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Vortex
Published by Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto
ISSN : 27216152     EISSN : 30217601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.28989/vortex
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Vortex merupakan jurnal ilmiah dalam diang dirgantara dengan cakupan Perancangan Pesawat Terbang, Perawatan Pesawat Terbang, Operasi Penerbangan, Mesin Pesawat Terbang dan Elektronika Penerbangan
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Logam dan Paduan Logam
Articles 100 Documents
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Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost Aircraft Orientation Angle Measurement System using MPU6050 Sensor for Avionics Education Jamil, Ramadani; Kurniawan, Freddy; Irawaty, Mardiana; Lasmadi, Lasmadi; Funny, Rindu Alriavindra
Vortex Vol 6, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v6i1.3585

Abstract

This study presents the design and implementation of a low-cost aircraft orientation angle measurement system using the MPU6050 sensor and Arduino Uno microcontroller for educational applications in avionics. The system aims to simulate aircraft attitude angles—yaw, pitch, and roll—by integrating an inertial sensor module (MPU6050) with open-source hardware and software. The Arduino IDE was employed to acquire and process sensor data, while the Processing 3 environment was used to visualize the attitude motion in real time. The prototype was assembled and tested to evaluate its performance in detecting orientation changes across three axes. Experimental results demonstrate that the MPU6050-based system can accurately capture and display attitude variations without communication delay or signal error, providing a clear visualization of aircraft motion. The system’s simplicity, affordability, and open-source framework make it suitable for classroom demonstrations and laboratory exercises in avionics and control-system courses. Future improvements include the integration of Euler-angle computation and wireless communication to enhance mobility and data acquisition.
Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in the Relationship Between Service Quality, Marketing Mix, and Customer Trust at Airports Lestiani, Melia Eka; Jannah, Tsamratul; Budiono, Cyrilus Sukaca; Poerwanto, Eko; Mardwianta, Benedictus
Vortex Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v6i2.3700

Abstract

An airport is a facility where all stakeholders in the aviation industry converge, and its core product is “service,” which includes services for passengers, cargo, and aircraft. Customer satisfaction at airports is an essential outcome that must be delivered to all aviation industry stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality and marketing mix on customer trust, with customer satisfaction serving as an intervening variable at the airport. In reality, many airport service users still feel dissatisfied with both the services provided and the existing facilities. This is evident from various complaints submitted by users, indicating that they have not yet experienced satisfactory airport services. This research employs a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, consisting of domestic passengers at Minangkabau International Airport. The findings reveal that service quality and marketing mix have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, service quality, marketing mix, and customer satisfaction—both partially and simultaneously—have a significant influence on customer trust. However, the customer satisfaction variable is unable to mediate the relationship between service quality and the marketing mix toward customer trust.
GPS Signal Performance Testing Based on Material Variations Of Portable On-Demand (POD) And GPS Placement For Aerial Photography Missions Kehi, De Richi; Hartini, Dwi; Mardwianta, Benedictus; Prattiwi, Elisabeth Anna; Santoso, Djarot Wahju
Vortex Vol 6, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v6i1.3118

Abstract

In aerial photography, the use of camera systems integrated with GPS signals is crucial for determining the position and velocity of an aircraft or drone. The Portable On-Demand (POD) serves as a payload container for equipment such as cameras, and the POD material can influence GPS signal quality. This study aims to evaluate the quality of received GPS signals and to assess the effect of camera distance on GPS performance. Experimental tests were conducted using three POD material types (original, E-glass, and carbon) and two GPS systems (Emlid Reach and Pixhawk). The results indicate that the E-glass POD provides the best performance, achieving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values above 45 dB and a PDOP value of 1.7. Additionally, the E-glass POD detected up to 34 satellites at a camera distance of 0 cm. In contrast, the original and carbon PODs exhibited inferior performance, including occurrences of a “No Solution” status. Therefore, the E-glass POD is more reliable in maintaining GPS signal quality and positioning accuracy for aerial photography missions.
Analysis Problem of Air Bleed Maintenance Message Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Method Kater, Jimi; Adiputra, Bangga Dirgantara; Mulyani, Sri; Priyahapsara, Istyawan; Rahmawati, Fajar Khanif; Prattiwi, Elisabeth Anna
Vortex Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v6i2.3639

Abstract

The Airbus A320 has two main engines and an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) that generate high-temperature, high-pressure bleed air used for cabin cooling, anti-icing, and pressurization. Two temperature sensors, Fire Loop A and Fire Loop B, monitor the bleed air distribution line for hot air leaks. An Air Bleed Maintenance Message signals a malfunction in these fire protection loops and requires quick maintenance to avoid system failure. Leaks, especially near the wing and fuel tank, pose significant hazards. This study uses Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to find the root causes of this message. The main causes identified are damaged interconnecting cables, failure in the Bleed Monitoring Computer (BMC), and faults in Fire Loop A or B. The FTA diagram helps technicians trace each component's role in the failure, aiding efficient inspection and maintenance. This method aims to boost system reliability and improve flight safety.
Optimization of Turn Around Time Calculation for C05-Check Aircraft Maintenance Using Critical Path Method (CPM) On Boeing 737-900er Aircraft Islami, Alfi Daffa; Rahmawati, Fajar Khanif; Mulyani, Sri; Prakoso, Agung; Hartini, Dwi; Prattiwi, Elisabeth Anna
Vortex Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v6i2.3644

Abstract

Boeing 737-900 ER maintenance in Indonesia emphasizes timely, efficient routines to minimize risks. Using the Critical Path Method (CPM), the analysis calculates the Turn Around Time (TAT) for C05-Check maintenance. The CPM results estimate a TAT of 20.47 days (rounded to 20 days), while the company's data shows 21.73 days (rounded to 22 days), indicating a 2-day difference. This discrepancy highlights potential areas for improving maintenance efficiency. The TAT efficiency for the maintenance process is calculated at 0.057%. Optimizing mechanic workload based on this analysis can enhance turnaround times and ensure aircraft safety and operational scheduling. Accurate TAT predictions are vital for balancing maintenance quality with airline efficiency, making CPM a valuable tool in operational planning and resource allocation. Continued comparison with company data ensures maintenance practices remain precise, reducing unexpected delays and maintaining flight safety standards.
Structural Design Optimization of Bellcrank 3 in the N219 Aircraft Flap Flight Control System Using the Finite Element Method Hartini, Dwi; Bachtiar, Muhamad Irfan; Nugroho, Fajar; Anna Prattiwi, Elisabeth Anna; Santoso, Djarot Wahju
Vortex Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v7i1.3819

Abstract

The flap control system is a critical subsystem in aircraft that directly affects aerodynamic performance and flight safety. One of the key mechanical components in this system is the bellcrank, which functions to transmit and redirect loads from the actuator to the flap mechanism. In this study, structural optimization of bellcrank 3 in the flap control system of the N219 aircraft was performed using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Three design configurations were analyzed, namely the base model, optimization model 1 with thickness reduction, and optimization model 2 with the addition of holes in non-critical areas. Structural evaluation was conducted based on mass reduction, displacement, von Mises stress, and margin of safety (MS). The simulation results show that both optimization approaches successfully reduce structural mass compared to the base model. Optimization model 1 achieves the largest mass reduction but results in higher stress levels and lower margin of safety. Optimization model 2 provides a more balanced structural performance, with stress, displacement, and margin of safety values comparable to the base model while maintaining mass reduction. All analyzed configurations exhibit positive margin of safety values, indicating that the structures remain safe under the applied operational loads. Based on the overall structural performance, optimization model 2 is considered the most suitable design for application in the flap control system of the N219 aircraft.
Analisis Berbasis Pemodelan Urban terhadap Proyeksi Kebutuhan Energi Listrik pada Pengembangan Bandar Udara Jenderal Besar Soedirman Purbalingga Darmawan, Isra' Nuur; Kholistianingsih, Kholistianingsih; Prasetyo, Rahardian Luthfi; Irvansyah, Mokhamad; Pramudhipa, Dimas Rendra
Vortex Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v7i1.3803

Abstract

Bandar udara merupakan simpul transportasi strategis yang memerlukan dukungan infrastruktur energi listrik yang andal dan berkelanjutan. Di Indonesia terdapat 367 bandar udara aktif, salah satunya Bandar Udara Jenderal Besar Soedirman Purbalingga yang masih berada pada tahap pengembangan fasilitas. Kondisi bangunan yang belum sepenuhnya permanen menuntut perencanaan kebutuhan energi listrik secara komprehensif guna mendukung peningkatan pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memproyeksikan kebutuhan energi listrik kawasan pengembangan bandar udara melalui simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak Rhinoceros dan Urban Modeling Interfaces. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan nilai Floor Area Ratio sebesar 0,02 dengan rata-rata konsumsi energi operasional 173 kWh/m²/tahun, yang masih memenuhi standar keberlanjutan ASEAN-USAID. Total kebutuhan energi listrik mencapai 4.323.719,87 kWh/tahun, dengan beban terbesar berasal dari sistem pendingin sebesar 47,82%. Analisis pencahayaan alami, emisi karbon, dan mobilitas menunjukkan bahwa kawasan pengembangan masih berada dalam batas aman dan berkelanjutan.
Penerapan LightGBM Dengan Kombinasi Ekstraksi Fitur HSV, GLCM dan HOG Untuk Klasifikasi Bunga Sedik, Stevani Gabriella Ayuk; Tentua, Meilany Nonsi
Vortex Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v7i1.3787

Abstract

This study applies the LightGBM algorithm with a combination of GLCM, HOG, and HSV feature extraction for flower image classification. The dataset used consists of five types of flowers, namely Sunflower, Rose, Tulip, Dandelion, and Daisy, with a total of 4,242 images. Each image undergoes preprocessing and feature extraction of texture, shape, and color before being trained using LightGBM. The results show that the proposed model achieves an accuracy above 70% in distinguishing the five flower classes. This study provides evidence that the combination of GLCM, HOG, and HSV with LightGBM is able to improve classification performance and can serve as a reference for further research in the field of digital image processing
Klasifikasi Ulasan Aplikasi E-KTP Menggunakan Bidirectional Encoder Respresentations from Transformers Rusdi, Alfida Hari; Tentua, Meilany Nonsi
Vortex Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v7i1.3788

Abstract

The Digital Population Identity application (E-KTP Digital) is part of e-government development aimed at improving the quality of public services. However, user reviews on the Google Play Store are still grouped based on star ratings, so the level of user satisfaction is not yet described in depth. This study aims to classify the sentiment of user reviews of the E-KTP Digital application using the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) method with the Multilingual BERT (mBERT) model. A total of 15,000 reviews were collected from July 3, 2023 to May 31, 2025 and filtered into 1,750 reviews through data cleaning and manual labeling processes. The dataset is divided into training and testing data with ratios of 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20. The training process is conducted using the AdamW optimizer for 4 epochs with a batch size of 16. Model evaluation is planned using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics to measure the performance of user review sentiment classification.
The Impact of Compressor Wash Maintenance on the Rolls Royce M250-B17F Engine Performance of Grob G 120TP-A Aircraft Prakoso, Agung; Lukito, Indro; Junaidin, Buyung; Wibowo, Teguh; Budiono, Cyrilus Sukaca
Vortex Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/vortex.v7i1.3817

Abstract

The Grob G 120TP-A is a training aircraft powered by the Rolls Royce M250-B17F engine with limited aerobatic capabilities. To optimize its flight performance, maintenance procedures such as compressor wash are essential. Compressor washing is conducted periodically every 100 flight hours to clean the compressor blades from contaminants caused by humidity and salt particles. This study used thermodynamic analysis to evaluate the increase in thrust power and effective power after compressor washing at different Outside Air Temperatures (OAT). The results indicate that after compressor washing, the thrust power increased by 4.3% and the effective power increased by 0.3%, demonstrating the importance of routine maintenance in sustaining optimal engine and aircraft performance.

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