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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)" : 30 Documents clear
The Effect of Salinity on Osmoregulation Physiology of Survival and Respiration Rate of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) Merta, I Wayan; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.5043

Abstract

Osmoregulation is a process used by fish to maintain the balance of water and ion levels in the body, so that salinity becomes a limiting factor for the life of Tilapia fish. This study aims to determine the effect of salinity on osmoregulation, physiological survival and respiration rate of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). This research design used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) approach. This research design involved four different treatment levels and was carried out with five repetitions for each treatment. Each treatment was designed to test the effect of a particular variable on the observed parameters, with repetitions aimed at ensuring consistency of results. P1: Control (No Filter). P2: Salinity 5 ppt. P3: Salinity 10 ppt. P4: Salinity 15 ppt. The activity of tilapia in each salinity medium was observed to determine changes in behavior after the fish were inserted into the salinity medium. Physiological responses were observed, and the respiration of tilapia through operculum movements in each salinity medium was calculated after 5 minutes of treatment for 1 minute. Survival was calculated after 5 minutes of treatment until the tilapia died. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of 5%. If there was a significant difference, it was continued with the LSD test (Least Significant Difference). Based on the ANOVA test, the Sig. value obtained was .000 (<0.05), indicating that there is an effect of salinity on the physiological osmoregulation of tilapia survival (Oreochromis niloticus). Based on the results of the Multiple 12 Comparisons LSD test, it can be seen that all differences between treatment groups are significant with a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). Based on data analysis and discussion, the study concluded that salinity has a significant effect on the respiratory rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), where increasing salt levels cause an increase in the frequency of operculum movements in response to osmotic stress. The main factors affecting the survival of tilapia to salinity differences are the ability to osmoregulate, which is increasingly inhibited as salt levels increase, as well as the duration of exposure to more hypertonic environmental conditions.
Synthesis of Cellulose from Decorticated Sisal Plants (Agave sisalana) using the Acid Hydrolysis Method Widyawati, Fauzi; Hidayat, Syamsul; Wiradana, Aditya; Setyaningtyas, Ayunda Kinasih; Bahtiar, Syamsul; Yanuar, Emsal
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8099

Abstract

Sisal Plant Production Process (Agave sisalana) produces waste of around 95%, which is wasted and can be an environmental problem because it is not processed properly. Sisal decortication waste contains active biochemical compounds, one of which is cellulose, which has the potential to be used in various fields. Cellulose is one of the most widely distributed and abundant biopolymers on Earth, as the main source of renewable materials obtained from plant fibers. Initial Treatment of Fiber Alkalization using 5% NaOH solution (1:20) for 2 hours at a temperature of 80 °C at a speed of 200 rpm. Then the bleaching process(bleaching). Samples of the results of alkalization treatment using hydrogen peroxide solution (H2THE23%) at a temperature of 80 °C for 3 hours, repeated once. In the Acid Hydrolysis process, the resulting sample is bleached with acid using sulfuric acid (H2SO465%) at a temperature of 80 °C for 1 hour (1:20). Sample Characterization Fiber characterization using the NDF test to determine cellulose content. The results of the cellulose content test in sisal fiber decortication waste were 1.545 mg/L Based on the results of the study, nanocellulose with a high % crystallinity was successfully extracted from sisal fiber decortication waste using a chemical treatment method. The FTIR spectrum shows a broad band at 3358-3410 cm-1which is the vibration of the OH group of cellulose. The removal of lignin levels was successfully carried out, showing that the peak of the spectrum band produced was only 1279.26 cm-1. The average size of nanocellulose particles is around 10-30 nm and consists of 30-100 cellulose molecules.
Optimization of Volume and Mass of Eggshell in Removal of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Levels in Laundry Waste Pinarti, Inggis; Noorbilqis, Fitri; Pratiwi, Sani Widyastuti; Nurmalasari, Ratna
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8205

Abstract

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is one of the most common anionic surfactants in synthetic detergent formulation. Being a component of domestic waste, LAS can potentially cause environmental damage. Detergent wastewater that contains LAS needs to be properly treated before being released into the environment. This study aims to treat the laundry waste by using thermally activated chicken eggshell adsorbent. The steps carried out in this study were the preparation of adsorbents, quality test of adsorbents produced, testing of adsorbent on used laundry waste based on reducing concentration of LAS and testing of the Langmuir adsorption equation and the Freundlich adsorption equation.  Adsorption process of LAS observed variations in adsorbent mass are 4g, 8g, 12 g, and 16 g, and variations in the sample volume used in this experiment are 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml, and 200 ml. Stirring time is 60 minutes. The filtrate was analyzed to determine the concentration of LAS.  The obtained results indicate that the optimum mass of adsorbent is 12 grams with a sample volume of 50 ml. This adsorption condition resulted in Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate levels of 3,376 ppm, which can reduce LAS levels by  69.86%, with an adsorption capacity of 0.2997 mg/g. Based on the result of this study, LAS adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm equation, with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than that of the Freundlich isotherm, which is 0.9977.  This equation indicates that the adsorption process that occurs is chemisorption. The use of thermally activated chicken eggshell as an adsorbent can be an alternative, environmentally friendly waste processing technique.
Characteristics of Briquettes Made from Plastic Waste, Plastic-Coconut Shell Blends, and Plastic-Corn Cob Composites Djola, Wiwin Iswandi; Prasetyo, Dhimas Mardyanto; Salsabila, Nandita Pasya; Sadir , Muhammad; Hidayati, Eni
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8393

Abstract

Recycling plastic waste holds considerable potential as a fuel source, especially when combined with agricultural waste. This study aims to evaluate the physical characteristics of charcoal briquettes - moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, calorific value, and fixed carbon content - produced from a mixture of plastic waste and organic waste. Three composition variations were tested: pure Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste (100%) as the first treatment (S1), a combination of coconut shells and plastic waste in a 50%:50% ratio as the second treatment (S2), and a combination of corn cobs and plastic waste in the same 50%:50% ratio as the third treatment (S3). Testing was conducted according to SNI 01-6235-2000 standards. The results showed that all treatments produced charcoal briquettes with moisture content and calorific value that met SNI standards. Among the treatments, briquettes made entirely from plastic waste (S1) achieved the highest calorific value at 5921 cal/g, followed by the plastic-coconut shell mixture (S2) at 5574 cal/g and the plastic-corn cob mixture (S3) at 5100 cal/g. These findings indicate that plastic waste and agricultural waste have significant potential as fuel sources for power generation, supporting energy mix targets, and contributing to waste management and sustainable energy production. However, the study also identified areas for improvement. The ash content across all treatments failed to meet SNI standards, and the volatile matter content in S1 was below the acceptable range. These shortcomings highlight the need for further optimization in material formulation and manufacturing processes to enhance briquette quality. Future research should prioritize refining material combinations, improving ash content and volatile matter characteristics, and assessing the environmental impacts of using plastic-based briquettes. With continued innovation, this approach could play a pivotal role in achieving energy mix targets and addressing the challenges of plastic and agricultural waste, offering a sustainable and practical solution for energy generation.
Bioplastic Based on Starch from Keciri Tuber (Amorphophallus campanulatus) Riskayanti, Yunita; Dilatais, Bunga Zorra; Natasya, Ditha; Nurhidayatullah, Nurhidayatullah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8558

Abstract

Plastic waste is one of the primary contributors to environmental problems. In West Sumbawa Regency, particularly in Seteluk District, the use of plastic remains relatively high, as observed in schools and residential areas, including the researcher’s own environment. This is evidenced by the significant accumulation of plastic waste. The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of the keciri plant (Amorphophallus campanulatus) in West Sumbawa Regency, to analyze the characteristics of bioplastic made from keciri tuber starch (Amorphophallus campanulatus), and to determine whether keciri tuber starch (Amorphophallus campanulatus) can be utilized as a material for bioplastic production. The research method used in this study was experimental, employing a quantitative descriptive experimental design. The conclusions of the study are as follows: the keciri plant (Amorphophallus campanulatus) grows abundantly in the wild around the researcher’s residence, and it was also commonly found in other areas such as Poto Tano District, Seteluk District, and the villages of Senayan, Rempe, and Meraran. Based on data from three bioplastic tests conducted, the water resistance tests showed that all types of bioplastics exhibited similar water resistance levels, with an average of 60%. The biodegradability tests revealed that all types of bioplastics degraded completely within 5 days, indicating that the produced bioplastics are fully biodegradable in soil. For organoleptic tests, each type of bioplastic yielded different results. Bioplastics made with cooking oil and glycerol achieved the highest scores, followed by those made with VCO (virgin coconut oil) and no plasticizer, while those using coconut oil plasticizer scored the lowest. Since the researcher aimed to produce edible bioplastics, VCO was chosen as the plasticizer. Therefore, keciri tuber starch could be used for bioplastic production by mixing it with VCO plasticizer and pomelo juice extract, making it suitable for use as food packaging.
Condition of Coral Reefs at Mentigi Beach, North Lombok Regency Murdani, Muhammad Taufiq Zulfikri; Candri, Dining Aidil; Ahyadi, Hilman
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8625

Abstract

Climate change and excessive anthropogenic activities have an impact on coral reef damage. Coral reef damage can be seen from several criteria, one of which is the percentage of live coral cover. North Lombok is one of the districts on Lombok Island whose coral cover has been damaged.  This research aims to identify marine biota, coral reef genus, analyze community structure and condition of coral reefs at Mentigi Beach. Coral reef genus data was taken using Coral Finder 2.0 Indo Pacific by Russel Kelley, while coral reef data was obtained using the UPT (Underwater Photo Transect) method at three stations with depths of 1-5 meters and 6-10 meters. The results showed that live coral cover at stations I, II, and III were 12.44%, 17.42%, and 32.46%, respectively. At a depth of 1-5 meters, it was found to be 21.93%, and 19.62% at a depth of 6-10 meters. There are 11 benthic categories, and 30 coral reef genera identified. The Porites genus is cosmopolitan in the research location. The diversity, evenness and dominance indices show that coral reef genera are evenly distributed with no one dominating the coral reef ecosystem at Mentigi Beach, Pamenang, North Lombok Regency.
Comparison of polymer types on physical evaluation of in situ ophthalmic gel preparations: A Review Putra, Hasan Etanov; Zahra, Aliya Azkia; Aini, Kania Nurul; Rafifa, Muthia; Maulida, Verin Sakinah; Sabrina, Lina Maisa
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8630

Abstract

The development of temperature, pH, and ion-responsive in situ ophthalmic gels aims to enhance drug retention and release efficacy in the eye. Polymers such as Poloxamer (thermosensitive), Gellan Gum (ion-sensitive), and Carbopol (pH-sensitive) exhibit adaptive gelation mechanisms suited to ocular physiological conditions. Poloxamer forms a gel at body temperature, prolonging drug contact duration, while Gellan Gum creates a stable gel network through ionic interactions with lacrimal fluid, increasing viscosity and extending drug release. Carbopol, which transitions into a gel at neutral pH, provides optimal viscosity stability in the ocular environment. This study employs a literature review method, gathering data from indexed journals and scientific publications over the past 10 years. Evaluation results indicate that a combination of Gellan Gum and Methacrylated Gellan Gum at a concentration of 0.6% w/v yields the highest viscosity and encapsulation rate, with a contact time of up to 8 hours, making it an excellent formulation for long-term ophthalmic applications. This paper highlights the significant potential of in situ gels as drug delivery systems, optimizing ophthalmic therapy by enhancing drug viscosity and encapsulation stability.
Improvement of Student Learning Outcomes Using E-Worksheets Assisted Live Worksheets on Basic Chemistry Laws Material Arifianti, Dwi; Yanuardani, Ayu; Khasanah, Maulidia Uswatun; Kusumaningrum, Yesika Dewi; Ayunin, Khurota; Azizah, Utiya; Asih, Dian; Rahadityo, Purwo
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8721

Abstract

This study investigates the improvement of student learning outcomes using e-worksheet media with Live Worksheets. Conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR), it involved 38 students from class X-7 at SMA Negeri 18 Surabaya. Data collection included observation techniques and learning outcome tests aimed at assessing teacher and student activities. The observation data were analyzed using a percentage formula for relevant activities over two meetings. Learning outcome tests measured improvements after cycles I and II, analyzed for the percentage of classical completeness in learning outcomes. Results indicated that teacher activity increased from 91% in cycle I to 100% in cycle II, while student activity rose from 79% to 89%, which falls into the very practical category. Additionally, learning outcomes improved significantly, increasing from 50% before the intervention to 79% in cycle I and 89% in cycle II, which is ≥75%. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of e-worksheet media in improving educational engagement and achievement. The study concludes that technology-based learning innovations can effectively address educational challenges and recommends further development of interactive learning tools across various subjects and educational levels.
Enhancing Students Understanding of Hybridization in Organic Compounds through a Flipped Classroom Approach Combined with Game-Based Learning Baroud, Najah; Aljarmi, Abtisam
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8725

Abstract

This study investigates how effective it is to combine flipped classroom and game-based learning strategies for teaching the intricate subject of hybridization in organic chemistry for the third semester of Chemistry Department students, Faculty of Education, University of Zawia, academic year 2024-2024. The research involves 60 participants, who are split into two groups: a main group (MG), which was taught using the combined approach of flipped classroom and game-based learning, and a comparison group (CG), which received conventional instruction. The MG was provided with pre-class instructional videos and PowerPoint slides, which were later reinforced through engaging activities in class, including competitive games aimed at applying the concepts learned. A post-test assessing memorization and understanding of hybridization concepts indicated that the MG surpassed the CG in both aspects. The MG obtained an overall score of 73.51% on memorisation questions, in contrast to the CG's 65.00%. The Percentage gap was 8.51%. For comprehension questions, the MG achieved an impressive 85.15%, while the CG managed only 48.95%. Percentage gap 36.2%.The results indicate that the combined strategies are effective in promoting a deep comprehension of the material. Moreover, qualitative responses from a questionnaire revealed a pronounced preference for the flipped classroom and game-based learning methods, as students noted enhanced engagement and understanding. This research underscores how innovative teaching methods can enhance the quality of chemistry education, stressing that interactive and adaptable learning environments are crucial for student success. Moreover, the study recommends employing such methods in chemistry education to enhance learning outcomes and boost student motivation.
Plant-Based Probiotic Beverages in Preventing the Growth of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review Wulansari, Nadya Treesna
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8745

Abstract

Foodborne illnesses are mostly caused by bacteria. Bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus, are the most common causes of foodborne diseases. One alternative to reduce the risk of infection from bacteria that cause foodborne diseases is the consumption of probiotic beverages, which has become a natural alternative in improving digestive health and endurance. One type of probiotic drink that is gaining increasing attention is plant-based kombucha tea. Plant parts that can be used as kombucha tea are fruits, leaves, and flowers and have antibacterial activity with various categories of inhibition zone strength. This research uses a systematic review and collects relevant articles, with 14 articles as the main reference. The analysis found that salak Bali fruit, pineapple honey fruit, belimbing wuluh fruit, tea leaves, soursop leaves, telang flowers, gardenia flowers, and red seaweed have the potential as a probiotic kombucha tea drink that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause foodborne diseases. The categories of inhibition zones produced ranged from weak to very strong, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 4.20 mm to 24.7 mm. The optimal zone of inhibition of this probiotic drink is influenced by the plant parts used, the length of fermentation, the type of substrate, the test method and the type of bacteria. Plant-based probiotic beverages show effective antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens and offer valuable insights into microbial interactions and sustainable food biotechnology in scientific learning.

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