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JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Published by Universitas Nusa Putra
ISSN : 27148084     EISSN : 27148092     DOI : 10.52005
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Perancangan, Manufaktur dan Energi ini diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Teknik Mesin Universitas Nusa Putra, sebagai jurnal yang terbit setiap empat bulanan yang fokus menyajikan tulisan-tulisan tentang keilmuan Teknik Mesin khusunya bidang Perancangan, Manufaktur dan Energi. Jurnal ini berisi artikel-artikel penelitian atau pengembangan konsep yang berkaitan dengan kajian perancangan, manufaktur dan energi seperti : Desain Mekanikal, Manufaktur dan Otomatisasi, Material dan Konversi Energi.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 96 Documents
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Mechanical Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Composites: Epoxy vs Polyester Resin Matrices Prasetya, Bayu; Solafide Sipahutar, Wahyu; Andryan Prakoso, Ahmad; Fitri, Anisa
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 01 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i01.186

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of sugarcane bagasse bagasse fiber-reinforced composites using two types of matrix resins (i.e epoxy and polyester). The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method, with sugarcane bagasse bagasse fibers serving as the natural reinforcement. The tests conducted included visual fracture analysis, tensile testing, and flexural testing. The results showed that the epoxy-based composite achieved a tensile strength of 26.43 MPa, slightly higher than the polyester-based composite at 26.06 MPa. In the flexural test, the epoxy matrix composite exhibited a flexural strength of 89.53 MPa, significantly higher than the polyester matrix at 49.12 MPa. These findings indicate that the type of matrix resin has a significant influence on the mechanical performance of natural fiber composites, particularly in applications requiring high flexural strength.
Perancangan Spesial Tools Rebusihng Torq Rod dan Radius Rod HD7857 Faiza Ariq Muhammad; Inyoman Jujur; Luqman, muhammad Luqman Saiful Fikri; Mohamad Zaenudin; Yasya Khalif Perdana saleh
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.187

Abstract

Mining activities require regular maintenance of heavy equipment to ensure operational reliability. This study aims to design a special tool to support the rebushing process for the Torq Rod and Radius Rod of the HD7857 unit, enhancing work efficiency and quality. The research method includes interviews, needs analysis, and simulations using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The design results indicate that the tool can withstand pressure up to 600 bar (420 kN), with a maximum stress of 402.6 MPa, a safety factor of 1.14, and deformation within elastic limits. However, it is recommended to limit the pressure to 500 bar to maintain tool reliability. This tool design is expected to reduce errors in bushing installation, standardize work quality, and minimize unit downtime. The study contributes to the development of heavy equipment maintenance tools and can serve as a reference for similar future research
Efektivitas Phase Change Material Sebagai Media Penyimpanan Energi Termal Pada Kotak Pendingin Nurhidayanti; Sabiqunassabiqun; Ady Saputra , Alfian
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.188

Abstract

The challenge of energy efficiency in cooling systems has driven exploration into thermal energy storage technologies using Phase Change Materials (PCM). This study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of two types of PCM—liquid-phase propylene glycol (PG) and solid-phase paraffin wax (PW)—in passively maintaining the temperature inside a cooling box. The experimental setup involved a Styrofoam-based cooling chamber lined with aluminum, where both PCMs were placed in identical containers. Temperature data for the internal chamber, PCM, and ambient air were recorded over 90 minutes using thermocouples and a data logger. Key parameters analyzed included temperature distribution, absorbed heat quantity and rate, and thermal efficiency of each PCM. The results indicate that PCM PG exhibits superior thermal performance, demonstrated by a higher heat absorption capacity (783.38 J), more consistent heat transfer rate, and greater maximum thermal efficiency compared to PCM PW (715.10 J). Therefore, PCM PG is recommended as a more promising material for efficient and sustainable passive thermal energy storage systems.
Pengaruh Penambahan Uap Etanol melalui Filter Udara terhadap Kinerja Mesin Diesel Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Premixed Dani, Dani Hari Tunggal Prasetiyo; Imam Sholahuddin; Haidzar Nurdiansyah; Hari Arbiantara Basuki; Dedi Dwilaksana; Linda Kurnia Supratiningsih
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.191

Abstract

The increasing need for energy and dwindling natural reserves encourage the search for alternative energy sources. One alternative energy source is biodiesel. Biodiesel can be produced from used cooking oil through the esterification and transesterification processes. However, biodiesel sourced from plant materials has disadvantages, one of which is its low calorific value. Most studies discuss the addition of chemical additives to increase the calorific value of biodiesel. However, the addition of ethanol vapor as an air additive to increase the calorific value of biodiesel is rarely discussed. This study was conducted experimentally, the study examined the effect of adding ethanol vapor to a diesel engine through an air filter. The diesel fuel used was dexlite type diesel fuel added with biodiesel from used cooking oil as much as 10% to 30%. Testing used additional ethanol vapor channeled through an air filter with a heating temperature of 90oC to 100oC. The results of the study were in the form of crankshaft rotation, effective power, and fuel consumption. The results showed that fuel with the addition of ethanol vapor produced the highest crankshaft rotation, effective power, and fuel consumption when compared to without the addition of ethanol vapor in all variations of the given fuel composition. The highest value of crankshaft rotation, effective power is in the B0 composition with values ​​of 32.53 rev/s and 2.74 kW, respectively. While the lowest fuel consumption is in the B70 composition with the addition of ethanol vapor of 105.7 seconds.
Effect of Coconut and Sugarcane Fiber Volume Fraction Variations on the Tensile Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composites Fitri, Anisa; Bayu Prasetya; Muhammad Yasin Siregar; Quratul Aini; Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar; Fathar Fathan Mubina
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 01 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i01.192

Abstract

Materials are continually being developed for sustainable applications. Agricultural wastes such as sugarcane bagasse and coconut fiber show great potential as reinforcing agents in polymer composites. This study investigates the effect of varying volume fractions of sugarcane and coconut fibers on the tensile properties of epoxy matrix composites. Four fiber composition ratios were prepared, maintaining a total fiber volume fraction of 50% and matrix fraction of 50%, specifically: 25:25, 20:30, 10:40, and 0:50 (coconut fiber: sugarcane fiber, respectively). All fibers underwent alkali treatment using a 5% NaOH solution to improve interfacial bonding with the epoxy matrix. Composite fabrication was performed via hand lay-up, and tensile tests followed ASTM D3039 standards using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The results indicated that the composite with 20% coconut fiber and 30% sugarcane fiber (sample B) exhibited the highest tensile strength of 30.48 MPa and the highest elastic modulus of 2.29 GPa, albeit with a low strain at failure (0.01), suggesting brittle behavior. In contrast, the balanced composition (25:25) demonstrated more stable mechanical performance, achieving a tensile strength of 28.31 MPa and a higher strain of 0.04, indicating improved toughness. The lowest tensile strength, 15.56 MPa, was observed in the 10:40 composition (sample C). Failure analysis revealed modes such as matrix cracking, fiber-matrix debonding, and fiber pull-out, which varied according to fiber composition. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a balanced volume fraction of coconut and sugarcane fibers yields epoxy composites with optimal tensile strength and a favorable balance between strength and toughness.
Tensile Strength of Epoxy Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Coconut and Sugarcane Fibers Siregar, Muhammad Yasin; Fathar Fathan Mubin; Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar; Anisa Fitri; Mochamad Ghulam Isaq Khan
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.193

Abstract

The use of hybrid composites reinforced with natural fibers has gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to synthetic materials, offering advantages in both environmental impact and mechanical performance. This study explores the tensile properties of epoxy-based hybrid composites reinforced with coconut and sugarcane fibers at various volume fractions. The natural fibers were pretreated using a 5% NaOH alkaline solution to enhance interfacial bonding with the matrix. Composite specimens were fabricated by the hand lay-up method, maintaining a total fiber content of 50% and an epoxy matrix of 50%, with varying ratios of coconut to sugarcane fiber. Tensile tests were performed according to ASTM D3039 standards. The results showed that alkali treatment improved fiber wettability, as indicated by a decrease in contact angle, which contributed to stronger fiber-matrix adhesion. The highest ultimate tensile strength (31.02 MPa) was achieved at a 30:20 coconut-to-sugarcane fiber ratio. Hybrid composites with balanced fiber proportions demonstrated superior tensile performance compared to single-fiber composites. These findings indicate that optimizing the ratio of coconut and sugarcane fibers can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of natural fiber-reinforced epoxy composites for engineering applications
Effect of Fiberglass Layer Number on the Mechanical Properties of Composites Fabricated Using the Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) Method Hanifah, Istiara Rizqillah; Putra, Oji Kuncoro Darma; Sipahutar, Wahyu Solafide; Phasa, Agita
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.195

Abstract

Composite materials are engineered by combining two or more constituents to obtain improved mechanical performance. In this study, the effect of fiberglass layer number (2 and 3 layers) on the mechanical properties of composites was investigated. The specimens were fabricated using the Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) method, and mechanical tests were conducted based on ASTM D3039 (tensile) and ASTM D790 (flexural) standards. The 3-layer specimen (A2) exhibited the highest tensile strength of 223.33 MPa and flexural strength of 845.54 MPa, compared to 179.73 MPa and 828.35 MPa in the 2-layer specimen (A1), respectively. In addition, the 3-layer composite showed greater stiffness with an elastic modulus of 612.76 GPa in bending and 1.41 GPa in tension. These results confirm that increasing the number of fiberglass layers enhances the composite's mechanical strength, due to better load distribution and improved interfacial bonding.
Effect of Fiber Orientation on the Mechanical Performance of Polyester/Fiberglass Composites Fabricated by VARI Agita Phasa; Oji Kuncoro Darma Putra; Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar; Istiara Rizqillah Hanifah
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.196

Abstract

The fiber orientation in polyester/fiberglass composites fabricated using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) method was investigated. Three different fiber orientation configurations consisting of three woven layers were used: 0°/45°/0°, 45°/45°/45°, and 45°/0°/45°. Tensile and flexural tests were conducted to evaluate the strength, strain, and flexural modulus of each specimen. The results demonstrated that fiber orientation has a significant impact on mechanical performance. The 0°/45°/0° specimen exhibited the highest tensile strength of 164.66 MPa and flexural strength of 1091.17 MPa. In contrast, the 45°/45°/45° specimen showed the lowest tensile strength of 58.57 MPa, while the 45°/0°/45° specimen had the lowest flexural strength of 772.97 MPa. The 45°/45°/45° configuration displayed intermediate mechanical values with a more homogeneous stress distribution. Interestingly, the highest flexural modulus, 5702.23 MPa, was obtained from the 45°/0°/45° specimen, indicating high stiffness despite limited deformation. These findings confirm that proper selection of fiber orientation plays a crucial role in designing composites with an optimal balance of strength, stiffness, and ductility.
Efek waktu tahan baja AISI 4140 terhadap struktur mikro, kekerasan, dan korosi Syamsuir; Syaripuddin; Sopiyan; Indriasti, Zulfah; Anggrainy, Rani; Lubi, Ahmad; Susetyo, Ferry Budhi
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.197

Abstract

Baja AISI 4140 merupakan baja paduan menengah yang sering digunakan dalam aplikasi teknik, termasuk pada komponen kapal, karena memiliki kekuatan tinggi dan potensi untuk ditingkatkan sifat mekaniknya melalui perlakuan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi waktu tahan pada proses perlakuan panas terhadap perubahan struktur mikro, kekerasan, dan laju korosi baja AISI 4140. Perlakuan panas dilakukan dengan memanaskan spesimen pada suhu 800°C selama 30 menit dan 45 menit, kemudian diikuti proses quenching menggunakan oli SAE 10W-40. Spesimen tanpa perlakuan panas digunakan sebagai pembanding. Struktur mikro diamati menggunakan mikroskop optik Olympus BX51M, kekerasan diuji dengan metode Vickers menggunakan beban 5 kg, dan korosi diuji dengan metode kehilangan berat dalam larutan NaCl 3,5%. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu penahanan, struktur mikro didominasi oleh fasa martensit yang lebih halus dan homogen. Hal ini berdampak langsung pada peningkatan kekerasan material, di mana spesimen dengan waktu tahan 45 menit menunjukkan nilai kekerasan tertinggi 658,14 HV dibandingkan spesimen lainnya. Nilai laju korosi tertinggi diperoleh Q-30 melalui pengujian selama 96 jam sebesar 38,02 mpy
Pemetaan Tingkat Korosifitas Atmosfer di Wilayah Kota Surabaya dengan Indikator Baja Galvalum rohmannudin, tubagus noor; Ragha Radithya Noer Putra; Sulistijono
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.205

Abstract

This study maps the levels of atmospheric corrosion in five regions of Surabaya. The metal used is 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel frame with three types: hollow. The exposure period was 150 days, and the corrosion rate was calculated using the weight loss method. XRD testing, metallography, and visual inspections were also conducted to compare the results across the five regions. The study concludes that a high level of atmospheric corrosivity for 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel of the hollow-type 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel, high atmospheric corrosivity was observed in Rungkut (1.07 x 10⁻¹ mpy), Bulak (8.70 x 10⁻² mpy), Asemrowo (7.94 x 10⁻² mpy), Kenjeran (6.76 x 10⁻² mpy), and Pabean Cantikan (6.16 x 10⁻² mpy). Moderate levels were found in Jambangan (5.92 x 10⁻² mpy), Sukolilo (5.75 x 10⁻² mpy), Pakal (5.46 x 10⁻² mpy), Wonokromo (5.38 x 10⁻² mpy), and Tandes (5.30 x 10⁻² mpy). Low levels were observed in Gubeng (5.28 x 10⁻² mpy), Wiyung (4.87 x 10⁻² mpy), Simokerto (4.69 x 10⁻² mpy), Bubutan (4.28 x 10⁻² mpy), and Tegalsari (3.69 x 10⁻² mpy). The mapping was carried out based on the corrosion rate in each sub-district within the exposure area. These corrosion rates were influenced by the presence of industrial activity in the respective sub-districts, as well as their geographic location.

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