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INDONESIA
Hemera Zoa
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 391 Documents
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KIVMP-2 Analisis Patotipe Virus H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c yang Bersirkulasi di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2016-2017 Arif Setiani Wahyuning Tyas; Hastary Wuryastity; Raden Wasito
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Avian influenza (AI) merupakan penyakit infeksius disebabkan oleh virus influenza tipe A dari famili Orthomyxoviridae (Boyce et al., 2009) yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerugian bagi dunia perunggasan di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Virus AI memiliki 8 segmen gen yang berbeda yang mengkode 10 jenis protein virus yang berbeda. Struktur protein dalam virion dewasa dapat dibagi menjadi protein permukaan dan protein internal. Termasuk ke dalam protein permukaan adalah hemaglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), dan membran kanal ion (M2), sedangkan protein-protein internal meliputi nukleoprotein (NP), protein matriks (M1), dan kompleks polimerase yang tersusun dari polimerase basa 1 (PB1), polimerase basa 2 (PB2), dan polimerase asam (PA). Dua protein tambahan lainnya adalah protein nonstruktural 1 (NS1) dan nonstruktural 2 (NS2) (Lee dan Saif, 2009).Virus influenza A dikelompokkan berdasarkan dua antigen permukaan virus, yaitu protein hemaglutinin (HA) dan protein neuraminidase (NA), yang sampai saat ini telah ditemukan 18 HA (H1-H18) dan 11 NA (N1-N11)  (Tong et al., 2013; Heider, 2015). Hemaglutinin (HA) memiliki fungsi utama untuk menginisiasi infeksi, berinteraksi dengan reseptor asam sialat sel hospes (Edinger et al., 2014) serta menentukan patogenisitas virus AI H5N1 (Li et al., 2011).Wabah highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtipe H5N1 pertama kali dilaporkan pada unggas di Indonesia pada tahun 2003. Kejadian wabah penyakit antara periode 2003-2004, virus-virus H5N1 di Indonesia masih merupakan clade 2.1. Dua tahun kemudian setelah kejadian wabah pertama, clade 2.1 berkembang menjadi tiga sublineage virus, yaitu clade 2.1.1, 2.1.2 dan 2.1.3 (Anonim, 2008). Sub-clade 2.1.2 terdiri dari virus-virus yang menginfeksi unggas dan manusia. Sub-clade 2.1.3 berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dari kasus fatal pertama H5N1 di manusia di Indonesia pada tahun 2005 (Parry, 2005). Sejak tahun 2008, virus-virus clade 2.1.1 dan 2.1.2 tidak lagi dijumpai baik pada unggas dan manusia, sedangkan virus-virus dari clade 2.1.3 terus berkembang menjadi tiga kelompok virus baru, hasil evolusi dari sub-clade 2.1.3 membentuk sub-clade baru yang masih termasuk dalam sub clade 2.1.3 (Takano et al., 2009) yaitu sub-sub-clade 2.1.3.1,  2.1.3.2  dan  2.1.3.3 (Wibawa et al., 2014). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis clade dan patotipe pada virus AI clade 2.3.2.1c yang bersirkulasi di Lampung pada tahun 2016-2017.
PF-27 Incidence of Feline Dermatophytosis at Dramaga, Bogor in 2013-2018 Agustin Indrawati; Titiek Sunartati; Handina Rakhmawati
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Indonesia has a tropical climate and high humidity that give a high prevalence for fungal infections in cat skin such as Feline dermatophytosis (ringworm). Dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection of cats and one of the most important infectious skin diseases in this species. It may be transmitted to other animal species and also contangious nature, zoonotic potential (Moriello, 2014). Feline dermatophytosis cases are caused by genera Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. All of these agents produce proteolytic and keratolytic enzymes that enable them to utilize keratin as the sole source of nutrition after colonization of the dead, keratinized portion of epidermal tissue (mostly stratum corneum and hairs, sometimes nails) (Mattei et al., 2014). The aim of this study are to identified and evaluate the kind of fungal that can cause feline dermatofitosis in Dramaga in 2013 until 2018.
PF-28 Worms Infestation on Stray Cats in Central Bogor Tetty Barunawati Siagian; Risa Tiuria
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Stray cats are cats that roam freely in the environment around human beings. Central Bogor is one of the administrative region that is located right at the downtown of Bogor. This region consists of diversity of places such as markets, terminals, campus, schools, housing areas, and many more. The human population in Central Bogor are much more compared to other regions. The diversity of places and dense residential population are one of the factors that increases the cat population in Central Bogor due to the characteristics of the cats that breed and adapt to the environment easily. Stray cats are usually close to human beings, without realizing that their presence has the potential to cause health problems to the society. The outspread of zoonotic parasitic worms is one of the problem caused by stray cats. Research about infestion of zoonotic parasitic worms in Indonesia is still rare compared to pet cats [1,2,3]. Specific research about worm infestation had been done in Central Bogor on pet cats [4] but has never done any on stray cats. The objective of this research is to determine the presence of worm infestations on stray cats in the Central Bogor region.
KIVPU-1 Tren Hasil Pengujian Residu Antibiotik pada Daging Ayam di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2017 Monika Danaparamitha Andriani; H Anisatun; A H Utari; A Retnowati; A Riandi; N Triwijayanti; A T Wijatagati
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Keamanan pangan merupakan salah satu isu yang sedang berkembang di Indonesia, terutama terkait pangan asal hewan. Hal ini dikarenakan banyaknya masyarakat yang mulai memahami pentingnya mengonsumsi bahan pangan yang berkualitas baik secara fisik maupun non fisik. Menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan, keamanan pangan adalah kondisi dan upaya yang diperlukan untuk mencegah pangan dari kemungkinan cemaran biologis, kimia, dan benda lain yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan, dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi [1].Balai Pengujian Mutu dan Sertifikasi Produk Hewan (BPMSPH) sebagai unit pelaksana teknis Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Kementerian Pertanian memiliki tugas dan fungsi untuk melaksanakan pemeriksaan, pengujian, dan sertifikasi keamanan, dan mutu produk hewan.  Setiap tahunnya, BPMSPH melakukan monitoring dan surveilans terhadap produk hewan yang beredar di Indonesia melalui pemeriksaan dan pengujian pada sampel produk hewan untuk memastikan bahwa produk hewan yang beredar di Indonesia aman, sehat, utuh, dan halal (ASUH). Adapun salah satu pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengujian terhadap residu antibiotik yang terkandung pada produk pangan asal hewan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tren hasil uji positif residu antibiotik pada sampel daging ayam yang beredar di wilayah Indonesia selama tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2017.
PF-29 Worms Infestation in Stray Cats at North Bogor Risa Tiuria; Tetty Barunawati Siagian
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Stray cats population are high in Indonesia, including in North Bogor area which is a part of Bogor City. North Bogor is the fourth largest area of 6 districts in the city of Bogor. North Bogor are an area of industrial with a lot of factories and housing. This vast area of North Bogor is a suitable place to live for stray cats. Stray cats can easy to breed and adapt in any environment. This is some of the factors in the increasing population of stray cats in North Bogor. Stray cats have a high interaction human life. The existence of this stray cats has the potential to cause zoonotic disease for humans. One of the problems caused by stray cats is the presence of zoonotic parasitic worms. Stray cats have the potential for occurrence of worm infections [1]. Research on zoonotic worm infections in stray cats is still rarely performed in Indonesia when compared to domesticated cats [2,3,4]. Specific worm infection studies such as Toxocara cati have been done in pet cats in Bogor city [5] and in Denpasar City, Bali [2,3] but have not been done to stray cats in the City of Bogor. For that it requires more studies on infection of worms in stray cats in the city of Bogor. This study aims to identify worms in stray cats in the area of North Bogor.
PF-31 Pregnancy Examination and Fetal Development of Indonesian Domestic Rabbits by Ultrasonography Charisha Florence Fraser; Ligaya ITA Tumbelaka; Deni Noviana
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Ultrasonography has added benefits such as fetal sexing, early embryonic detection and is less invasive than rectal palpation. Besides, it also has the ability to visually characterize the uterus, fetus, ovary, corpus luteum, and follicles. In order to study the influence of fetal growth on further development in animal models like the rabbit, methods of measurement of fetal and placental size must be measured and viability must be established and validated (Chavatte-Palmer et al. 2008). This research is carried out to detect the earliest day of conception in Indonesian domestic rabbits by means of ultrasonography as well as to study the fetal development by analyzing the images produced during the pregnancy check on embryonic vesicle, body diameter and head diameter.
PF-32 Radiography Assessment of Femoral Muscle and Bone Density in Rats as Response to Biodegradable Iron (Fe) Porous Implants Arlita Sariningrum; Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum; Sri Estuningsih; Deni Noviana
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Iron (Fe) is considered as one group of metals that can be used as degradable metal implants (Schinhammer et al. 2010). Previous implantation studies have used porous Fe which purposes to increase the rate of degradation (Daud and Hermawan 2013). Changes in the condition of metal implants due to degradation and peri-implant muscle tissue reactions in the body can be observed using radiographic modality (Noviana et al. 2013). The aim of this study was to assess the radiographic density of implants, peri-implants and peri-implants-muscle as a response to Fe porous implants on the femur of the rats. 
SA-1 Conjunctivitis Treatment in Dog with Alkaline Water Eye Drop A A S I Pradnyantari; A A N G D Wisesa; I W Y Semarariana; A A N O Pujawan; M P A Yunikawati; P T E Sucitrayani; P S Dwipartha; I N Suartha
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctival tissue that lines the eyelids and covers the sclera. The conjunctiva is the exposed mucous membrane and reacts to antigenic stimulation caused by contact with harmful stimuli. Handling of cases of conjunctivitis is generally treated with the administration of glucocorticoid antibiotics and topical antibiotics and broad spectrum (Ron, 2017). However, handling using Alkaline Eye Drop is still rare even never done especially in dogs. Alkaline Eye Drop is a liquid with an alkaline pH, the normal dog's eye pH is 8.05 (Billie et al, 2014). Alkaline water is easy to obtain and affordable. The use of Alkaline water to date has not been detected toxicity in the eye. But it is already used in humans to drink and cause antioxidant effects to the body (Rosa et al., 2012). It became the basis of the use of Alkaline Eye Drop for treatment in this case. The purpose of this paper is to get a more efficient, effective and without complications.
KIVPU-2 Tren Hasil Pengujian Residu Antibiotik pada Telur Ayam di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2017 Ajeng Herpianti Utari; A Retnowati; M D Andriani; H Anisatun; A Riandi; E Nur
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Telur ayam merupakan produk pangan asal hewan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat di Indonesia, karena mudah diperoleh dan merupakan sumber protein tinggi dengan harga yang relatif terjangkau. Kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengonsumsi telur semakin meningkat. Konsumsi telur ayam ras per kapita tahun 2016 sebesar 99,796 butir, mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2,46 % dari konsumsi tahun 2015 sebesar 97,398 butir [1]. Kondisi ini mendorong peternak ayam petelur untuk menaikkan jumlah produksi dalam memenuhi permintaan telur yang semakin meningkat. Industri peternakan ayam di Indonesia tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan penggunaan antibiotik sebagai upaya kuratif dalam pengendalian penyakit yang dapat menjadi kendala produksi telur. Selain itu, pemberian antibiotik juga digunakan sebagai imbuhan pakan (feed additive) untuk memacu pertumbuhan (growth promotor), meningkatkan produksi, dan efisiensi penggunaan pakan [2].Bahaya yang diakibatkan dari penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak sesuai aturan dapat meninggalkan residu pada jaringan dan organ, termasuk pada telur. Maka peternak perlu mengetahui aturan pemakaian antibiotika secara selektif dan terkontrol. Pemerintah melalui Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2009 pasal 22 ayat 4 huruf c tentang Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan sebagaimana telah direvisi dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2014, melarang penggunaan pakan yang dicampur hormon tertentu dan/atau antibiotik imbuhan pakan. Hal ini, sejalan dengan kebijakan WHO untuk mengurangi penggunaan berlebih antibiotik pada peternakan dan perikanan [3].Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, pengawasan residu pangan asal hewan sangat penting dalam rangka perlindungan kesehatan dan keamanan konsumen.  Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan melakukan Pengawasan Monitoring dan Surveilans Residu (PMSR) dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia setiap tahunnya. PMSR merupakan salah satu tugas, pokok dan fungsi dari Balai Pengujian Mutu dan Sertifikasi Produk Hewan (BPMSPH).Tujuan dari penulisan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui trend hasil uji positif residu 4 golongan antibiotik yang banyak di gunakan di dunia peternakan (Penisilin, Makrolida, Aminoglikosida dan Tetrasiklin) pada telur ayam di Indonesia selama tahun 2015 – 2017 dengan metode skrining dan meningkatkan kesadaran peternak serta konsumen akan bahaya dari residu antibiotik pada telur ayam. 
SA-2 Representation of Various Systematic Disruptions within the Patients Handled at “Klinik Hewan Jogja” between January and June 2018 Ida Tjahajati; Adellyna Chrissandra; Anggi D Prayitno; Begum F R Aditya; E Rrarindah; L Rifiyanta; M A Candra; T A Widiastuti; S I Astuti
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Various diseases or disruption could affect all of the patients handled at any clinic or hospital. The health problems would be varied, depending on the disease or systemic disruption that ailed the patient. This research aims to figure out the spread of said health problems in the patients handled at Klinik Hewan Jogja between January and June 2018.A numerical representation of afflictions that ails the patients in a clinic or a hospital during a period of time would provide the information needed to anticipate several diseases, facilitate easier treatment and follow-up actions for certain ailments, offer prevention methods, and lastly to yield data for clients' education. The data gathered is also vital to give a general picture the problems that frequent a certain area, thus imparting important information to all other clinics or hospitals in the said region.

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