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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Spatial analysis of rabies-transmitting animal bite cases in North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatera Province in 2016-2020 Simanjuntak, Saidah Fatimah Sari; Sipahutar, Tiopan; Mafkul, Martya Rahmaniati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 02 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i02.11278

Abstract

Purpose: Rabies is a priority strategic disease because it has an impact on socio-economic and public health. This study aims to describe the incidence of rabies-transmitting animal bite cases in North Tapanuli Regency in 2016-2020, contribute to understanding the dynamics of cases, and provide effective information in controlling cases of animal bites that transmit rabies. Methods: Ecological study using aggregated data. The data was collected from monthly reports of rabies cases at the North Tapanuli Regency Health Service in 2016-2020. As a unit analysis, all districts are used. QGIS and GeoDA software are used for data analysis. Through GeOda software, spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out globally using Moran's I test and locally using the LISA test. Results: Rabies-transmitting animal bite cases had a dispersed pattern in 2016 (I<E[I]) and a clustered pattern (I>E[I]). Globally, there is positive spatial autocorrelation in rabies-transmitting animal bite cases between districts in North Tapanuli Regency in 2017 and 2020 (p-value < 0.05). Moran's cluster map shows that locally in 2016-2020, the districts in the quadrant I (High-High) are Siborongborong and Sipoholon. Quadrant II (Low-High) is Adiankoting and Pagaran. Quadrant III (Low-Low) is Pangaribuan, and quadrant IV (High-Low) is Pahae Jae and Pangaribuan. Conclusion: Globally, cases of animal bites that transmit rabies in North Tapanuli Regency occur in clusters. It means that the number of bite cases in one area is related to the number of cases in other nearby areas. Therefore, rabies control program interventions in areas with high observation values must be prioritized so they do not spread to areas with low observation values.
Spatial autocorrelation of stunting prevalence among children under five years in West Bandung Regency in 2022 Minawati; Trihandini, Indang; Sipahutar, Tiopan; Salsabila, Syefira
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 01 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i01.11645

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether there is spatial autocorrelation based on the prevalence of stunting and their spatial diffusion pattern. It also aims to find areas that will become stunting hotspots and cold spots area in West Bandung Regency in 2022. Method: This research employed an ecological study design using spatial analysis to estimate and analyze the distribution pattern of stunting prevalence in the West Bandung Regency in 2022. The data used results from a child monitoring record in Posyandu (Integrated Service Post) carried out by the West Bandung Regency Health Office regarding the prevalence of stunting among children under five years. This study used Moran Index and Local Indicators Autocorrelation (LISA) for spatial pattern analysis. Results: This study shows that there is negative spatial autocorrelation, or the distribution of stunting prevalence forms a random pattern (I<E). This study also indicates that there is statistically no spatial correlation between sub-district areas based on stunting prevalence in West Bandung Regency in 2022 (p-value > 0,05). There is no hotspot and cold spot area of stunting in West Bandung Regency in 2022. Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting in West Bandung Regency in 2022 is not spatially related between sub-district areas, with a random or scattered pattern. The area that is the main priority for intervention is Saguling Subdistrict, the subdistrict with the highest prevalence of stunting. The intervention program implemented in Cililin Subdistrict can be implemented in Saguling Subdistrict to reduce stunting prevalence.
Regional disparity in age-related disability: toward healthy aging in Indonesia Puspitasari, Mardiana Dwi; Rahardja, Mugia Bayu; Nurhayati, Septi; Surbakti, Indra Murty
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 01 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i01.11647

Abstract

Purpose: Maintaining functional ability and minimizing age-related disability of older adults are required to promote healthy aging. A supportive physical and social environment, in addition to individual variables, has a role in reducing the risk of age-related disability. Infrastructure development differs between Java-Bali and outer Java-Bali regions. This study aims to determine the extent to which the disability of older adults in Java-Bali and outer Java-Bali regions. Methods: This study is cross-sectional, using data from the 2020 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) with 122.344 Indonesian older adults aged 60 and over. Disability is the outcome variable. The explanatory variable is regional disparity (Java-Bali and outer Java-Bali regions), which refers to where the older adults live. In addition, the control variables include age, sex, marital status, educational level, employment status, leisure activity, household wealth status, and self-rated health status (SRHS). A multivariate logistic regression statistical analysis is performed. Results: The outer Java-Bali region has a slightly greater prevalence of older adults with age-related disability than the Java-Bali region, with 28.8 and 22.9 percent, respectively. However, older adults living in the outer Java-Bali region are 1.63 times more likely (OR 1.63; 95% CI (1.58-1.68)) to have disability than those living in the Java-Bali region. Other socio-demographic variables are significantly associated with age-related disability. Conclusion: Living in the Java-Bali region increases the risk of age-related disability. Infrastructure development in the outer Java-Bali region needs to be improved so that older adults can experience healthy aging.
Analysis physical workload, mental workload, and work stress on teachers at Public Special School of Surakarta Pitaloka, Fitri Rahmawati Dyah; Widowati, Evi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 01 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i01.11724

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical workload and mental workload towards work stress on special school teachers. In addition, it discovers the portrayal of the level of physical and mental workload and work stress. Methods: This study is a quantitative research through a cross-sectional approach. A total of 50 teachers was the sample. Variables in this study were physical workload, mental workload, and work stress. Data was collected with a pulse oximeter and questionnaires of NASA-TLX and PSS-10, and collected data was analyzed with the Spearman rank test. Results: The results of this study showed there is no relationship between physical workload and work stress. On the other hand, there is a relationship between mental workload and work stress (p-value=0.720; PR=0.762). Furthermore, 18% of teachers had a required improvement in physical workload, 12% had a very high mental workload, and 50% had moderate work stress (p-value=0.000; PR=0.552). Conclusions: This study indicated that there is no relationship between physical workload and work stress, in the other hand, there is a relationship between mental workload and work stress.
The use of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a systematic literature review Paramesthi, Prasasya; Jati, Sutopo Patria; Suryoputro, Antono
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 01 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i01.11727

Abstract

Purpose: Electronic medical records (EMR) are information technology-based systems that store and manage patient medical data. EMR are beneficial for improving healthcare services' efficiency, effectiveness, and security. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the adoption of EMR, but there are still challenges, such as the surge in patient numbers and problems with EMR filling. This study aimed to investigate the use of EMR in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Method: This study was a systematic literature review using the PRISMA diagram. Article search was conducted based on the PICO model eligibility criteria. The articles used were retrieved from 3 databases: Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Cerdika. The researcher limited the publication year of the journals to 2020-2021, when the COVID-19 pandemic was ongoing, and added the keyword "COVID-19" to the journals published in 2022-2023. Results: The results of the study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact and the need for the implementation of EMR due to its various benefits, such as improving the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare services, facilitating access to patient health information, increasing collaboration among healthcare workers, accelerating the process of clinical decision-making, and improving the security and accuracy of health data. However, implementing EMR during the COVID-19 pandemic has only sometimes been smooth. Some challenges include suboptimal infrastructure, untrained human resources, and inadequate policies. Conclusion: To overcome these challenges, efforts from various parties, including the government, hospitals, and healthcare workers, are needed.
When should DIY have a localized healthcare waste management system? Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Sarto; Wiranto; Sutena, Marthinus; Qaimamunazzala, Hayu; Ferdiana, Astri; Ramadona, Aditya Lia; Jaladara, Vena; Nilasari; Meliala, Andreasta; Padmawati, Retna Siwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 11 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i11.11777

Abstract

Purpose: The 2018 healthcare waste management crisis catalyzed a critical review of the concerns expressed by the Health Office (dinkes) and healthcare facilities regarding healthcare waste management in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Due to this crisis, the Ministry of Health hired Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) to look into potential solutions and promote DIY government policy responses. This paper examines the management strategy during crisis times and possible alternative solutions. Methods: This paper uses focused group discussions reports involving separate groups of (1) environmental health officials from community health centers, (2) hospitals, (3) environment health officials of district health authorities, and (4) cross-sectoral province officials in the Yogyakarta Special Region. It is part of a project 'A case study of strengthening regional-based medical waste management model', fund from the Environmental Health Directorate, Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health (Project KN 01.03/6.1/0198/2019). Result: A simulation of policy options based on health facility managers suggests that a province-based system is the most profitable in the long term for DIY, with several possible options. The national policy roadmap was considered inadequate to respond to DIY's urgent local needs. Furthermore, the series of meetings succeeded in forming an informal forum between health facilities, provincial health offices, and associations of hospital environmental sanitation experts, monitoring medical waste management. Conclusion: The 2018 medical waste management crisis led to the formulation of policy response choices tailored to the capacity of DIY. These choices considered the expenditures and legal sanctions faced by healthcare facilities and the economic value of a region-based waste system for local government authorities. This comprehensive approach highlights the importance of local capacity. It needs to shape effective and sustainable medical waste management policies, underscoring the necessity of region-specific strategies in the face of national health crises.
The visual feedback training effect of the walking abilities to improve quality of life of stroke patients: a systematic review Maratis, Jerry; Asmirajanti, Mira
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 06 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i06.11851

Abstract

Purpose: Stroke can cause problems with balance and gait ability. This research was conducted to describe the effectiveness of visual feedback training as an exercise method for stroke patients in training balance and gait abilities. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on articles published between 2019 and 2023 examining visual cue training for stroke patients. Results: Six relevant studies reviewed the benefits of visual feedback training on balance and gait ability, including benefits on recumbent stepping and improving the quality of post-stroke patients. Conclusion: Exercise is needed to improve post-stroke patients' balance and gait. The development of training techniques for post-stroke patients, one of which is visual feedback training, still needs to be carried out.
Evaluating spatial analysis of tuberculosis prevalence to identify priority districts or municipalities that need policy attention in West Java Emilia Pandin Madao; Hermawati, Ema; Putri, Nur A’isyah Amalia; Makful, Martya Rahmaniati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 04 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i04.12160

Abstract

Purpose: This study assesses the spatial autocorrelation of tuberculosis (TB) with population density, poverty, personal hygiene and environmental sani- tation (perilaku hidup bersih sehat, PHBS), and housing quality to identify critical areas for targeted TB management in West Java. Methods: This ecological study analyzes secondary data from all TB patients across 27 regencies/cities in West Java Province for 2022. Spatial patterns were examined using the Global Moran's Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). Results: The analysis revealed significant clustering of TB prevalence with population density (p-value = 0.001) and PHBS (p-value = 0.047). At the same time, dispersion was noted with poverty (p-value = 0.355) and a non-significant clustering with housing quality (p-value = 0.270). Notably, ten regencies/cities exhibited significant local spatial autocorrelat- ion, indicating priority areas for intervention. Conclusion: TB prevalence in West Java show a positive spatial correlation with population density and PHBS, indicating clustered patterns that necessitate focused policy attention. The absence of a spatial correlation between poverty and housing quality suggests different intervention strategies may be required. TB intervention should be prioritized in areas like Bekasi Regency, Bekasi City, Bogor Regency, Bogor City, Cianjur Regency, and Depok City, where TB prevalence is significantly associated with key spatial factors.
Local government implementation of health sector minimum standards policy: a stakeholder analysis Arrohmah, Munib; Suryoputro, Antono; Budiyono
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 03 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i03.12250

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the roles and positions of stakeholders in health-sector minimum service standards policy implementation (HS-MSSPI) in Wonosobo based on stakeholders' interests, authority, attitudes, influence, and involvement. Methods: This research is a descriptive qualitative study. The stages in this research are stakeholder identification, data collection through in-depth interviews, data analysis based on the stakeholder classifi- cation approach and stakeholder mapping theory. Results: The results of stakeholder classification show that decision-makers consist of the Regency Legislative Council, Regency Secretariat, Agency for Regional Development, and Health Office. Providers comprise the Health Office, Public Health Center, and Health Cadres, while Representatives comprise the Sub-District Govern- ment, Village Government, and Family Welfare Guidance (PKK) Cadres. Stakeholder mapping results show that there are two types of positions in the decision-maker category: savior and time bomb. In the provider category, there are three positions - savior, friend, and sleeping giant. At the same time, all representatives are in the friend position. Conclusion: It appears that stakeholders involved in the implementation of the HS-MSSPI in Wonosobo have not utilized their full authority to provide support and involvement. Perhaps there is room for improvement in terms of stakeholder engagement and collaboration to ensure the program's success.
Correlation study of climate variability, population density, altitude, and low birth-weight rates on the incidence of children pneumonia in Bogor Regency Ariani; Arminsih, Ririn
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 03 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i03.12337

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the correlation between climate variability (temperature, humidity, rainfall, sunshine duration, and wind speed), population density, altitude, and low birth weight (LBW) rate on the incidence of under-five years old children with pneumonia. Methods: This research uses a combination study design based on place and time (mixed design ecological study). Results: There was no significant relationship between climate variability and lag effect of 0-2 months with the number of under-five pneumonia cases in Bogor Regency in 2018-2022, as well as the altitude variable (p=0.0619). Meanwhile, the variables of population density (r-value = 0.439) and LBW rate (r-value = 0.338) showed a positive correlation with the number of under-five pneumonia cases in Bogor Regency. Conclusion: This research shows the incidence of pneumonia among under-fives in Bogor Regency is influenced by population density and LBW rates. Ensuring access to proper sanitation, a complete basic immunization program, adequate housing, and also personal protective measures are important to reduce the spread of pneumonia.

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