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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)" : 10 Documents clear
Neglected Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Aspects in Preventing Childhood Stunting Dwipayanti, Ni Made Utami; Purnama, Sang Gede
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p01

Abstract

Approximately 165 million (25,7%) children globally experience chronic malnutrition or stunting.1 In Indonesia, 29.6% of children under five are recorded as short and very short.2 The stunting prevention framework underlines that stunting prevention needs to be carried out with a comprehensive approach targeting specific nutritional factors such as the adolescents’ and young couples’ health, pregnancy supplements, exclusive breastfeeding, child feeding, as well as sensitive nutritional factors such as food security, mental health during pregnancy, women empowerment, access to clean water and sanitation, and family health services.1
Determinants of the intention to use National Insurance Mobile Application in Badung District based on Technology Acceptance Model Framework Indrayathi, Putu Ayu; Megayanti, Ni Luh Komang; Ulandari, Luh Putu Sinthya; Kolozsvari, Laszlo Robert
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p02

Abstract

Background and purpose: National Insurance Mobile Application (JKN Mobile) developed by Health Insurance Institution (BPJS Kesehatan) to facilitate the administrative activities of the National Health Insurance (JKN) participants. However, in practice, it has yet to be widely used by JKN participants. This study aims to explore factors determine participants' intention to use the JKN Mobile application based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Framework. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in April-May 2021. The minimum required sample size was 99. Inclusion criteria were people 18 years of age or older, residing in Badung District, Bali Province and at least having used the JKN Mobile once. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. A multivariable analysis was then conducted to determine the factors of intention to use the JKN Mobile application. Results: The proportion of JKN participants interested in using the JKN Mobile was 50%. Perceived usefulness, ease of use, credibility, and amount of information were correlated with the intention to use the JKN Mobile. The linear regression analysis showed that perceived usefulness is significantly associated with the intention to use JKN Mobile (aOR=9.68; 95%CI: 3.33-28.14; p=0.001). Conclusion: Participants' acceptability to use JKN Mobile is associated with the benefits of using such an application. It is thus imperative for BPJS Kesehatan to simultaneously update the design and features to be readily accepted and used by the public, which will later affect interest in using the application.
Nutrition assistance of breastfeeding and complementary feeding associated with the linier growth of stunted children aged 6-24 months Simbolon, Demsa; Ludji, Ina Deborah; Rahyani, Yuni
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: Age 6-24 months is a critical period for experiencing nutrition and health problems, especially among children who are stunted. Stunting children need to recover their nutritional status through appropriate interventions to be able to pursue their growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition assistance on breastfeeding and complementary feeding on the length growth of children aged 6-24 with stunting. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. A sample of 60 intervention and 60 control groups were divided into North Bengkulu District and Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) District. Nutrition assistance for 6 months (July-November 2019) was carried out by 10 trained cadres. Each cadre is responsible for 6 stunted children aged 6-24 months (3 children received assistance and 3 children with standard services from the public health center). Data analysis uses independent t-test and dependent t-test after passing the homogeneity test phase of the proportion of sample characteristics and normality of the data. Results: We found that assistance for breastfeeding and complementary feeding for mothers with stunting children aged 6-24 months was effective in increasing the growth of the child's body length. As many as 53.3% of stunted children in North Bengkulu District and 36.7% in TTS District showed growth after nutrition assistance. Conclusion: It is recommended that the implementation of a nutrition assistance model be accompanied by continuous family and community empowerment in the recovery of nutritional status, especially in families with stunted children aged 6-24 months.
Spatial Distribution of Dengue and Forecasting in South Denpasar, Bali Province, Indonesia Purnama, Sang Gede; Subrata, Made; Kardiwinata, Pasek; Sudarmaja, Made
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Bali continues to increase. A new strategy is required to control dengue in Bali. The purpose of the study is to conduct spatial mapping with a geographic information system to help determine the distribution pattern and areas at risk of DHF and to predict increasing vector density and dengue cases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the South Denpasar Public Health Center service area from January to June 2020. It was conducted in 3 villages, including Kelurahan Sesetan (3,446 households), Sidakarya Village (2,859 households), and Kelurahan Panjer (2,907 households). A total of 191 cases of DHF were recorded during the study period. Results: Calculation of the spatial analysis of the Average Nearest Neighbor (AAN) with the value of Z score=-8.03 show a spatial pattern of the distribution of DHF cases. AAN value of 0.69 (<1) means that the pattern of spread of DHF incidence is clustered. Time series forecasting by modeling using the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) and Double Exponential Smoothing Method Routine shows that larva control efforts are predicted to affect the number of dengue cases. The pattern of the spatial distribution of cases occurs in clusters. Conclusion: There is a spatial relationship with population density. It is predicted that routine larvae control will reduce dengue cases.
Ocular Manifestations in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at the Kerti Praja Foundation, Denpasar, Bali Triningrat, A A Mas Putrawati; Handayani, Ariesanti Tri; Juliari, I Gusti Ayu Made; Utari, Ni Made Laksmi; Ratnasari, Ni Luh Made Novi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p10

Abstract

Background and purpose: People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWHA) could present various ocular manifestations according to the CD4+ lymphocyte count. This study aims to determine the socio-demographic characteristics and ocular manifestations of PLWHA. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling, involving a total of 118 samples, conducted in August 2021 at Kerti Praja Foundation Denpasar. Data were collected through history taking and ocular examinations, which included the variables of gender, age, occupation, residence, working status, level of education, duration of ARV treatment, treatment compliance, visual acuity, anterior segment manifestation, posterior segment manifestation, and CD4 T-cell count. Data analysis was performed with a statistical software. Results:  A total of 118 samples were involved in this study, with 53 respondents (44.9%) experienced ocular manifestations and 55.1% did not experience ocular manifestations. The most frequent ocular manifestation identified was dry eye (68.5% found in right eye and 54.9% found in left eye), while only 2 patients have posterior-segment manifestation. Conclusion: The most common ocular manifestation in HIV-infected people on anti-retroviral therapy was dry eye. Screening for dry eye is recommended in PLWHA.
Water Ambulance Service Provision to Improve Healthcare Access for Community in Nusa Penida Island, Bali: A Qualitative Feasibility Study Aryani, Putu; Harjana, Ngakan Putu Anom; Januraga, Pande Putu; Kurnianingsih, Desak Ketut Dewi Satiawati; Wirawan, Gede Benny Setia; Swapatni, Ni Made Adi; Wibawa, I Komang Gede Sentanu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: An important component of healthcare access is transportation. Lack of transportation has been cited as an important barrier to healthcare access in remote islands region. Here we conduct a feasibility study on the implementation of water ambulance service to improve healthcare access in the region of Nusa Penida and its surrounding islands in Bali Province, Indonesia. Methods:  We employed a qualitative approach with interviews and focused group discussions with stakeholders. Data collection was conducted to assess the feasibility of operating water ambulance services, based on a framework that included technical, market, organizational, and financial feasibilities. Inductive coding was conducted and data was analyzed to evaluate the feasibility based on local capacity against pre-determined framework of assessment based in literature. Results: Qualitative interviews revealed perceived urgency and need for water ambulance service among stakeholders. They also perceive the need of water ambulance service was not mutually exclusive to other alternatives, such as expanding healthcare capacity on the islands. There was also readiness and adequate capacity from stakeholders which include a dedicated health emergency services under the health office that coordinate ambulance service in the region, readiness to create dedicated medical team and boat crew to operate water ambulance services, and readiness to cover the cost of initial procurement followed by operational costs which may include public-private partnerships. Conclusion: There was a strong perceived need for water ambulance service in Nusa Penida Islands. At the same time, local stakeholders revealed adequate basic capacity to feasibly operate water ambulance services according to benchmarks identified in literature review.
Factors associated with smoking behaviour among Indonesian students: Analysis of the 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey Faisal, Debri Rizki; Putra, Onetusfifsi; Nadira, Nindy Audia
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: The smoking prevalence in youths aged 10-18 years in Indonesia increased from 7.2% in 2013 to 9.1% in 2018. The aim of this study was to assess factors related to smoking behavior among students in Indonesia. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Indonesia data. The sampling technique used was two-stage cluster sampling, classified by schools and classes. The samples included in this analysis were all students aged 13-15 years who participated in the survey and have complete data, accounted for 9,789 respondents. The data were analysed with the Chi-Square Test and Logistic Regression with a 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.05. Results:  A total of 3,595 students (36.72%) had smoked. The number of respondents was the most in the age group of 13-15 years (51.43%). The number of male respondents was 44.01% and women 55.99%. Most students (90.29%) had seen cigarette advertisements, 55.88% of them saw people smoking in school areas and 46.88% saw teachers smoking at schools. The results of a multivariate analysis found factors affected smoking behaviour in students were the friend's offer to smoke (AOR=10.69; 95%CI: 7.37-15.50), male gender (AOR=13.94; 95%CI: 11.56–16.81) and presence of people smoking in the house (AOR=2.15; 95%CI: 1.88-2.45). Conclusion: Environmental cues and peer pressure are associated with smoking among students. Optimizing smoke free and health education about the dangers of cigarettes is essential to counteract the extensive exposure to environmental influence to smoking.
Supports from place of delivery and mother in-law were associated with successful exclusive breastfeeding Ni Wayan Budi Astiti; Ni Putu Widarini; Kadek Tresna Adhi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p06

Abstract

Background and purpose: The 2019 Health Profile of Klungkung District in Bali Province shows that the area of Dawan I Public Health Center has the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding below 80% (72.6%). This study aimed at determining factors associated with the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved all breastfeeding mothers with children aged 6-11 months old at the time of the data collection who resided in the area of Dawan I Public Health Center. The total number of samples was 105 mothers. Data was obtained from an online survey, using a structured questionnaire. The variables include maternal age, education and working status, parity, birth spacing, mother's attitude and knowledge on breastfeeding, supports from place of delivery and family, including husband and mother-in-law. Data were analyzed using Chi Square Test and Logistic Regression. Results: We found 81.90% of mothers were 20-35 years old, had high education (76.19%) and were working (53.33%). The success rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of Dawan I was only 40.95%. The strongest predictors were the supports from place of delivery and mother-in-law. Mothers who received good supports from the place of delivery had a 4.12 times higher chance (p=0.03; 95%CI: 1.10-15.35) to successful exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers who received good supports from their mother-in-law had a 2.68 times higher chance (p=0.02; 95%CI: 1.13-6.34) to successfully give exclusive breastfeeding to their baby. Conclusion: Supports from place of delivery and mother-in-law are important determinants to be considered in increasing the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding.
Teachers’ perception on COVID-19 vaccination and preventive behaviour in Denpasar, Bali Sridyantari, Luh Verra; Sawitri, Anak Agung Sagung; Putra, I Wayan Artawan Eka
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p08

Abstract

Background and purpose: Teachers as one of the public service providers are at risk of transmitting or contracting COVID-19, so they are prioritized to get COVID-19 vaccination. This study aims to explore teachers’ willingness to vaccinate, their behaviour and perception after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods:  We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 200 teachers from 20   primary and secondary schools in Denpasar, who were selected by stratified multistage random sampling. The variables collected are sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, religion, education, economic status), willingness to be vaccinated, behaviour after the vaccination, and the beliefs which include perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, and perceived benefits. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to describe the behaviour and perception of teachers after the vaccination. Results: Most teachers were middle-aged (31-45 years) and female (74%), with undergraduate education (84%). Most of the respondents were willing to be vaccinated and had been vaccinated (97%). Respondents had a low vulnerability belief of 18%, a high seriousness belief of 8.5% and a low benefit belief of 3.5%. All teachers have intentions to continue implementing health protocols to prevent transmission of COVID-19. Conclusion: Some school teachers have low perceived vulnerability, high seriousness, and belief of low benefits after vaccination. This shows that teachers are still unsure about the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in preventing the transmission of COVID-19, so further education effort is needed.  
The effectiveness of laughter yoga to improve sleep quality in cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic Werdani, Yesiana Dwi Wahyu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p09

Abstract

Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a high-stress situation and disrupted sleep quality in cancer patients. Laughter yoga is a method that suggested to improve sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of laughter yoga to improve sleep quality of cancer patients during the pandemic. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group approach. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Cancer Foundation, East Java Surabaya branch, in June 202, involved 20 people in each intervention and control group. The instrument used was Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with lower scores reflect better sleep quality. Laughter yoga intervention was given to the intervention group for four weeks, twice a week, and 20 minutes each meeting while the control group performed daily routine activities. Data was analysed with Paired t-test for pre and post intervention, and Independent Sample t-test for comparing both groups. Results: The intervention group shows a decrease in the global PSQI score (from 10.15+2.18 to 7.55+1.87) with p< 0.001, while in control group, there was an increased score (from 10.05+1.46 to 10.10+1.44) with p=0.841. The intervention group showed a decrease in the average score on the global and all of the components PSQI score, indicating a better sleep quality. Meanwhile, in the control group, the average global sleep quality score almost the same, and no significant decrease in all components. Laughter yoga was effective in improving the sleep quality of cancer patients during the pandemic. Conclusion: Laughter yoga is effective to improve sleep quality. This technique can be routinely practice to improve relaxation and stimulate improvements in sleep quality in all components.

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