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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 310 Documents
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Factors associated with utilization of posyandu lansia in Indonesia: an analysis of nationwide survey data Trisfayeti, Ica Hervita; Idris, Haerawati
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i1.p09

Abstract

Background and purpose: The proportion of the older population in the world is increasing, including in Indonesia. The elderlies tend to be more susceptible to infectious diseases and chronic diseases due to decreased anatomical and physiological functions. A model of health services for the elderlies in Indonesia is called posyandu lansia (integrated health village posts for older adults). This study aims to analyse the determinants of the use of health village posts among older adults in Indonesia. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) data . The study samples included 4,366 respondents at the age of 50 years and over. The dependent variable is utilization of posyandu lansia and the independent variables consist of age, gender, level of education, work status and activity of daily living. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The study results show that the utilization of posyandu lansia was 5.1%. Age ≥60 years, female gender, secondary education, unemployment, region, location, activity of daily living, nutritional status of fat and thin, acute morbidity, and a history of chronic disease have a significant relationship with the utilization of posyandu lansia in Indonesia (p<0.05). Females were 3.097 times more likely to utilize posyandu lansia (95%CI: 2.464-3.891) than males. Conclusion: Women are more likely to use the posyandu lansia than men. The government should increase the effort to expand coverage of posyandu lansia utilization especially among males.
The relationship of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with the length of stay of COVID-19 patients at Dr. R. Soedjono Hospital, Selong, East Lombok Junaedi , Muhammad; Wirawan, I Made Ady; Adhi, Kadek Tresna
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i1.p10

Abstract

Background and purpose: By December 2020, 678 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were recorded in East Lombok District, and more are anticipated. The capacity of the available healthcare institutions is now impacted by the inclusion of these cases. In this study, the duration of stay of COVID-19 patients at Dr. R. Soedjono Hospital in Selong, East Lombok will be described, as well as the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors with length of stay. Methods: This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design using medical records of 409 patients who were confirmed positive for COVID-19 then treated in April-December 2020 and declared cured after completed the treatment period. The data collected included the date of admission and discharge of patients, age, gender, marital status, education, occupation, history of comorbidities and laboratory test results. Data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Results: The average length of stay for COVID-19 patients at Dr. R. Soedjono Hospital Selong, East Lombok was 16 days (SD±7,366) and the median was 14 days (IQR=7). Multivariate analysis shows factors for patients being treated for longer time (the average length of stay ≥17 days) were male (AOR=1.87; 95%CI: 1.21-2.86) and low education level (AOR=1.91; 95%CI: 1.19-3.06). Conclusion: The average length of stay of COVID-19 patients in this hospital was quite long at 16 days. Male COVID-19 patients and those with low education have higher likelihood to stay longer in hospital. The hospital should consider this information to improve hospital planning for COVID-19 patients
Relationship between cesarean section and early initiation of breastfeeding in Indonesia Gayatri, Maria
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i1.p11

Abstract

Background and purpose: Breastfeeding initiation is internationally recommended due to its benefits on maternal and child health. The study aims to determine the relationship between mode of delivery and early breastfeeding initiation among women who delivered in health facilities. Methods: The study was based on The Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017. There were 5,369 women whose children were born in the last 24 months preceding the survey in health facilities in Indonesia. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. The complex sample design was performed for analyses. Results: Of the women who had given birth to at least 24 months preceding the survey in health facilities, 57 percent of women were found to practice breastfeeding initiation. The likelihood of breastfeeding initiation among women who delivered in health facilities was associated with mode of delivery, which women with cesarean delivery (OR=0.33; 95%CI: 0.29-0.38) were less likely to practice breastfeeding initiation compared with those with normal vaginal delivery after adjusted by socio-economic factors. Moreover, women aged 35-49 years and non-working women were found to have higher probabilities to practice breastfeeding initiation. Conclusion: Maternal age, working status, and type of delivery were significantly influencing the practice of early initiation of breastfeeding among women who delivered in health facilities. Policy and intervention to encourage and support early initiation of breastfeeding should be taken into consideration by public health professionals and health providers. Comprehensive breastfeeding counseling should be a part of health care training to encourage moms to start nursing as soon as possible, especially for mothers who have caesarean deliveries. It is important to ensure the implementation of breastfeeding policy on the company’s worksite support policy.
Neglected Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Aspects in Preventing Childhood Stunting Dwipayanti, Ni Made Utami; Purnama, Sang Gede
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p01

Abstract

Approximately 165 million (25,7%) children globally experience chronic malnutrition or stunting.1 In Indonesia, 29.6% of children under five are recorded as short and very short.2 The stunting prevention framework underlines that stunting prevention needs to be carried out with a comprehensive approach targeting specific nutritional factors such as the adolescents’ and young couples’ health, pregnancy supplements, exclusive breastfeeding, child feeding, as well as sensitive nutritional factors such as food security, mental health during pregnancy, women empowerment, access to clean water and sanitation, and family health services.1
Determinants of the intention to use National Insurance Mobile Application in Badung District based on Technology Acceptance Model Framework Indrayathi, Putu Ayu; Megayanti, Ni Luh Komang; Ulandari, Luh Putu Sinthya; Kolozsvari, Laszlo Robert
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p02

Abstract

Background and purpose: National Insurance Mobile Application (JKN Mobile) developed by Health Insurance Institution (BPJS Kesehatan) to facilitate the administrative activities of the National Health Insurance (JKN) participants. However, in practice, it has yet to be widely used by JKN participants. This study aims to explore factors determine participants' intention to use the JKN Mobile application based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Framework. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in April-May 2021. The minimum required sample size was 99. Inclusion criteria were people 18 years of age or older, residing in Badung District, Bali Province and at least having used the JKN Mobile once. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. A multivariable analysis was then conducted to determine the factors of intention to use the JKN Mobile application. Results: The proportion of JKN participants interested in using the JKN Mobile was 50%. Perceived usefulness, ease of use, credibility, and amount of information were correlated with the intention to use the JKN Mobile. The linear regression analysis showed that perceived usefulness is significantly associated with the intention to use JKN Mobile (aOR=9.68; 95%CI: 3.33-28.14; p=0.001). Conclusion: Participants' acceptability to use JKN Mobile is associated with the benefits of using such an application. It is thus imperative for BPJS Kesehatan to simultaneously update the design and features to be readily accepted and used by the public, which will later affect interest in using the application.
Nutrition assistance of breastfeeding and complementary feeding associated with the linier growth of stunted children aged 6-24 months Simbolon, Demsa; Ludji, Ina Deborah; Rahyani, Yuni
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: Age 6-24 months is a critical period for experiencing nutrition and health problems, especially among children who are stunted. Stunting children need to recover their nutritional status through appropriate interventions to be able to pursue their growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition assistance on breastfeeding and complementary feeding on the length growth of children aged 6-24 with stunting. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. A sample of 60 intervention and 60 control groups were divided into North Bengkulu District and Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) District. Nutrition assistance for 6 months (July-November 2019) was carried out by 10 trained cadres. Each cadre is responsible for 6 stunted children aged 6-24 months (3 children received assistance and 3 children with standard services from the public health center). Data analysis uses independent t-test and dependent t-test after passing the homogeneity test phase of the proportion of sample characteristics and normality of the data. Results: We found that assistance for breastfeeding and complementary feeding for mothers with stunting children aged 6-24 months was effective in increasing the growth of the child's body length. As many as 53.3% of stunted children in North Bengkulu District and 36.7% in TTS District showed growth after nutrition assistance. Conclusion: It is recommended that the implementation of a nutrition assistance model be accompanied by continuous family and community empowerment in the recovery of nutritional status, especially in families with stunted children aged 6-24 months.
Spatial Distribution of Dengue and Forecasting in South Denpasar, Bali Province, Indonesia Purnama, Sang Gede; Subrata, Made; Kardiwinata, Pasek; Sudarmaja, Made
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Bali continues to increase. A new strategy is required to control dengue in Bali. The purpose of the study is to conduct spatial mapping with a geographic information system to help determine the distribution pattern and areas at risk of DHF and to predict increasing vector density and dengue cases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the South Denpasar Public Health Center service area from January to June 2020. It was conducted in 3 villages, including Kelurahan Sesetan (3,446 households), Sidakarya Village (2,859 households), and Kelurahan Panjer (2,907 households). A total of 191 cases of DHF were recorded during the study period. Results: Calculation of the spatial analysis of the Average Nearest Neighbor (AAN) with the value of Z score=-8.03 show a spatial pattern of the distribution of DHF cases. AAN value of 0.69 (<1) means that the pattern of spread of DHF incidence is clustered. Time series forecasting by modeling using the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) and Double Exponential Smoothing Method Routine shows that larva control efforts are predicted to affect the number of dengue cases. The pattern of the spatial distribution of cases occurs in clusters. Conclusion: There is a spatial relationship with population density. It is predicted that routine larvae control will reduce dengue cases.
Ocular Manifestations in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at the Kerti Praja Foundation, Denpasar, Bali Triningrat, A A Mas Putrawati; Handayani, Ariesanti Tri; Juliari, I Gusti Ayu Made; Utari, Ni Made Laksmi; Ratnasari, Ni Luh Made Novi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p10

Abstract

Background and purpose: People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWHA) could present various ocular manifestations according to the CD4+ lymphocyte count. This study aims to determine the socio-demographic characteristics and ocular manifestations of PLWHA. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling, involving a total of 118 samples, conducted in August 2021 at Kerti Praja Foundation Denpasar. Data were collected through history taking and ocular examinations, which included the variables of gender, age, occupation, residence, working status, level of education, duration of ARV treatment, treatment compliance, visual acuity, anterior segment manifestation, posterior segment manifestation, and CD4 T-cell count. Data analysis was performed with a statistical software. Results:  A total of 118 samples were involved in this study, with 53 respondents (44.9%) experienced ocular manifestations and 55.1% did not experience ocular manifestations. The most frequent ocular manifestation identified was dry eye (68.5% found in right eye and 54.9% found in left eye), while only 2 patients have posterior-segment manifestation. Conclusion: The most common ocular manifestation in HIV-infected people on anti-retroviral therapy was dry eye. Screening for dry eye is recommended in PLWHA.
Water Ambulance Service Provision to Improve Healthcare Access for Community in Nusa Penida Island, Bali: A Qualitative Feasibility Study Aryani, Putu; Harjana, Ngakan Putu Anom; Januraga, Pande Putu; Kurnianingsih, Desak Ketut Dewi Satiawati; Wirawan, Gede Benny Setia; Swapatni, Ni Made Adi; Wibawa, I Komang Gede Sentanu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: An important component of healthcare access is transportation. Lack of transportation has been cited as an important barrier to healthcare access in remote islands region. Here we conduct a feasibility study on the implementation of water ambulance service to improve healthcare access in the region of Nusa Penida and its surrounding islands in Bali Province, Indonesia. Methods:  We employed a qualitative approach with interviews and focused group discussions with stakeholders. Data collection was conducted to assess the feasibility of operating water ambulance services, based on a framework that included technical, market, organizational, and financial feasibilities. Inductive coding was conducted and data was analyzed to evaluate the feasibility based on local capacity against pre-determined framework of assessment based in literature. Results: Qualitative interviews revealed perceived urgency and need for water ambulance service among stakeholders. They also perceive the need of water ambulance service was not mutually exclusive to other alternatives, such as expanding healthcare capacity on the islands. There was also readiness and adequate capacity from stakeholders which include a dedicated health emergency services under the health office that coordinate ambulance service in the region, readiness to create dedicated medical team and boat crew to operate water ambulance services, and readiness to cover the cost of initial procurement followed by operational costs which may include public-private partnerships. Conclusion: There was a strong perceived need for water ambulance service in Nusa Penida Islands. At the same time, local stakeholders revealed adequate basic capacity to feasibly operate water ambulance services according to benchmarks identified in literature review.
Factors associated with smoking behaviour among Indonesian students: Analysis of the 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey Faisal, Debri Rizki; Putra, Onetusfifsi; Nadira, Nindy Audia
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2022.v10.i2.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: The smoking prevalence in youths aged 10-18 years in Indonesia increased from 7.2% in 2013 to 9.1% in 2018. The aim of this study was to assess factors related to smoking behavior among students in Indonesia. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Indonesia data. The sampling technique used was two-stage cluster sampling, classified by schools and classes. The samples included in this analysis were all students aged 13-15 years who participated in the survey and have complete data, accounted for 9,789 respondents. The data were analysed with the Chi-Square Test and Logistic Regression with a 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.05. Results:  A total of 3,595 students (36.72%) had smoked. The number of respondents was the most in the age group of 13-15 years (51.43%). The number of male respondents was 44.01% and women 55.99%. Most students (90.29%) had seen cigarette advertisements, 55.88% of them saw people smoking in school areas and 46.88% saw teachers smoking at schools. The results of a multivariate analysis found factors affected smoking behaviour in students were the friend's offer to smoke (AOR=10.69; 95%CI: 7.37-15.50), male gender (AOR=13.94; 95%CI: 11.56–16.81) and presence of people smoking in the house (AOR=2.15; 95%CI: 1.88-2.45). Conclusion: Environmental cues and peer pressure are associated with smoking among students. Optimizing smoke free and health education about the dangers of cigarettes is essential to counteract the extensive exposure to environmental influence to smoking.

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