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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity
Published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27744116     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity, ISSN : 2774-4116 (Online) is an international journal that publishes articles on all aspects of biological diversity-its description, analysis and conservation, and its controlled rational use by humankind. The scope of Biodiversity and Conservation is wide and multidisciplinary, and embraces all life-forms. published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 82 Documents
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Anti-Aging Potential of Moringa oleifera Bioactive Compounds: A Molecular Docking Approach Targeting Sirtuin Proteins Marthin, Jeffrey; Noverita, Noverita; Prasasty, Vivitri Dewi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i2.268

Abstract

Moringa oleifera has long been valued in traditional skincare, but its molecular interactions with key aging regulators remain poorly understood. This study elucidates the anti-aging potential of Moringa oleifera bioactive compounds through their modulation of sirtuin proteins (SIRT2, SIRT5, SIRT6), which govern genomic stability and oxidative stress responses. Using computational approaches, we performed molecular docking simulations (AutoDock Vina) on 20 bioactive compounds against sirtuin crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank. Comparative analysis with commercial anti-aging agents (niacinamide, AHA, ceramide) identified three Moringa compounds with superior binding affinities: rutin (-10.7 kcal/mol), quercetin (-8.9 kcal/mol), and chlorogenic acid (-7.9 kcal/mol), all outperforming niacinamide (-6.1 kcal/mol). SwissADME profiling confirmed their drug-like properties, including high oral bioavailability, blood-brain barrier penetration, and minimal toxicity risks. Mechanistically, these compounds demonstrated dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities, suggesting synergistic protection against oxidative damage and inflammation-driven aging. Our results position Moringa oleifera as a rich source of multitarget anti-aging candidates, combining computational validation with biological relevance to advance natural product-based interventions against cellular senescence.
Diversity of Macroalgae Species on Pramuka Island and Kotok Besar Island, Thousand Island Regency, DKI Jakarta Province Ainisyifa, Ulfa; Setia, Tatang Mitra; Kusumahadi, Khoe Susanto; Handayani, Sri
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i2.269

Abstract

Indonesia's coastal and marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass beds, play critical roles in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance while providing essential ecosystem services such as coastal protection and food resources. This study evaluates the health of aquatic ecosystems on Pramuka Island and Kotok Besar Island by assessing macroalgal diversity and water quality parameters. Using a survey method with quadratic transects, we analyzed species composition, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and important value index (IVI) of macroalgae, alongside measurements of physical (temperature, salinity, brightness, depth, current speed) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen) water parameters. Results identified 26 macroalgal species on Pramuka Island and 19 on Kotok Besar Island, with moderate diversity indices (H’=2.64 and H’=2.26, respectively). The dominant species were Halimeda macroloba (Chlorophyta) and Hypnea asperi (Rhodophyta) on Pramuka Island, and Halimeda macroloba (Chlorophyta) and Sargassum binderi (Phaeophyta) on Kotok Besar Island. Water quality across both islands remained within optimal ranges for macroalgal growth. These findings underscore the ecological significance of macroalgal communities as bioindicators and highlight the need for targeted conservation strategies to preserve these ecosystems amid rising anthropogenic pressures.
A Preliminary Assessment of Bird Communities and Their Conservation Status in Two Grand Forest Parks (Tahura) of Lamandau, Central Kalimantan Patanduk, Adolfina; Wicaksono, Gusti; Rahmawati, Niken; Sunarto, Sunarto; Widaryo, Iwan; Sapari, Iman
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.290

Abstract

In 2023, the Environment and Forestry Service (DLHK) of Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan, designated two forest areas, Tahura Bukit Selajaan and Tahura Bukit Benyawai, as Grand Forest Parks (Tahura) to strengthen biodiversity conservation and management efforts. This preliminary study aimed to inventory bird species, analyze species composition and community structure, and identify protected and endangered species in both areas. The research employed line transect and point count methods, supported by camera traps to enhance detection. A total of 92 bird species were recorded, including 21 protected and 9 endangered species. The Sørensen Similarity Index (>75%) indicated a high degree of similarity in bird communities between the sites, suggesting comparable habitat conditions. Key species such as the Bornean Bristlehead, Helmeted Hornbill, Rhinoceros Hornbill, and Great Argus highlight significant avitourism potential. These findings provide a crucial baseline for sustainable conservation planning. However, ongoing anthropogenic pressures threaten habitat quality. Strategies such as public awareness programs, regular monitoring and patrols, and the development of conservation based alternative livelihoods are essential to ensure long term ecological integrity and sustainable management of the Tahura areas.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae Plants Using the RAMES Method Adilah, Hanifa Nur; Adawiyah, Suryani; Agustiana, Syifa; Effendi, Alvira Noer; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.291

Abstract

Plants from the Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae families are recognized for their diverse phytochemical content and pharmacological potential. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of ten plant species from these families using the Rapid Metabolome Extraction and Storage (RAMES) method. Fresh rhizomes from Zingiberaceae and fruits from Solanaceae were extracted with ethanol, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening and antioxidant evaluation using the ABTS method. All tested species contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, and phenols. Triterpenoids were consistently detected in Zingiberaceae species but were largely absent in Solanaceae, which predominantly contained steroids. Antioxidant assays revealed strong activity in all samples, with complete ABTS decolorization (score +3) comparable to ascorbic acid. These findings suggest that antioxidant potential is closely associated with flavonoid and phenolic compound content. The RAMES method proved to be a rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach for small scale extraction of bioactive compounds, enabling sustainable use of medicinal plant resources. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae species as natural antioxidant sources for the development of functional health products and herbal medicines. Further quantitative and biological studies are recommended to identify key active constituents and evaluate their safety and clinical efficacy.
Antioxidant Potential, Quantification of Phenolics and Flavonoids, and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Stem Methanol Extract of Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq. Using LC-MS/MS Analysis Siregar, Astri Rozanah; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.292

Abstract

Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq., a wild plant from the Annonaceae family, naturally grows in the peat swamp forests of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Known as Black Bajakah among the Dayak Ngaju community in Central Kalimantan, its stems have traditionally been used to treat various ailments and restore stamina during forest work. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract of M. kentii stems and to explore its potential for medicinal applications and drug discovery. LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted using a C18 column on the Waters Acquity UPLC system, with electrospray ionization in positive and negative ion modes. Compound identification employed the UNIFI data processor with the Waters Traditional Medical Scientific Library database. The analysis revealed five bioactive compounds: d-Lirioferine (lirioferine), isosinomenine, N-(1,7-Dimethoxy-phenanthren-2-yl)-acetamide, scoulerine, and yuanhunine, all with documented biological activities. Quantitative analysis showed the extract contained 36.23% total phenols, 0.44% total flavonoids, and exhibited very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 12.06 ppm. These results support the traditional medicinal use of M. kentii and highlight its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for future pharmaceutical development.
Vegetation Structure of The Sumatran Rhino Habitat In The Kapi, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh Province Rahmadetiassani, Afifi; Darnaedi, Dedy; Samedi, Samedi; Putra, Rudi H.; Khan, Latif; Hanum, Cut Maila
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.293

Abstract

The Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is one of the most critically endangered large mammals, with fewer than 100 individuals remaining. Habitat quality plays a vital role in ensuring its survival and reproduction. The Kapi area within the Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA) is considered one of the potential remaining habitats for this species, yet data on its vegetation structure is limited. This study aimed to analyze and describe vegetation conditions in Kapi by examining species composition, similarity, diversity, evenness, and importance value index (IVI). Vegetation data were collected from October to December 2021 using randomly distributed sample plots across all vegetation strata. A total of 98 plant species from 37 families and 7,394 individual plants were recorded, comprising 67 species in the tree stratum, 43 species in the pole stratum, 42 species in the sapling stratum, and 43 species in the seedling stratum. Species similarity was highest between sapling and pole strata (63.53%) and lowest between sapling and tree strata (45.87%). Seventy-nine plant species from 29 families were identified as rhino food plants. Diversity was highest in the tree stratum (H’=3.32) and lowest in the seedling stratum (H’=2.88). Evenness peaked in the pole stratum (E=0.83) and was lowest in the seedling stratum (E=0.76). IVI analysis indicated different dominant species in each stratum.
Phytochemistry and Potential of Sargassum binderi, Sargassum cinereum, Padina australis, and Turbinaria conoides as Medicinal Ingredients Priamanatha , Dandy; Handayani, Sri; Zulfa, Astri
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.294

Abstract

This study investigated the phytochemicals and potential from macroalgae Sargassum binderi, Sargassum cinereum, Padina australis and Turbinaria conoides as material medicine. Samples in the study are taken from the sea around Kepulauan Seribu. Qualitative and quantitative tests conducted in the laboratory Nasional University Chemistry and Research Center Laboratory Plant Spices and Medicines. Research focuses on composition of phytochemicals consisting of groups of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, then see its potential as a material drug through scientific studies. The results found in the research on every sample found contain all group phytochemicals in a way qualitative. Apart from that, levels of phytochemicals obtained are different. Sargassum binderies own high levels of flavonoids and saponins so that potential become drug as antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombogenic, antitumor, antiosteoporotic , antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic. While level tannin highest owned by Turbinaria conoides so that potential become material drug as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and vasodilator agents. Padina australis and Sargassum cinereum in a way sequentially own level highest from flavonoid and saponin groups, so that potential become material drug as antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombogenic, antitumor, antiosteoporotic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and has hemolytic. All samples in a way qualitative contain alkaloids, so that has the potential to also become a material drug as anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, cytotoxic to herbivorous, analgesic, and relaxant muscle. Research more carry on about activity pharmacology, compounds phytochemicals specific, alkaloid levels, and dosage best can open knowledge about material drug from more macroalgae complete
Changes in the Home Range of Bornean Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) Before and After Forest Fires at Tuanan Research Station, Central Kalimantan Hasan, Silvia; Sri Suci Utami Atmoko
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 6 No 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v6i1.324

Abstract

The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii), an endangered species native to the tropical forests of Borneo, plays a crucial role in the ecosystem as a keystone species and seed disperser. However, habitat degradation, particularly from forest fires, poses a significant threat to their survival. This study investigates the impact of forest fires on the home ranges of Bornean orangutans at the Tuanan Orangutan Research Station (TORS), Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were collected before and after the 2019 forest fire, focusing on changes in orangutan movement patterns and their responses to altered fruit availability. The results showed that, following the fire, most observed individuals decreased their home range size, except for the flanged male (Dado) and the adult female (Juni), who expanded their home ranges. The forest fire led to a significant reduction in fruit tree productivity, which was reflected in the fluctuating fruit availability index (FAI). Additionally, smoke from the fire disrupted pollination, further impacting fruit production and orangutan foraging behavior. Kernel Density Estimator (KDE) analysis revealed changes in the movement paths and home-range sizes of the orangutans before and after the fire. These findings highlight the adaptability of orangutans to habitat changes induced by fire, and the importance of understanding how fire-related environmental changes affect orangutan survival and behavior. The study underscores the need for practical conservation efforts to mitigate the effects of habitat degradation and maintain food resources for orangutans in post-fire landscapes.
Condition of Seagrass at Prawean Beach, Jepara, Based on the Seagrass Ecological Quality Index (SEQI) S. Wahyuni, Endang; Edy Yuwono; Sri Handayani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 6 No 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v6i1.327

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the bioecology of seagrass at Prawean Beach, Jepara, through analysis of species composition, the Seagrass Ecological Quality Index (SEQI), environmental water parameters, as well as the connection between environmental variables and seagrass cover. Data collection was carried out in September at two stations using the method transect-quadratic, while the physical-chemical parameters water were measured in situ and analyzed in a way statistically. Research results show that Thalassia hemprichii is the dominant species with the highest coverage in all point observations, while Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halodule uninervis have lower cover more low. The SEQI value is in the range of 45–50% which indicates a quality ecosystem in category medium. Analysis Spearman correlation reveals that brightness influential significant to cover seagrass (r = 0.82; p = 0.048), whereas salinity, temperature, DO, pH, nitrate, and phosphate show no significant connection. Findings This indicates that disturbance of the physical coast potential becomes factor main influencing factor health field of seagrass at Prawean Beach.
Wild Cats Diversity and Activity Patterns in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, Kalimantan, Indonesia Persada Agussetia Sitepu; Juliarta Bramansa Ottay; Gusti Wicaksono; Rusnadi; Firasadi Nursub’i; Risky Ananda Kurniawan; Utin Riesna Afrianti; Tomi Ariyanto
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 6 No 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v6i1.328

Abstract

Kalimantan is home to five species of wild cats, but scientific information about them is still limited. This study aims to examine the biodiversity, spatial distribution, relative abundance, activity patterns, and occupancy rate of wild cats in the Belaban Resort, Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (BBBR NP). Data collection was conducted from March 2024 to August 2025 at 25 camera trap (CT) stations, which were operated for a total 6.756 trap-nights. The analysis includes calculation of the relative abundance index, occupancy, distribution, and activity patterns. A total 45 independent events of wild cats from three species were recorded, namely the sunda clouded leopard, leopard cat and marbled cat. The leopard cat has the highest relative abundance (5,01 events per 100 trap-nights). The sunda clouded leopard showed the highest occupancy probability (ψ = 0,794), while the marbled cat had the lowest abundance and occupancy. The spatial distribution showed that 60% of the camera stations recorded at least one species of wild cat, with two stations at elevation of 520-762 meters above the sea level recording to the highest detections, in line with the high presence of potential prey. There findings underscore the importance of maintaining forest cover, increasing area patrols, and involving the community in controlling hunting and encroachment as part of area management planning. Overall, the results of this study provide a scientific basis for the implementation of adaptive conservation and the strengthening of management strategies to ensure the sustainability of wild cat populations in the Belaban Resort, BBBR NP

Page 8 of 9 | Total Record : 82

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