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Hemera Zoa
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 391 Documents
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KIVSL-1 Anestesi Kombinasi pada Badak Sumatra: Prosedur Awal Koleksi Sperma menggunakan Elektroejakulator Avinta Nilam Wahyu Yudhichia; Ni Made Ferawati; Zulfi Arsan; Sumadi Hasmaran; Scott Citino; Benn Bryant
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Badak Sumatra (Dicerorhinus sumatraensis) merupakan salah satu satwa liar yang populasinya didunia semakin menurun dengan status konservasinya Critically endangered atau sangat terancam punah. Populasi badak Sumatra saat ini adalah kurang dari 100 ekor (Miller PS et al. 2015). Penurunan populasi badak sumatra diakibatkan oleh beberapa hal yaitu perburuan liar, perdagangan ilegal, perusakan atau degradasi habitat, perambahan hutan dan sifat intrinsik Badak Sumatra (Alikodra 2002). Kondisi tersebut mendorong pakar satwa liar baik dalam negeri ataupun luar negeri untuk membuat suatu penangkaran (suaka/sanctuary) semi insitu di Taman Nasional Way Kambas (TNWK). TNWK adalah salah satu habitat terbaik dari Badak Sumatra  untuk tetap hidup dan berkembang biak. Suaka Rhino Sumatra (SRS) penangkaran semi insitu yang terletak di zona khusus Taman Nasional Way Kambas, Lampung Timur. SRS beroperasi pada tahun 1998, bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dan meningkatkan populasi Badak Sumatra melalui program breeding secara intensif baik alami maupun menggunakan teknologi reproduksi. Saat ini SRS memiliki 7 ekor badak, 4 ekor betina dan 3 ekor jantan. Salah satu kegiatan rutin dalam hal teknologi reproduksi yang dilakukan adalah koleksi sperma pada badak jantan produktif di SRS. Sperma yang dikoleksi akan disimpan dalam nitrogen cair dan akan digunakan untuk inseminasi buatan pada badak betina yang sulit dilakukan breeding secara alami.Salah satu prosedur penting dalam kegiatan koleksi sperma adalah prosedur anestesi yang tepat. Anestesi merupakan suatu keadaan hilangnya rasa dari suatu rangsangan, dengan demikian hewan menjadi lebih tenang, hilangnya reflex, relasasi otot dan  kehilangan respon nyeri sehingga akan mempermudah tindakan diagnostik, terapeutik dan pembedahan.  Anestesi yang ideal merupakan anestesi yang menghasilkan keadaan analgesia, sedasi, relaksasi, aman untuk kondisi fisiologis tubuh serta mudah dalam pengaplikasiannya (Fossum 1997 dalam Sudisma et al. 2012). Anestesi yang digunakan dalam prosedur koleksi sperma adalah anestesi kombinasi dari beberapa jenis sediaan anestesi yaitu butorphanol, medetomidine, dan ketamin.
SA-8 Non-Surgical Treatment of Unilateral Cherry Eye in Shih-Tzu Puppies Dodik Prasetyo; . Aulani'am; Galuh Pawestri Prameswari
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Prolaps of third eyelid gland  is a disease of young dogs, from 4 weeks to 2 years of age. Prolaps of the gland may appear as a red mass in the medial canthus. The prolaps is sudden in onset but it may regress once or twice for a few days and finally returns to remain for the animal’s life. Certain breeds such as the American Cocker Spaniel, English Bulldog, Boston Terrier, Lhasa Apso, Shih-Tzu, Beagle, and Pekingese are more prone to develop the condition. The etiology is unknown, and there is disagreement as to whether inflammation predisposes the animal to prolapsed [1]. Prolapse of the nictitans gland mainly seen in the dog, unilateral or more frequently bilateral, and usually one eye following the others, often in young dog including puppies, and known as “cherry eye” [2]. A thorough, relevant history is an important part of the diagnostic process. To use the problem-oriented approach, the clinician first determines the major problems that have caused the owner to present the animal for examination. An ophthalmic examination requires a minimum of equipment (Focal light source,  Magnifying loupes,  Direct ophthalmoscope,  Indirect funduscopic lens,  Schirmer tear test strips,  Fluorescein test strips,  Tonometer,  Tropicamide (1%),  Proparacaine / topical anesthetic,  Sterile eye wash/rinse) [3].  Initial treatment with a topical antibiotic/steroid preparation may appear transiently to cause the gland to become replaced. Although not recommended by veterinary ophthalmologists, excision of the gland is still widely practiced by the general practioner [1].
SA-9 Mucinous Mamari Carsinoma and Mammary Adenoma in Young Cat Ester Sembiring
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Cat mammary tumors commonly occur in female cats above 9 years of age. The 85% mamae tumor in cats is malignant, characterized by rapid growth and spread. The cat race that has the highest presdiposis factor is Persian, followed by Siamse, and Mancoon. Mamae's tumor in Mimika cat occurs at the age of 6 months, Mimika is a female cat with a Maincoon race.
SA-10 Surgical Approaches to Feline Mammary Tumor and Abdominal Mass Nimas Ayu Pertiwi
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Mostly the feline mammary tumors are malignant tumors, the ratio or percentage of malignant mammary tumors is higher in cat (86%) as compared to dog (42%) and the histology of feline mammary tumors is closer to that in human breast cancer[1]. Adenocarcinomas are the second frequent tumor in cats, followed by mast cell tumor. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) are thought to originate from the interstitial cells which from a network that coordinates peristalsis in gastrointestinal tract. These occur most frequently in the jejunum, caecum and colon[2]. Abdominal radiography image and histophatological examination helped to diagnose and the way to decide the treatment.
KIVSL-2 Pengaruh Keberadaan Jaringan Fibroid pada Saluran Reproduksi Badak Sumatera Betina terhadap Potensi Kebuntingannya Ni Made Ferawati; Zulfi Arsan; Agvinta Nilam Wahyu Yudhichia; Sumadi Hasmaran; Terri Roth
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Badak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) merupakan salah satu dari 5 spesies badak di dunia yang hampir mengalami kepunahan. Saat ini, badak Sumatera hanya bisa ditemukan dikedalaman hutan hujan tropis pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan.  Pada Tahun 2015, berdasarkan hasil pertemuan PVA (Poppulation Viability Analysis) Badak Sumatera, diketahui bahwa jumlah individu badak Sumatera di dunia adalah kurang dari 100 individu. Beberapa penyebab penurunan populasi badak Sumatera di alam antara lain adalah perburuan, kehilangan habitat, bencana alam, tidak mampu berkembang biak (intrinsik), perubahan iklim, serta  adanya spesies invasif (Hermes et al. 2014).Suaka Rhino Sumatera (SRS) merupakan salah tempat penangkaran badak Sumatera di dunia yang dibangun sejak tahun 1996. Misi utama SRS adalah sebagai salah satu breeding centre badak sumatera dengan upaya pengembangbiakan yang intensif. Penangkaran ini terletak di dalam kawasan hutan Taman Nasional Way Kambas dengan luas sekitar 100 Ha. SRS memiliki habitat semi in situ dengan topografi, vegetasi, dan juga pakan alami yang dibuat sesuai dengan habitat badak Sumatera. Saat ini SRS memiliki 7 ekor badak dengan perbandingan 4 ekor jantan dan 3 ekor  betina. Kesehatan organ reproduksi badak jantan dan badak betina menjadi faktor penting dalam upaya pengembangbiakannya. Selain itu, waktu penggabungan badak yang tepat sesuai siklusnya akan menjadi faktor penting lainnya untuk mencapai keberhasilan program breeding ini. Rosa dan Andalas adalah salah satu pasangan badak Sumatera yang sudah mulai dikenalkan satu sama lain sejak tahun 2010. Rosa adalah badak Sumatera betina yang ditangkap dan dibawa ke SRS pada tahun 2005 dari Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan sedangkan Andalas adalah badak Sumatera jantan yang lahir di kebun binatang Cinncinati, Amerika Serikat dan mulai tinggal di SRS sejak 2007. Andalas adalah salah satu badak jantan di SRS yang sudah terbukti memiliki keturunan sedangkan Rosa adalah badak betina yang belum pernah memiliki keturunan. Saat ini Andalas berumur 16 tahun sedangkan Rosa diperkirakan telah berumur 17 tahun (estimasi). Program breeding memiliki kesulitan selain karena penebalan selaput hymen dari Rosa, juga kerena adanya fibroid pada saluran reproduksinya. Fibroid atau mioma uteri, merupakan neoplasia jinak pada bagian dinding uteri yang terbentuk dari jaringan otot polos uterus dan jaringan fibrosa (Miller et al, 2014). Fibroid ini muncul diduga karena tingginya paparan hormon estrogen selama usia reproduktif (Umamageswari et al. 2015). Fibroid telah dideteksi sejak tahun 2014 dan ukurannya semakin bertambah setiap tahun. Keberadaan jaringan ini diduga menjadi salah satu faktor sulitnya badak Rosa untuk bereproduksi. Tulisan ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh jaringan fibroid ini terhadap potensi kebuntingan badak Rosa selama masa reproduksi.
SA-11 The Total Count of CPS on Hand Holding Dog Swab in UNAIR Animal Hospital, Before and After Cleaning based on Islamic Rules and Cleaning Using Soap Gretania Residiwati; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Didik Handijatno
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Purify our self from the dirt is highly regarded in Islamic principles because that is one of legitimate requirements of a worship. In Islamic law, dogs are classified including into the severe unclean category, where there are some perspectives against the nature of unclean possess by dog.  The way of purification is to wash as much seven times, and one of them using soil (Handi, 2008).Essentially, the unclean determination for dog saliva is viewed from ritual dimensions, instead of rational, thus there should be no reason logically. Furthermore, we cannot mix the concept of holiness according to the religion with a sterile concept if we relate to the medical side. However, as far as we know the sacred way, surely there is a great secret that Our Creator has saved, thus we need to explore more deeply.The means of transmitting pathogenic germs has been realized since the 1840s, where proper hand hygiene can reduce or prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Dobson (2003) mentioned that washing hands can prevent more than 1 million deaths per year due to illness diarrhea, while washing hands with soap can reduce diarrhea up to 47%.Jayne (2002) who compared the number of bacteria that successfully grown from the saliva of dogs, cats and humans, mentioned that bacteria in dog saliva had the largest number with 53 colonies, while cats had 16 and human with 5 colonies. The bacteria derived from dog saliva have the fastest grow and the most varied colonies colors.Staphylococcus sp. is a normal flora that we can find on the skin, ears, swabs of nasal mucosa and mouth, also saliva of dog. This bacterium includes into opportunistic pathogens bacteria that can cause canine pyoderma, abscesses, otitis externa, infection of wound and urinary tract in dogs. In humans, they can cause external otitis, cardiomyopathy and endocarditis, food poisoning outbreaks, catheterrelated bacteremia, pneumonia and brain abscesses (Borjesson, 2014). S.intermedius and S.aureus are bacteria belonging to the Coagulase Positive Staphylococci (CPS) group which plays an important role in cases of skin infections in dogs and they are zoonotic (Hajek, 1967). Tanner et al (2000), reported that this bacterial transmission through pets to humans is a common case at home and inflict various diseases on dog owners.In Indonesia, limited studies of various causative agents of diseases makes we lack to know whether the cause of the various diseases that are currently emerging. Thus, the efforts of preventive that should be more necessary to do rarely get a serious attention. Whereas very possible, that our lovely pet is one of the source of the various diseases transmissions because of less precise of biosafety.There is no further proof yet, whether the concept of Islamic purification for saliva of dog also includes the concept of sterility against bacteria based on medical guidance. As an early stage, this paper will be elaborated how the total of CPS from hand swab holder dogs at Animal Hospital of Education, Airlangga University, Surabaya, before and after purification with soil according to Islamic principles and cleaning using soap.
KIVP-1 Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri pada Susu Mastitis Subklinis di Balai Besar Pelatihan Peternakan Batu Reni Indrawati; Widya Ayu Prasdini
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Mastitis subklinis merupakan penyakit yang berpengaruh besar dalam peternakan sapi perah, diantaranya adalah terjadinya penurunan produksi dan kualitas susu. Ada dua jenis mastitis yaitu, mastitis kontagiosa dan mastitis karena faktor lingkungan. Mastitis kontagiosa terjadi karena penularan dari sapi ke sapi. Penyakit ini sering berbentuk mastitis subklinis, sebagian besar bakteri peyebab mastitis kontagiosa adalah Staphylococcus aureus dan Streptococcus agalactiae [3]. Sedangkan mastitis karena faktor lingkungan terjadi karena penularan dari lingkungan ke sapi. Angka kejadian mastitis meningkat seiring dengan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk. Sebagian besar bakteri penyebab mastitis jenis ini adalah bakteri coliform, Streptococcal sp. dan Psedomonas sp. [3]. Pada mastitis subklinis sering tidak terdeteksi oleh peternak karena tidak terlihat perubahan pada susu maupun ambing. Untuk mendeteksi penyakit mastitis subklinis ini dapat menggunakan California Mastitis Test (CMT). Deteksi dini terhadap mastitis subklinis dan bakteri penyebabnya akan mempermudah dalam penanganan penyakit ini.
SA-12 The Number of Dog Patients Infected with Companion Vector-Borne Diseases (CVBD) Treated at Klinik Hewan Jogja in 2017 Ida Tjahajati; Adellyna Chrissandra; Anggi D Prayitno; Begum F R Aditya; E Rrarindah; L Rifiyanta; M A Candra; Sri Indah Astuti; Tri Ayu Widiastuti
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Companion Vector Borne Diseases (CVBD) are diseases transmitted by vectors which can cause fatal outcome for dogs [1]. CVBD frequently attack dogs and are easily transmitted from one dog to other dogs through vectors’, such as ticks, mosquitoes, or sand flies, bite [2,3]. Some of the most harmful CVBD that infect dogs via ticks’ bite are anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and ehrlichiosis [4]. These diseases cause decreased appetite, lethargy, fever, anemia, jaundice, emaciation, and finally death if not treated properly [5,6].Blood parasites’ infections such as anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and ehrlichiosis are often found in the field. However, due to the limitations of diagnosis confirmation, they often go unnoticed. Despite the considerable number of cases in dogs, the exact incidence rate is not yet known. There is an global call to eradicate CVBD owing to the facts that they are dangerous and may cause economic losses, with the additional risk of being zoonotic [1,3].Taking the importance of anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and ehrlichiosis in the veterinary science into account, seeing the scant amount of data regarding dog patients followed with the lack of attention on said diseases, it is then deemed necessary to properly diagnose those diseases in dogs brought into the clinic, particularly at Klinik Hewan Jogja. This research aims to identify the number of dog patients treated in Klinik Hewan Jogja infected with those particular sicknesses (CVBD).The result of this study will provide a summary of CVBD treated at Klinik Hewan Jogja, which in turn, will raise awareness of the diseases and the significance of working together to tackle the issue. Furthermore, the result will also yield information for clients’ education to help them prevent the diseases.
SA-13 Scabiosis (Notoedres cati) in Cat Miyayu Soneta Sofyan; M Herry Susanto; M Ulin Nuha
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Feline scabies also referred as Notedric mange (Notoedres cati). This diseases is highly contagious skin disease. The symptom of this disease is a severe and relentless itch include a skin rash composed of small red bumps and blisters on the specific areas such as face, ear, neck, paws pads and spreading to the rest of the body. This disease was  very contagious for cats and kittens which can opportunistically infest other mammals, including human (Griffin et al., 1993).Notoedres mites are closely related to Sarcoptic mites of dogs and thus the two infestations have some similarity. Both the conditions typically begin with itchy crusts and scales on the ear margins. The Notoedric mange progresses to involve the face and ultimately covers the entire body, if the skin disease was ignored. (Scott et al.,2001). Three cats in the present study had mange lesions covering the entire body.The characteristic itching and hair loss pattern was often all that was needed to diagnose Notoedric mange in the cat (Griffin et al., 1993). Scraping of the crusty skin examined, revealed all stages of Notoedres cati mite (from ova to adult) in the present study and confirmed the diagnosis. Notoedres mites are smaller than Sarcoptes, have ‘thumb print’-like dorsal striations, shorter limb stalks and a dorsal anus compared with the terminal anus, dorsal pegs and spines seen on Sarcoptes species (Scott et al. 2001). The mites were identified as per the reports of Walker (1994) based on their shape and the presence of dorsal anus, which distinctly differentiated the Notoedres cati from Sarcoptes sp. The present report describes case of notoedric mange I two cats and successful management with ivermectin therapy.
KIVP-2 Profile Fosfor Dan Kalsium Darah Pada Kasus Kepincangan Sapi Peranakan Frisien Holstein (PFH) di Balai Besar Pelatihan Peternakan (BBPP) Batu Widya Ayu Prasdini; Reni Indarwati
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
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Abstract

Masalah kepincangan pada sapi perah merupakan masalah kesejahteraan ternak dan produktivitas. Kepincangan dapat menurunkan produksi susu, menurunkan kesuburan dan pemusnahan ternak (1). Salah satu faktor penyebab kepincangan pada sapi ialah kekurangan unsur mineral kalsium dan fosfor. Kalsium dan fosfor penting sebagi bahan pembentuk tulang, gigi dan penyeimbang asam dan basa dalam tubuh. Kalsium membantu proses keratinisasi dan kornifikasi serta aktivasi epidermal transglutaminasae (TG) yang aktif dalam hubungan silang dari serat keratin amplop sel dan terlibat dalam diferensiasi terminal sel epidermis. Ketidakcukupan kalsium dapat menyebabkan lapisan epidermis kuku menjadi lunak dan terjadi peradangan (2). Peradangan pada bagian kuku sapi memiliki korelasi dengan kejadian kepincangan pada sapi (3). Untuk kecukupan mineral kalsium dan fosfor dalam darah didapat dari pemberian ransum pakan yang seimbang. (4). 

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