journal Labs
ISSN : 28279832     EISSN : 2828335x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55324
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences
The Journal of Social Research is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by International Journal Labs. The Journal of Social Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Public Health, and Education that belong to the social context.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,688 Documents
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Legal Protection for Child Victims of Sexual Violence in Cirebon City Yholan Chernando; Ismayana
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3404

Abstract

Sexual violence against children is a crucial issue that has shown a steady increase over time and has significant impacts on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of victims. This study aims to examine the legal protection provided to child victims of sexual violence by the Women and Children's Service Unit (UPPA) of the Cirebon City Police, identify the obstacles that arise, and assess the effectiveness of its implementation. This study used an empirical juridical method with a sociological juridical approach, namely examining legal provisions and their application in practice through the collection of primary and secondary data. The results of the study indicate that legal protection for child victims of sexual violence is implemented through two main approaches: preventive and repressive. In the repressive approach, UPPA provides protection through an investigative process oriented towards the interests of the child, psychological assistance, protection of the victim's identity, and collaboration with various related parties to support the recovery process. The preventive approach is carried out through educational activities, outreach, and supervision involving families, communities, and the government to prevent acts of sexual violence. However, the implementation of this protection still faces various obstacles, including limited resources, low public awareness, and victims' psychological conditions, which can hinder the legal process. Therefore, more synergistic collaboration between law enforcement officials, the government, and the community is needed to ensure more effective and optimal legal protection for child victims of sexual violence, ensuring that children's rights are fully met.
Centralization of Work Processes as a Strategy for Optimizing Human Resources at PT MNC Asuransi Indonesia David Satria Jaya
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3405

Abstract

The research background is based on the need for general insurance companies to improve organizational efficiency, strengthen underwriting process controls, and reduce the potential for policy errors without reducing the workforce. This research aims to analyze the centralization of work processes as a human resource optimization strategy at PT MNC Asuransi Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were obtained through questionnaires to nine informants, open-ended responses, documentation, and limited observation. The research results show the centralization of underwriting approval and policy checking at the Head Office is considered relevant to clarify the division of roles between branch offices and the Head Office, strengthen technical functions, improve internal control, and support the implementation of Good Corporate Governance principles. The overall average questionnaire result was 4.27 or in the strongly agree category. The efficiency and internal control dimensions obtained a score of 4.30, while the overall assessment obtained a score of 4.44. However, the implementation of centralization still faces challenges in the form of the need for technology systems, SOPs, checklists, SLAs, internal communication, and periodic evaluations. This study concludes that centralization of work processes can be an effective HR optimization strategy if implemented proportionally and supported by the readiness of systems, procedures, and HR competencies.
The Effects of Service Quality, Experiential Marketing, Student Engagement, and Learning Quality on Student Loyalty Through Student Satisfaction in Extracurricular Dance Activities Deva Caren Anjali Mujianto; Edy Sulistiyawan; Tony Susilo Wibowo
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3406

Abstract

Educational institutions increasingly need to provide high-quality, engaging, and meaningful extracurricular experiences to enhance student satisfaction and loyalty. This study aimed to examine the effects of service quality, experiential marketing, student engagement, and learning quality on student loyalty, with student satisfaction as a mediating variable, in extracurricular dance activities at SD Bisma 2 Surabaya. A quantitative associative-causal research design using a cross-sectional survey approach was employed. The study involved the entire population of 85 active students through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The results showed that service quality, experiential marketing, student engagement, and learning quality had positive and significant effects on student satisfaction and student loyalty. Student satisfaction also had a positive and significant effect on loyalty and partially mediated the relationships between all four exogenous variables and student loyalty. Student engagement was the strongest predictor of student satisfaction, while student satisfaction was the strongest predictor of student loyalty. The model explained 70.3% of the variance in student satisfaction and 78.9% of the variance in student loyalty. These findings confirm that strengthening student engagement, learning quality, service quality, and positive extracurricular experiences can sustainably improve student loyalty within elementary school extracurricular education programs.
Determinants of International Trade in The Muslim Developing Countries of The D-8 (Developing Eight Countries) Siti Robiah
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3408

Abstract

Global economic integration has increased the importance of international trade for developing countries; however, trade performance among the Developing Eight (D-8) countries remains uneven and volatile. This study aims to examine the determinants of international trade in D-8 Muslim developing countries by assessing the roles of exchange rates, inflation, labor force participation, internet use, and government effectiveness. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed using panel data from seven D-8 member countries—Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Turkey—covering the period from 2009 to 2023. Data were obtained from the World Bank and analyzed using panel data regression with EViews 13. The results show that exchange rates, inflation, and government effectiveness have positive and statistically significant effects on international trade, while labor force participation has a positive but statistically insignificant effect, and internet use has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. Collectively, the independent variables significantly explain variations in international trade, with an R-squared value of 0.7432. These findings indicate that macroeconomic stability and effective institutions are key drivers of trade performance, whereas labor availability and internet penetration alone are insufficient to strengthen trade outcomes. The study concludes that D-8 countries should reinforce institutional quality, maintain macroeconomic stability, and improve workforce capabilities and technological capacity to enhance international trade competitiveness in global markets.
An Improved Electro-Geometric Model for The 150 kV Kenten–Tanjung Api-Api High-Voltage Overhead Line (Sutt) to Enhance The Performance of The Lightning Protection System Salhadi Prataba; Ridha Yasser; Rudy Setiabudi
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3411

Abstract

Lightning strikes remain one of the major causes of disturbances in high-voltage overhead transmission lines, particularly in tropical regions with high lightning activity, such as Indonesia. Failures caused by shielding failure and back flashover can reduce transmission reliability and lead to operational disruptions. The 150 kV Kenten–Tanjung Api-Api High-Voltage Overhead Line (SUTT) experienced lightning-related disturbances during the 2022–2025 period, indicating the need for a more accurate evaluation of its lightning protection performance. This study aims to analyze the performance of the lightning protection system and identify vulnerable towers using the Improved Electro-Geometric Model (IEGM) method. The research employed a case study approach using tower construction data, lightning strike records from the Lightning Detection System (LDS), and historical disturbance data. The analysis involved channel geometry modeling, striking distance calculations, shielding failure assessment, back flashover evaluation, and tower risk classification. The results show that the IEGM method provides a comprehensive assessment by integrating lightning characteristics, tower geometry, grounding conditions, and protection parameters. The analysis successfully identified variations in shielding performance and tower vulnerability levels along the transmission line. Several towers were classified as requiring priority improvements due to higher risks associated with shielding failure and back flashover. The study concludes that segmented IEGM analysis can be effectively applied as a decision-support tool for optimizing lightning protection systems, improving maintenance priorities, and enhancing the reliability of high-voltage transmission networks.
Normative Conflict Between the ACFTA Agreement and National Customs Regulations in the Application of Form E Certificates of Origin: A Study of Tax Court Decisions Regarding the Denial of Preferential Tariffs Hendi Budi Santosa; Lukman Hakim; Sirajuddin
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3412

Abstract

This article examined the legal standing of ACFTA within Indonesia’s customs law system, identified the forms of normative conflict between ACFTA and domestic regulations, and analyzed the legal reasoning applied by the Indonesian Tax Court in resolving such disputes. This study employed normative (doctrinal) legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, analyzing nine Tax Court decisions through the theoretical frameworks of Gustav Radbruch’s legal certainty theory, Kelsen–Nawiasky’s norm hierarchy theory, and the substance-over-form principle. The findings indicated that ACFTA formally held the status of a Presidential Regulation within Indonesia’s legal hierarchy but remained fully binding under the principle of pacta sunt servanda. Therefore, the right to preferential tariffs was substantive and could not be nullified solely due to procedural non-compliance that did not affect the material truth of the goods’ origin. The identified normative conflict was multi-layered, encompassing hierarchical-vertical, teleological, proportionality, and interpretive dimensions. Analysis of the nine decisions revealed a dominant substantive-hierarchical approach that aligned with all three theoretical frameworks; however, consistent dissenting opinions in six of the nine decisions indicated a systemic deficit in legal certainty. This research formulated a four-pillar model for resolving normative conflicts, which may serve as a reference for the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, the Ministry of Finance, and the Tax Court in strengthening legal certainty for customs and international trade stakeholders.
The Relationship Between Stress Levels and Irregular Menstrual Cycles Among Female High School Students at Al Azhar Kelapa Gading: An Islamic Perspective Madinatush Shabrina; Fita Maulina; Muhammad Arsyad
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3415

Abstract

Menstrual cycle irregularities are one of the reproductive health problems frequently experienced by adolescent girls and can be influenced by various factors, including psychological stress. This research aimed to determine the relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycle irregularities among female students at Al-Azhar Kelapa Gading High School and to review the findings from an Islamic perspective. This quantitative cross-sectional research involved 60 female students selected from 188 using quota sampling. Data were collected via the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and structured questions on menstrual cycles, then analyzed using univariate analysis and the Pearson Chi-Square test to examine the association between stress levels and menstrual irregularities. The results showed that most respondents experienced moderate stress levels (66.7%), followed by low stress levels (20.0%) and severe stress levels (13.3%). Regarding menstrual cycles, 83.3% of respondents had regular cycles, while 16.7% experienced irregular cycles. The statistical analysis revealed a significant association between stress levels and menstrual cycle irregularities with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Respondents with severe stress levels were more likely to report irregular menstrual cycles compared to those with lower stress levels. These findings suggest that psychological stress may affect menstrual regularity through hormonal disturbances, though the cross-sectional design prevents causal conclusions. From an Islamic perspective, managing stress through patience, dhikr, and tawakal is essential for maintaining mental, spiritual, and physical balance. This study underscores the importance of stress management education for adolescent girls to improve reproductive health and provides empirical evidence to support school-based health interventions.
Analysis of the Performance of Civil Servants (PNS) in the Administration of Population Affairs at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Yalimo Regency Roida Hutabalian; Kajagi Kalman; Amsal Nahabial
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3419

Abstract

Population administration is essential for ensuring citizens’ legal identity, access to public services, and accurate demographic data; however, service delivery in geographically isolated regions remains challenging. This study aimed to examine the performance of Civil Servants (PNS) in implementing population administration and civil registration services at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Yalimo Regency and to identify the main obstacles affecting their performance. The study employed normative and empirical juridical approaches using statutory analysis, literature review, observation, and interviews with government officials and community members. The findings revealed that civil servants had attempted to provide population administration services, including Family Cards, Identity Cards, birth certificates, marriage certificates, death certificates, and other civil registration documents. However, service performance remained suboptimal, particularly in remote districts and villages. Major constraints included challenging mountainous geography, long travel distances, limited transportation, inadequate electricity and internet access, insufficient office facilities, limited proficiency in administrative information systems, employee attendance and coordination issues, and low community participation. The study concluded that improving population administration services in Yalimo Regency requires strengthening employee competence and discipline, improving infrastructure and technology, enhancing coordination, and implementing proactive service strategies adapted to local geographical and social conditions to ensure more equitable access to services throughout the regency.
Legal Analysis of the Implementation of the Duties of the Investigation Supervisor (Wassidik) at the General Criminal Investigation Directorate of the Papua Provincial Police Muhammad Husni Ingratubun; Yulianus Pabassing; Matius Agian
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i9.3420

Abstract

Effective supervision of criminal investigations is essential to ensuring professionalism, accountability, procedural compliance, and the protection of public rights within law enforcement institutions. This study aimed to examine the implementation of the duties of Investigation Supervisors (Wassidik) and identify factors affecting the effectiveness of investigation supervision at the Directorate of General Criminal Investigation of the Papua Regional Police. The study employed an empirical juridical approach conducted at the Papua Regional Police, involving eight purposively selected informants from the Wassidik and investigative units. Data were collected through interviews, literature reviews, and document analysis and were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively by comparing legal norms with field practices. The findings revealed that Wassidik duties were implemented through assistance, supervision, case reviews, and preliminary examinations in accordance with applicable standard operating procedures. However, supervisory effectiveness remained constrained by high workloads, limited personnel, inadequate operational and digital infrastructure, budget limitations, geographical challenges, differences in legal interpretation, community and customary-law factors, and weak disciplinary sanctions. These conditions reduced the optimal deterrent and corrective functions of supervision. The study concluded that investigation supervision was normatively established and operationally implemented; however, its effectiveness required stronger sanctions, improved resources, enhanced infrastructure, and more consistent supervisory mechanisms across policing jurisdictions in Papua.
Difference in Effectiveness Between The Use of Captopril and Amlodipine on Lowering Blood Pressure in Primary Hypertension Cases at The Piyungan Health Center Dwi Adi Saputra; Hidayatul Kurniawati
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 10 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i10.3428

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, with sufferers estimated to reach 1.5 billion and mortality reaching 9.4 million individuals by 2025. In Indonesia, hypertension prevalence reached 34.1% (Riskesdas, 2018), with the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) recording 11.01%. Captopril and amlodipine are commonly used first-line antihypertensive drugs. This study aims to determine the difference in effectiveness between captopril and amlodipine in reducing blood pressure among patients with primary hypertension. Method: This retrospective, before-after (pre-post) comparative study used secondary data from the medical records of 151 outpatients at the Piyungan Health Center (31 receiving captopril and 120 receiving amlodipine). Blood pressure was assessed before and after drug administration. Based on data normality and homogeneity testing, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze systolic blood pressure and the One-Way ANOVA test to analyze diastolic blood pressure. Results: Both tests showed significant results (p=0.000; p<0.05). Post hoc analysis showed that captopril reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 5.387 and 5.774 mmHg, respectively, while amlodipine reduced them by 11.858 and 5.258 mmHg. Conclusion: Both captopril and amlodipine significantly reduced blood pressure. Amlodipine was significantly more effective in reducing systolic blood pressure, whereas the difference between the two drugs in reducing diastolic blood pressure was minimal and not clinically meaningful.

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